scholarly journals Comparison of the Effect of Amaranth Oil vs. Rapeseed Oil on Selected Atherosclerosis Markers in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Cross-Over Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8540
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jamka ◽  
Anna Morawska ◽  
Patrycja Krzyżanowska-Jankowska ◽  
Joanna Bajerska ◽  
Juliusz Przysławski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Amaranth Oil ◽  
Positive Effect

It is well known that rapeseed oil improves lipid profile and has antiatherosclerotic properties. Recently, amaranth oil has also become popular due to its potential health benefits. However, the effect of this oil on atherosclerosis markers in humans is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of amaranth and rapeseed oils on selected atherosclerosis-related parameters in overweight and obese subjects. In this randomized cross-over study, 44 subjects were instructed to consume 20 mL of amaranth oil and rapeseed oil during two consecutive three-week intervention periods separated by a washout period of the same duration as the intervention. The outcome variables included changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, adiponectin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, apolipoproteins (Apo) A1, B and E as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis markers. Compared to rapeseed oil, amaranth oil had a slight positive effect on adiponectin levels (mean (95% confidence interval): 0.55 (0.22–0.89) vs. -0.29 (−0.75–0.16), p = 0.0002) but negatively affected ApoB concentrations (0.05 (−0.01–0.11) vs. 0.03 (−0.07–0.00), p = 0.0004) and ApoB/A1 ratio (0.01 (−0.03–0.05) vs. −0.02 (−0.04–0.00), p = 0.0113). No differences between the other analyzed parameters were observed. In conclusion, amaranth oil does not have a greater beneficial effect on atherosclerosis markers than rapeseed oil. However, further studies with a longer intervention period are needed. The study was retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register within the number: DRKS00014046, date of registration: 3 May 2018.

scholarly journals Obesity — a genetic disease of adipose tissue?

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (S1) ◽  
pp. S9-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Arner
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Obesity Genes ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Although the rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity in many countries suggests that environmental factors (mainly overeating and physical inactivity) play the most important role in the development of overweight, it is very likely that genetic factors also contribute. It appears that one major gene in combination with one or several minor genes constitute the genetic components behind excess accumulation of body fat in most obese individuals. However, monogenic obesity has been described in a few families due to changes in leptin, leptin receptor, prohormone convertase, pro-opiomelanocortin or melanocortin-4 receptor. None of the monogenic variants is of great importance for common human obesity; the latter genes are unknown so far. Results from genomic scans suggest that major obesity genes are located on chromosomes 2, 10, 11 and 20. Studies of candidate genes indicate that the minor obesity genes control important functions of adipose tissue, and that structural variance in these genes may alter adipose tissue function in a way that promotes obesity. Such genes are β2- and β3-adrenoceptors, hormone-sensitive lipase, tumour necrosis factor alpha, uncoupling protein-1, low-density lipoprotein receptor, and peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma-2. Some of these genes may promote obesity by gene–gene interactions (for example β3-adrenoceptors and uncoupling protein-1) or gene–environment interactions (for example β2-adrenoceptors and physical activity). Some are important for obesity only among women (for example β2- and β3-adrenoceptors, low-density lipoprotein receptor and tumour necrosis factor alpha). Few ‘non-adipose’ genes have so far shown a firm association to common human obesity, which could suggest that the important genes for the development of excess body fat also control adipose tissue function.

scholarly journals Amaranth Oil Increases Total and LDL Cholesterol Levels without Influencing Early Markers of Atherosclerosis in an Overweight and Obese Population: A Randomized Double-Blind Cross-Over Study in Comparison with Rapeseed Oil Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3069
Author(s):  
Monika Dus-Zuchowska ◽  
Jaroslaw Walkowiak ◽  
Anna Morawska ◽  
Patrycja Krzyzanowska-Jankowska ◽  
Anna Miskiewicz-Chotnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Amaranth Oil ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Background: Atherosclerosis (AT) is a chronic inflammatory process in which oxidative stress is the key event. Amaranth oil (AmO) has potential hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic effects. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of AmO and rapeseed oil (RaO) supplementation on expression of early markers of AT and lipid profile in obese or overweight subjects. Methods: A randomized, double-blinded cross-over study was conducted, in which participants took 20 mL of AmO in the first arm and 20 mL RaO in the second arm, switching after the washout period. Serum concentrations of adhesion molecules (sP-selectin, sVCAM-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and lipid profile were assessed before and after nutritional interventions. In addition, anthropometric parameters were measured. Results: The total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations increased significantly in the AmO group in comparison with RaO (ΔTC 5.52 ± 35 vs. −8.43 ± 17.65 mg/dL; p = 0.002 and 4.43 ± 34.96 vs. −7.55 ± 16.41 mg/dL; p = 0.002, respectively). There were no significant differences in other parameters analyzed between the groups. Conclusion: The use of AmO instead of RaO may increase cardiovascular risk in obese and overweight subjects.

The relationship between adenovirus-36 seropositivity, obesity and metabolic profile in Turkish children and adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 3550-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KARAMESE ◽  
U. ALTOPARLAK ◽  
A. TURGUT ◽  
S. AYDOGDU ◽  
S. AKSAK KARAMESE
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Adenovirus 36 ◽  
Necrosis Factor

SUMMARYObesity potentially arising from viral infection is known as ‘infectobesity’. The latest reports suggest that adenovirus-36 (Adv36) is related to obesity in adults and children. Our aim was not only to determine the Adv36 seropositivity in both obese and non-obese children and adults, but also to investigate correlations between antibody positivity and serum lipid profiles. Both Adv36 positivity and tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha, leptin and interleukin-6 levels were detected in blood samples collected from 146 children and 130 adults by ELISA. Fasting plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were also measured. Adv36 positivity was determined to be 27·1% and 6% in obese and non-obese children and 17·5% and 4% in obese and non-obese adults, respectively. There was no difference with regard to total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels (P> 0·05). However, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of leptin levels (P< 0·05). We determined the prevalence of Adv36 positivity in obese children and adults. Our results showed that Adv36 may be an obesity agent for both adults and children, parallel with current literature data. However, the available data on a possible relationship between Adv36 infection and obesity both in children and adults do not completely solve the problem.

scholarly journals Correlation of Small Dense Low Density Lipoprotein, Tumour Necrosis Factor - alpha with Liver Enzymes in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Isaac Oluwole Adediji ◽  
Adeolu Sunday Oluremi ◽  
Ayodele Ademola Adelakun ◽  
Paul Olusegun Adepoju ◽  
Dominion Akingbade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Aim: This study investigated the relationship between small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in chronic hepatitis B patients. Duration of Study: June 2018- March 2019. Subjects and Methods: Sixty (60) participants were recruited for this cross sectional study. They comprised thirty (30) clinically diagnosed chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients attending clinic at a tertiary hospital in Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria. Thirty (30) apparently healthy volunteers were recruited as control subjects after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Anthropometric measurements were performed using standard method. About 6mL of venous blood was collected from each study participant, serum was extracted and kept at -80oC until time of analysis. Small dense LDL, TNF-α, AST, ALT and ALP were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetric method as appropriate. Data analysis was done using Student’s t-test for comparison of variables and Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between variables. P–value less than 0.05 was considered significant.   Results: SdLDL, TNF-α, AST and ALT were significantly elevated in HBV patients when compared with the control subjects (P<0.05). SdLDL had a significant positive correlation with TNF-α (P=0.03), AST (P=0.01), ALT (P=0.00). TNF-α had a significant positive correlation with AST (P=0.02) and ALT (P=0.00). Conclusion: This study revealed a noteworthy positive relationship between sdLDL, TNF-α and hepatic aminotransferases in chronic hepatitis B patients.

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