scholarly journals Individual and COVID-19-Specific Indicators of Compliance with Mask Use and Social Distancing: The Importance of Norms, Perceived Effectiveness and State Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8715
Author(s):  
Jordan Gette ◽  
Angela Stevens ◽  
Andrew Littlefield ◽  
Kerri Hayes ◽  
Helene White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
State Response ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Early Implementation ◽  
Response Timing ◽  
At Home

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has resulted in widespread negative outcomes. Face masks and social distancing have been used to minimize its spread. Understanding who will engage in protective behaviors is crucial for continued response to the pandemic. We aimed to evaluate factors that are indicative of mask use and social distancing among current and former college students prior to vaccine access. Participants (N = 490; 67% female; 60% White) were current and former U.S. undergraduate college students. Perceived effectiveness and descriptive norms regarding COVID-19 safety measures, COVID-19-related news watching and seeking, state response timing to stay-at-home mandates, impulsivity-like traits, affect (mood), and demographic variables were assessed. Results found that greater perceived effectiveness indicated increased personal compliance within and across behaviors. Greater norms related to compliance within behaviors (e.g., indoor norms related to indoor compliance). Increased perceived stress, anxiety, and negative affect indicated greater compliance. More positive affect was associated with less compliance. Being non-White, compared to White (p < 0.001), and female, compared to male (p < 0.001), were associated with greater compliance. Overall, early implementation of stay-at-home orders, exposure to COVID-19-related news, and increased perceived effectiveness are crucial for health safety behavior compliance. Findings are important for informing response to health crises, including COVID-19.

LGBTQ+ College Students’ Engagement in COVID-Protective and COVID-Risk Behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 216769682110393
Author(s):  
S. E. Lawrence ◽  
T. L. Walters ◽  
A. N. Clark ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
V. Hanna-Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Political Liberalism ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
At Home

Characteristics of emerging adulthood may make college students less likely to engage in COVID-protective behaviors, a public health concern given that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) students may be particularly vulnerable to complications related to COVID-19. To identify individual and contextual factors related to COVID-protective behaviors among a sample of LGBTQ+ college students in the United States, we examined differences in COVID-protective and -risk behaviors by gender identity, living arrangement, statewide stay at home orders, and political liberalism of the student’s current state. Although engagement in COVID-protective behaviors was high overall, students who identified as men, did not live with a parent, lived in a state without a stay at home order, and/or lived in a less liberal state engaged in fewer COVID-protective behaviors and more frequent COVID-risk behaviors. Findings underscore the importance of clear public health messaging around COVID-protective behaviors that targets especially vulnerable college students.

Mobility Dynamics amid COVID-19 with a Case Study in Tennessee

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110631
Author(s):  
Nima Hoseinzadeh ◽  
Yangsong Gu ◽  
Hairuilong Zhang ◽  
Lee D. Han ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
At Home

The year 2020 has marked the spread of a global pandemic, COVID-19, challenging many aspects of our daily lives. Different organizations have been involved in controlling this outbreak. The social distancing intervention is deemed to be the most effective policy in reducing face-to-face contact and slowing down the rate of infections. Stay-at-home and shelter-in-place orders have been implemented in different states and cities, affecting daily traffic patterns. Social distancing interventions and fear of the disease resulted in a traffic decline in cities and counties. However, after stay-at-home orders ended and some public places reopened, traffic gradually started to revert to pre-pandemic levels. It can be shown that counties have diverse patterns in the decline and recovery phases. This study analyzes county-level mobility change after the pandemic, explores the contributing factors, and identifies possible spatial heterogeneity. To this end, 95 counties in Tennessee have been selected as the study area to perform geographically weighted regressions (GWR) models. The results show that density on non-freeway roads, median household income, percent of unemployment, population density, percent of people over age 65, percent of people under age 18, percent of work from home, and mean time to work are significantly correlated with vehicle miles traveled change magnitude in both decline and recovery phases. Also, the GWR estimation captures the spatial heterogeneity and local variation in coefficients among counties. Finally, the results imply that the recovery phase could be estimated depending on the identified spatial attributes. The proposed model can help agencies and researchers estimate and manage decline and recovery based on spatial factors in similar events in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of US college students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Lee ◽  
Matthew Solomon ◽  
Tej Stead ◽  
Bryan Kwon ◽  
Latha Ganti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Low Income ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background/aim In the beginning of 2020, the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, became a public health emergency in the U.S. and rapidly escalated into a global pandemic. Because the SARS-CoV-2 virus is highly contagious, physical distancing was enforced and indoor public spaces, including schools and educational institutions, were abruptly closed and evacuated to ensure civilian safety. Accordingly, educational institutions rapidly transitioned to remote learning. We investigated the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic U.S. college students, ages 18–24 years. Methods Through Pollfish®’s survey research platform, we collected data from 200 domestic U.S. college students in this age range (N = 200) regarding the physical, emotional, and social impacts of COVID-19 as well as key background information (e.g. whether or not they are first-generation or if they identify with the LGBTQIA+ community). Results Our results indicate that students closer to graduating faced increases in anxiety (60.8%), feeling of loneliness (54.1%), and depression (59.8%). Many reported worries for the health of loved ones most impacted their mental health status (20.0%), and the need to take care of family most affected current and future plans (31.8%). Almost one-half of students took to exercising and physical activity to take care of their mental health (46.7%). While a third did not have strained familial relationships (36.5%), almost one half did (45.7%). A majority found it harder to complete the semester at home (60.9%), especially among those who had strained relationships with family (34.1%). Seventy percent spent time during the pandemic watching television shows or movies. Significantly more men, first-generation, and low-income students gained beneficial opportunities in light of the pandemic, whereas their counterparts reported no impact. First-generation students were more likely to take a gap year or time off from school. Conclusions Although students found ways to take care of themselves and spent more time at home, the clear negative mental health impacts call for schools and federal regulations to accommodate, support, and make mental health care accessible to all students.

scholarly journals Personality Traits, Risk Perception, and Protective Behaviors of Arab residents of Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kamal Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
At Home

During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, people in Qatar—similar to most countries globally—were instructed by health authorities to adopt protective behaviors to avoid infection. One of these behaviors is social distancing, which is influenced by diverse variables. Using data from an online survey with 405 responses, this study performed multiple regression analysis to explore effects of personality, risk perception, and personal hygiene practices on social distancing among residents of Qatar. The results showed that 87.3% of participants reported that they preferred to stay at home and not go outside unless necessary, 60.3% said that they maintain an adequate distance when communicating with others, 68.6% reported that they do not allow relatives and friends to visit them at home, 73.5% believed that COVID-19 is a dangerous disease, and 95.8% reported that they embrace personal hygiene practices and washing hands. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis showed that conscientiousness, neuroticism, risk perception, and personal hygiene practices predicted social distancing, with moderate effect sizes. Gender differences were also found in social distancing practices, indicating that women reported higher engagement in social distancing practices than men. These results highlighted the importance of individual differences in reacting to the COVID-19 pandemic and provide important information about the predictors of social distancing practices.

scholarly journals Model Asuhan Keluarga Kristen di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Albet Saragih ◽  
Johanes Waldes Hasugian
Keyword(s):  
Family Education ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Christian Parenting ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Home Work ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

This paper is the result of an analysis of the practical situation of family education in the Christian community in the midst of a global pandemic. When the government has to limit its citizens to stay at home, stay at home, work from home, social distancing, wear masks, wash their hands; then all of this has an impact on difficulties for families. Children learn distance (online) from home. It is the parents who play a bigger role in learning, the burden on teachers and schools is increasingly formalized. Christian parents face formidable challenges in realizing their vocation and role in today's situation. Based on the research conducted, various efforts should be made by Christian parents in terms of Christian parenting during the Covid-19 pandemic, including Restoration of initial love, which is rooted in the love relationship between husband and wife that has been blessed by God and restoration of love with God, restoration of an initial love for children, proven patience, preparation of good nutrition for all family members, and continuing to share love, as a model of exemplary care for children. This paper was written using a descriptive method, namely through the use of literature or literature sources, especially with regard to the parenting style of Christian’s parents during the pandemic. Abstrak: Tulisan ini adalah hasil analisis terhadap situasi praktis pendidikan keluarga komunitas kristiani di tengah pandemi melanda dunia. Ketika pemerintah harus membatasi warganya untuk tinggal di rumah saja, stay at home, work from home, social distancing, harus pakai masker, cuci tangan; maka semua ini berdampak kesulitan bagi para keluarga. Anak-anak belajar jarak jauh (online) dari rumah. Orang tualah yang lebih banyak berperan dalam pembelajaran, beban guru dan sekolah semakin terporalisasi. Para orang tua Kristen menghadapi tantangan berat dalam mewujudkan panggilan dan perannya dalam situasi seperti sekarang ini. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka ditemukanlah berbagai upaya yang hendaknya dilakukan oleh orang tua Kristen dalam hal pengasuhan yang kristiani di saat pandemi covid-19, antara lain: Pemulihan kasih mula-mula, yang berakar pada dasar hubungan kasih suami-istri yang sudah diberkati Tuhan dan pemulihan kasih dengan Tuhan, Pemulihan kasih mula-mula terhadap anak, Kesabaran yang teruji, Penyiapan gizi yang baik buat semua anggota keluarga, dan tetap berbagi kasih, sebagai model asuhan keteladanan bagi anak-anak. Tulisan ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, yaitu melalui pemanfaatan sumber literatur atau pustaka, khususnya berkenaan dengan pola asuh orang tua Kristsen di masa pandemi.

scholarly journals The Effects of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stress, Eating, Weight, Sleep, and Physical Activity in College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 210-210
Author(s):  
Mariana Calle ◽  
Jaime Vallejos ◽  
Manuel Cifuentes ◽  
Cheryl Hersperger ◽  
Sue Foo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives Measures implemented due to the CoVID-19 pandemic, may have affected stress-induced sleep disturbances and food cravings. This study aims to evaluate: 1) perceptions on how social distancing due to CoVID-19 affected stress, sleep, dietary habits and physical activity (PA) patterns in female vs. male college students; 2) perceived factors associated with self-reported weight changes during the initial months of social distancing. Methods Cross-sectional. Online anonymous survey administered using a social network site as the main data collection tool in a period from June to August 2020. Questionnaire was framed to retrospectively recall the first phase of social distancing measures. Results College students (n = 575); majority 18-24 y, 80% women, 14% men, 1.3% transgender and 2% non-binary; 76% White, 10% Hispanic/Latino, 7% African American, 5% Asian & 6% Multiracial. Of the 575 participants, 36% reported overeating and 34% an increase in weight. Under exercise was reported in 31% of participants and 40% decreased their sleep during the initial months of social distancing. Regarding mental health, 37% reported having high levels of anxiety, and 61% reported a decreased sense of happiness. Fifty-five reported feeling high levels of stress at home and 64% reported stress due to schoolwork. A higher proportion of women reported higher levels of uncertainty (p = 0.002), anxiety (p = 0.042), stress at home (p = 0.046), changes in mood (p = 0.01) and changes in eating (0.014). There were no differences among gender responses for changes in sleep, weight, loneliness, exercise and school work related stress. Self-reported weight gain was associated with changes in exercise for 54% (P &lt; 0.0001). Changes in mood for 73% (P = 0.002), overall changes in sleep 78% (P = 0.002) and changes in eating for 82% (P = 0.002) of the responders. Weight change was associated with uncertainty (P = 0.023), anxiety (P &lt; 0.001) and stress levels at home (P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions In this non-representative US sample, most college students reported high levels of stress and decreased happiness, with women affected at higher levels. It can be hypothesized that long term disaster responses using social distancing, should address stress management, PA, sleep and eating habits for age college students to maintain a healthy weight. Funding Sources Worcester State University Advancement Office

“I stay at work for you, you stay at home for us.” Does this Covid-19 campaign work for the youth in Asia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Jappy Fanggidae ◽  
Ridolof Batilmurik ◽  
Pieter Samadara
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
At Home

This study investigated the relationship between guilt appeal and compliance with social distancing measures. We proposed that the relationship is double mediated by empathy and responsibility for the unfortunate people who have suffered from COVID-19. This research is novel to an extent as an experimental method is used in the Asian context. The results exhibited that guilt positively affected compliance with social distancing measures. The respondents were directly or indirectly compliant due to the emotions of empathy and responsibility. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study were presented.

A Brief outlook on possible available solutions, therapies and suggestions for COVID-19

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Saxena Pal ◽  
Yogendra Pal ◽  
Pranay Wal ◽  
Ankita Wal ◽  
Nikita Saraswat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Antiviral Compounds ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Hiv Drugs

Background: WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. New cases are being added every day, as the case count in United States are to the maximum. No drugs or biologics are yet found to be effective for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19. Objective: To discuss the possibilities of available treatments available. Materials & Methods: Brief out-look is undertaken over the past issues available over the similar situations occurred with respect to the current scenario and prospectives. Results: There can be various possibilities in form of convalescent plasma therapy. The known drugs as HIV drugs, antimalarial medicines and antiviral compounds can serve as suggestive option. Conclusion: Till a confirm medicine or vaccine is sorted out for Covid-19, we need to take natural immune-boosters, along with precautionary steps, social distancing and other preventions as instructed for the benefit of everyone with an optimistic mind and attitude.

scholarly journals Stay-at-home orders, social distancing, and trust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Brodeur ◽  
Idaliya Grigoryeva ◽  
Lamis Kattan
Keyword(s):  
Social Distancing ◽  
At Home
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