Exploring Treatment for Depression in Parkinson’s Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Depression is a highly prevalent, often underrecognized and undertreated comorbidity of Parkinson’s disease closely correlated to health-related quality of life. National trends in depression care for patients with Parkinson’s disease are not well documented. This paper identifies a cohort of patients with Parkinson’s disease from nationally representative survey data and analyzes trends in depression care. Using data from the 2005–2006 through 2015–2016 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), individuals were classified as Parkinson’s patients by reported medication use. PHQ-9 scores were used to identify individuals screening positive for depression. A composite treatment variable examined the reported use of mental health services and antidepressant medication. Survey participants with probable PD screened positive for depression, reported the use of antidepressant medication, and reported visits to mental health services more frequently than the control group. Survey participants with PD who screened positive for depression were more likely to report limitations in physical functioning due to an emotional problem than controls. While depression is highly prevalent among individuals with Parkinson’s disease, they are more likely to receive any treatment. Further research is required to investigate differences in patterns of treatment, contributing factors of emotions to limitations in physical functioning, and appropriate interventions.

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A Theory-Driven Intervention and Evaluation to Explore Family Caregiver Empowerment

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders ◽

10.1177/106342669700500306 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 184-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Craig Anne Heflinger ◽

Leonard Bickman ◽

Denine Northrup ◽

Susan Sonnichsen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Group Intervention ◽

Service Providers ◽

Control Group ◽

Parent Group ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Intermediate Outcomes ◽

Two Factors

The conceptualization, development, implementation, and evaluation of the Family Empowerment Project are described in this article. A multicomponent parent training curriculum was designed, incorporating three components: knowledge about the service system; skills with which to interact with the system; and mental health services efficacy, or improved and optimistic attitudes of efficacy and intention to collaborate actively with service providers in securing appropriate treatment for their children. An experimental design was used to test the efficacy of this model with caregivers of children receiving mental health services (n = 250), randomly assigned to the parent group curriculum or a no-treatment control group. Intermediate outcomes of the project at a 3-month follow-up were assessed. The parent group intervention was found to significantly affect two factors that appear crucial to increasing caregiver empowerment: knowledge of the mental health services system and mental health services efficacy.

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Some Aspects of Family Interventions in Schizophrenia. II: Financial Considerations

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.159.4.481 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 159 (4) ◽

pp. 481-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Nicholas Tarrier ◽

Karen Lowson ◽

Christine Barrowclough

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Expressed Emotion ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Family Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

The Family ◽

Patient Groups ◽

Mean Cost

The direct costs to the mental health services for patients who participated in a trial of a behavioural family intervention to reduce schizophrenic relapse were estimated. Comparisons were made between two patient groups from households of high expressed emotion (HEE): one group received a nine-month family intervention (HEE Intervention) and the other group routine treatment (HEE Control). A third group consisted of patients from low-EE households (LEE Control). The significant decrease in relapse rates in the HEE Intervention group compared with the HEE Control group has previously been reported; the analysis of costs indicates that any increase in costs due to the family intervention is outweighed by a decrease in usage of the established mental health services. The intervention resulted in a decrease of 27% in mean cost per patient.

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Assessing the Feasibility of a Web-based Outcome Measurement System in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services: myHealthE (MHE) a Randomised Controlled Feasibility Pilot Study

10.1101/2021.10.07.21264418 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Charlotte Morris ◽

Zina Ibrahim ◽

Margaret Heslin ◽

Omer S Moghraby ◽

Argyris Stringaris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Adolescent Mental Health ◽

Child And Adolescent ◽

Control Group ◽

Web Based ◽

Phone Calls ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Randomised Controlled

Background: Interest in internet-based patient reported outcome measure (PROM) collection is increasing. The NHS myHealthE (MHE) web-based monitoring system was developed to address the limitations of paper-based PROM completion. MHE provides a simple and secure way for families accessing Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services to report clinical information and track their childs progress. This study aimed to assess whether MHE improves the completion of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) compared with paper collection. Secondary objectives were to explore caregiver satisfaction and application acceptability. Methods: A twelve-week single-blinded randomised controlled feasibility pilot trial of MHE was conducted with 196 families accessing neurodevelopmental services in south London to examine whether electronic questionnaires are completed more readily than paper-based questionnaires over a 3-month period. Follow up process evaluation phone calls with a subset (n=8) of caregivers explored system satisfaction and usability. Results: MHE group assignment was significantly associated with an increased probability of completing an SDQ-P in the study period (adjusted hazard ratio, (HR) 12.1, 95% CI 4.7-31.0; p= <0.001). Of those caregivers who received the MHE invitation (n=68) 69.1% completed an SDQ using the platform compared to 8.8% in the control group (n=68). The system was well received by caregivers, who cited numerous benefits of using MHE, for example, real time feedback and ease of completion. Conclusions: MHE holds promise for improving PROM completion rates. Research is needed to refine MHE, evaluate large scale MHE implementation, cost effectiveness and explore factors associated with differences in electronic questionnaire uptake.

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Recent developments in the treatment of major depressive disorder in children and adolescents

Evidence-Based Mental Health ◽

10.1136/eb-2018-102937 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 101-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Haseena Hussain ◽

Bernadka Dubicka ◽

Paul Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Young People ◽

Health Services ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Antidepressant Medication ◽

Child And Adolescent ◽

Psychological Interventions ◽

Major Depressive

Major depressive disorder in adolescents is an important public health concern. It is common, a risk factor for suicide and is associated with adverse psychosocial consequences. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines recommend that children and young people with moderate-to-severe depression should be seen within Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and receive specific psychological interventions, possibly in combination with antidepressant medication. Cognitive behavioural therapy (in some studies) and interpersonal psychotherapy have been demonstrated to be more effective than active control treatments for depressed adolescents. For children with depression, there is some evidence that family focused approaches are more effective than individual therapy. Fluoxetine is the antidepressant with the greatest evidence for effectiveness compared with placebo. Treatment with antidepressants and/or psychological therapy is likely to reduce suicidality, although in some young people, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors lead to increased suicidality. There is limited evidence that combination of specific psychological therapy and antidepressant medication is better than treatment with monotherapy. There are methodological limitations in the published literature that make it difficult to relate study findings to the more severely ill clinical population in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. Young people should have access to both evidence-based psychological interventions and antidepressants for paediatric depression. Collaborative decisions on treatment should be made jointly by young people, their carers and clinicians, taking into account individual circumstances and potential benefits, risks and availability of treatment.

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Evaluating the effects of community treatment orders (CTOs) in England using the Mental Health Services Dataset (MHSDS): protocol for a national, population-based study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024193 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e024193 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Scott Weich ◽

Craig Duncan ◽

Kamaldeep Bhui ◽

Alastair Canaway ◽

David Crepaz-Keay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Data Access ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Treatment ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Control Group ◽

Advisory Group ◽

Community Treatment Orders

IntroductionSupervised community treatment (SCT) for people with serious mental disorders has become accepted practice in many countries around the world. In England, SCT was adopted in 2008 in the form of community treatment orders (CTOs). CTOs have been used more than expected, with significant variations between people and places. There is conflicting evidence about the effectiveness of SCT; studies based on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have suggested few positive impacts, while those employing observational designs have been more favourable. Robust population-based studies are needed, because of the ethical challenges of undertaking further RCTs and because variation across previous studies may reflect the effects of sociospatial context on SCT outcomes. We aim to examine spatial and temporal variation in the use, effectiveness and cost of CTOs in England through the analysis of routine administrative data.Methods and analysisFour years of data from the Mental Health Services Dataset (MHSDS) will be analysed using multilevel models. Models based on all patients eligible for CTOs will be used to explore variation in their use. A subset of CTO-eligible patients comprising a treatment group (CTO patients) and a matched control group (non-CTO patients) will be used to examine variation in the association between CTO use and study outcomes. Primary outcome will be total time in hospital. Secondary outcomes will include time to first readmission and mortality. Outputs from these models will be used to populate predictive models of healthcare resource use.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by the National Health Service Data Access and Advisory Group and Warwick University. To ensure patient confidentiality and to meet data governance requirements, analyses will be carried out in a secure microdata laboratory using de-identified data. Study findings will be disseminated through academic channels and shared with mental health policy-makers and other stakeholders.

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Emotional management training in residential mental health services

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2107 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S569-S569

Author(s):

A. Vaccaro ◽

V. Fusco ◽

F. Manfrin ◽

E. Forte ◽

G. Petagine

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Management Training ◽

Control Group ◽

Core Element ◽

Emotional Management ◽

Clinical Control

A core element for the treatment of psychiatric patients in mental health services is the Psychosocial Rehabilitation. In this work we mainly refer to a training whose targets are fundamental components of the Emotional Intelligence (EI), which is, according to the original Salovey and Mayer's definition (1990), “a set of skills hypothesized to contribute to the accurate appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself and in others, the effective regulation of emotion in self and others, and the use of feelings to motivate, plan, and achieve in one's life”.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Emotional Management Training and to compare our emotional management assessment to standardized emotional intelligence assessment instruments.Twenty adult inpatients (from 18 to 55 years of age) were enrolled: ten subjects were assigned to a one year lasting emotional management training (clinical target group) and ten subjects were assigned to a clinical control group; furthermore twenty subjects were selected and assigned to a non-clinical control group. Outcome measures were: emotional management assessment, Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).Emotional management assessment outcomes confirm the efficacy of emotional management training. Preliminary results also confirm the effectiveness of the assessment compared to standardized emotional intelligence scales.Emotional management training improves psychiatric patient competence in terms of: emotions definition and acknowledgement, self-emotion identification, self-emotion sharing, management of stressing situation and intense emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Prevalence of and Severity of Depression among Parkinson Disease Patients

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i830470 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 110-118

Author(s):

Ugbomah Lucy Ohoreorovwori ◽

Stanley Princewill Chukwuemeka ◽

Adiukwu Frances ◽

Osemwegie NosakhareOsemwegie Nosakhare

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Severity Of Depression

Background: The objectives of the study were to determine prevalence and severity of depression among patients with Parkinson’s diseaseand compare with a control group that has comparable disability with PD and ascertain the correlation of depressive symptoms severity with the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Neurology clinic of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH).The presence and severity of depression in patients with PD measured using Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) and severity of PD using Unified Parkinson’s DiseaseRating Scale (UPDRS)-motor. Results: A total of 40 PD patients and 40 patients with non-complicated hypertension werestudied. This study showed that the prevalence of depression among subjects with Parkinson’s disease was significantly higher 72.5% as compared with control group, further comparing the mean BDI for PD and Hypertension using independent t-test shows statistical significance (t=-3.306, p-value< 0.001). However, there is no significant difference between the severity of depression among PD patients and control. The study also reported difference in the pattern of depressive symptoms as the PD progresses. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in this study was significantly higher (72.5%) among patients with PD, with no significant difference in severity of depression. however, the pattern of depressive symptoms shows significant difference as PD progresses.We recommend the integration of mental health services into the care of Parkinson’s disease to ensure regular assessment of their mental health status and prompt treatment.

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