scholarly journals The Psychosocial and Somatic Effects of Relocation from Remote Canadian First Nation Communities to Urban Centres on Indigenous Peoples with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3838
Author(s):  
Denise Genereux ◽  
Lida Fan ◽  
Keith Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
The Impact

Chronic kidney disease, also referred to as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a prevalent and chronic condition for which treatment is necessary as a means of survival once affected individuals reach the fifth and final stage of the disease. Dialysis is a form of maintenance treatment that aids with kidney functioning once a normal kidney is damaged. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Each form of treatment is discussed between the patient and nephrologist and is largely dependent upon the following factors: medical condition, ability to administer treatment, supports, geographical location, access to necessary equipment/supplies, personal wishes, etc. For Indigenous Peoples who reside on remote Canadian First Nation communities, relocation is often recommended due to geographical location and limited access to both health care professionals and necessary equipment/supplies (i.e., quality of water, access to electricity/plumbing, etc). Consequently, the objective of this paper is to determine the psychosocial and somatic effects for Indigenous Peoples with ESRD if they have to relocate from remote First Nation communities to an urban centre. A review of the literature suggests that relocation to urban centres has negative implications that are worth noting: cultural isolation, alienation from family and friends, somatic issues, psychosocial issues, loss of independence and role adjustment. As a result of relocation, it is evident that the impact is profound in terms of an individuals’ mental, emotional, physical and spiritual well-being. Ensuring that adequate social support and education are available to patients and families would aid in alleviating stressors associated with managing chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Dietary Modelling to Explore the Impact of Potassium Chloride Replacement for Sodium in Bread for Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Rebecca Morrison ◽  
Jordan Stanford ◽  
Kelly Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
The Impact

Food manufacturers are increasingly substituting potassium chloride (KCl) in food products so as to reduce the sodium chloride content. Bread and bread products are common staple foods in many Western households and are a target for recipe reformulation using KCl. Given that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a medical condition of global importance that requires dietary potassium restriction in the later stages, we sought to evaluate the impact and safety of varying levels of KCl substitution in bread products. We undertook a secondary analysis of dietary data from the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–2012 for 12,152 participants (154 participants with CKD). The sodium chloride content in bread and bread-based products was substituted with 20%, 30%, and 40% of KCl. The contribution of these alterations in the dietary potassium intake to the total daily potassium intake were then examined. The replacement of sodium in bread with varying amounts of KCl (20%, 30%, and 40%) resulted in one third of people with CKD exceeding the safe limits for dietary potassium consumption (31.8%, 32.6%, and 33%, respectively). KCl substitution in staple foods such as bread and bread products have serious and potentially fatal consequences for people who need to restrict dietary potassium. Improved food labelling is required for consumers to avoid excessive consumption.

(Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Banasik ◽  
Dariusz Jemielniak ◽  
Wojciech P?dzich
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Life Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Academic Teachers ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND There have been mixed results of the studies checking whether prayers do actually extend the life duration of the people prayed for. Most studies on the topic included a small number of prayers and most of them focused on people already struggling with a medical condition. Intercessory prayer’s influence on health is of scholarly interest, yet it is unclear if its effect may be dependent on the number of prayers for a named individual received per annum. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine if there is a noticeable increased longevity effect of intercessory prayer for a named individual’s well-being, if he receives a very high number of prayers per annum for an extended period. METHODS We retrieved and conducted a statistical analysis of the data about the length of life for 857 Roman Catholic bishops, 500 Catholic priests, and 3038 male academics from the US, France, Italy, Poland, Brazil, and Mexico. We obtained information for these individuals who died between 1988 and 2018 from Wikidata, and conducted an observational cohort study. Bishops were chosen for the study, as they receive millions of individual prayers for well being, according to conservative estimates. RESULTS There was a main effect for occupation F(2, 4391) = 4.07, p = .017, ηp 2 = .002, with pairwise comparisons indicating significant differences between the mean life duration of bishops (M=30489) and of priests (M=29894), but none between the academic teachers (M=30147) and either of the other groups. A comparison analysis between bishops from the largest and the smallest dioceses showed no significant difference t(67.31)=1.61, p = .11. Our main outcome measure is covariance of the mean length of life in each of the categories: bishops, priests, academic teachers, controlled for nationality. CONCLUSIONS The first analysis proved that bishops live longer than priests, but due to a marginal effect size this result should be treated with caution. No difference was found between the mean length of life of bishops from the largest and the smallest dioceses. We found no difference between bishops and male academics. These results show that the impact of intercessory prayers on longevity is not observable.

scholarly journals Pharmacist-Led Collaborative Medication Management for the Elderly with Chronic Kidney Disease and Polypharmacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4370
Author(s):  
A Kim ◽  
Hayeon Lee ◽  
Eun-Jeong Shin ◽  
Eun-Jung Cho ◽  
Yoon-Sook Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Impact

Inappropriate polypharmacy is likely in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to the considerable burden of comorbidities. We aimed to describe the impact of pharmacist-led geriatric medication management service (MMS) on the quality of medication use. This retrospective descriptive study included 95 patients who received geriatric MMS in an ambulatory care clinic in a single tertiary-care teaching hospital from May 2019 to December 2019. The average age of the patients was 74.9 ± 7.3 years; 40% of them had CKD Stage 4 or 5. Medication use quality was assessed in 87 patients. After providing MMS, the total number of medications and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) decreased from 13.5 ± 4.3 to 10.9 ± 3.8 and 1.6 ± 1.4 to 1.0 ± 1.2 (both p < 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, the number of patients who received three or more central nervous system-active drugs and strong anticholinergic drugs decreased. Among the 354 drug-related problems identified, “missing patient documentation” was the most common, followed by “adverse effect” and “drug not indicated.” The most frequent intervention was “therapy stopped”. In conclusion, polypharmacy and PIMs were prevalent in older adults with CKD; pharmacist-led geriatric MMS improved the quality of medication use in this population.

scholarly journals New Pathogenic Concepts and Therapeutic Approaches to Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pedraza-Chaverri ◽  
Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada ◽  
Horacio Osorio-Alonso ◽  
Edilia Tapia ◽  
Alexandra Scholze
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Mitochondrial Alterations ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Impact

In chronic kidney disease inflammatory processes and stimulation of immune cells result in overproduction of free radicals. In combination with a reduced antioxidant capacity this causes oxidative stress. This review focuses on current pathogenic concepts of oxidative stress for the decline of kidney function and development of cardiovascular complications. We discuss the impact of mitochondrial alterations and dysfunction, a pathogenic role for hyperuricemia, and disturbances of vitamin D metabolism and signal transduction. Recent antioxidant therapy options including the use of vitamin D and pharmacologic therapies for hyperuricemia are discussed. Finally, we review some new therapy options in diabetic nephropathy including antidiabetic agents (noninsulin dependent), plant antioxidants, and food components as alternative antioxidant therapies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Vitamin D3Supplementation on Mechanisms of Cell Calcium Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Lajdova ◽  
Viera Spustova ◽  
Adrian Oksa ◽  
Zuzana Kaderjakova ◽  
Dusan Chorvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Calcium Entry ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Calcium ◽  
Crac Channels ◽  
The Impact

Intracellular calcium concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is significantly increased, and the regulatory mechanisms maintaining cellular calcium homeostasis are impaired. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of vitaminD3on predominant regulatory mechanisms of cell calcium homeostasis. The study involved 16 CKD stages 2-3 patients with vitamin D deficiency treated with cholecalciferol 7000–14000 IU/week for 6 months. The regulatory mechanisms of calcium signaling were studied in PBMCs and red blood cells. After vitaminD3supplementation, serum concentration of 25(OH)D3increased (P<0.001) and[Ca2+]idecreased (P<0.001). The differences in[Ca2+]iwere inversely related to differences in 25(OH)D3concentration (P<0.01). VitaminD3supplementation decreased the calcium entry through calcium release activated calcium (CRAC) channels and purinergic P2X7channels. The function of P2X7receptors was changed in comparison with their baseline status, and the expression of these receptors was reduced. There was no effect of vitaminD3on P2X7pores and activity of plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases. VitaminD3supplementation had a beneficial effect on[Ca2+]idecreasing calcium entry via CRAC and P2X7channels and reducing P2X7receptors expression.

scholarly journals The impact of HIV on chronic kidney disease outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1380-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Choi ◽  
R.A. Rodriguez ◽  
P. Bacchetti ◽  
D. Bertenthal ◽  
P.A. Volberding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Egg Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Tallman ◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Tilakavati Karupaiah ◽  
Pramod Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
The Impact

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often instructed to adhere to a renal-specific diet depending on the severity and stage of their kidney disease. The prescribed diet may limit certain nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium, or encourage the consumption of others, such as high biological value (HBV) proteins. Eggs are an inexpensive, easily available and high-quality source of protein, as well as a rich source of leucine, an essential amino acid that plays a role in muscle protein synthesis. However, egg yolk is a concentrated source of both phosphorus and the trimethylamine N-oxide precursor, choline, both of which may have potentially harmful effects in CKD. The yolk is also an abundant source of cholesterol which has been extensively studied for its effects on lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Efforts to reduce dietary cholesterol to manage dyslipidemia in dialysis patients (already following a renal diet) have not been shown to offer additional benefit. There is a paucity of data regarding the impact of egg consumption on lipid profiles of CKD patients. Additionally, egg consumption has not been associated with the risk of developing CKD based on epidemiological studies. The egg yolk also contains bioactive compounds, including lutein, zeaxanthin, and vitamin D, which may confer health benefits in CKD patients. Here we review research on egg intake and CKD, discuss both potential contraindications and favorable effects of egg consumption, and describe the need for further research examining egg intake and outcomes in the CKD and end-stage renal disease population.

Association of age with risk of major depression among patients with chronic kidney disease over midlife: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Feng Chen ◽  
Yu-Huei Chien ◽  
Pau-Chung Chen ◽  
I-Jen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:The impact of age on the development of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stages before dialysis is not well known. We aimed to explore the incidence of major depression among predialysis CKD patients of successively older ages through midlife.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the longitudinal health insurance database 2005 in Taiwan. This study investigated 17,889 predialysis CKD patients who were further categorized into study (i.e. middle and old-aged) groups and comparison group aged 18–44. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was applied for coding diseases.Results:The group aged 75 and over had the lowest (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.69) risk of developing major depression, followed by the group aged 65–74 (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49–0.92), using the comparison group as reference. The adjusted survival curves showed significant differences in cumulative major depression-free survival between different age groups. We observed that the risk of major depression development decreases with higher age. Females were at a higher risk of major depression than males among predialyasis CKD patients.Conclusions:The incidence of major depression declines with higher age in predialysis CKD patients over midlife. Among all age groups, patients aged 75 and over have the lowest risk of developing major depression. A female preponderance in major depression development is present. We suggest that depression prevention and therapy should be integrated into the standard care for predialysis CKD patients, especially for those young and female.

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