scholarly journals Impact of Different Aquatic Exercise Programs on Body Composition, Functional Fitness and Cognitive Function of Non-Institutionalized Elderly Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8963
Author(s):  
Carlos Farinha ◽  
Ana Maria Teixeira ◽  
João Serrano ◽  
Hélder Santos ◽  
Maria João Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Aquatic physical exercise programs have become progressively more popular among elderly people. Some of the major physical exercise program disadvantages on land are minimized due to the specific properties of the aquatic environment. The purpose of the present randomized controlled study is to verify the effects of different aquatic physical exercise programs on body composition, functional fitness and cognitive function in non-institutionalized elderly people. For this study, 102 elderly individuals were randomly allocated into four different groups: AerG (n = 25, 71.44 ± 4.84 years); IntG (n = 28, 72.64 ± 5.22 years); ComG (n = 29, 71.90 ± 5.67 years) and CG (n = 20, 73.60 ± 5.25 years). Individuals from the groups AerG, IntG and ComG participated in three different aquatic physical exercise programs for a period of 28 weeks. The CG participants kept to their usual routines. All participants were evaluated for body composition, functional fitness and cognitive function at two time moments, i.e., pre- (M1) and post-intervention (M2). Significant differences for body composition were found between M1 and M2 for FM (p < 0.001), LBM (p < 0.001) and WCir (p < 0.01) in the AerG, for BMI (p < 0.05), FM (p < 0.05), LBM (p < 0.001) and LCir-R (p < 0.05) in the IntG, and for WGT (p < 0.01), FM (p < 0.05), LBM (p < 0.01), LCir-R (p < 0.05) and LCir-L (p < 0.01) in the ComG groups. For functional fitness, differences were found between M1 and M2 for 2m-ST (p < 0.000), 30s-CS (p < 0.000), 30s-AC (p < 0.05), HG-T-R (p < 0.000) and HG-T-L (p < 0.000) in the AerG, for 2m-ST (p < 0.05), BS-R (p < 0.05), 30s-CS (p < 0.000), 30s-AC(p < 0.01), HG-T-R (p < 0.000) and HG-T-L (p < 0.000) in the IntG, and for 30s-CS (p < 0.000), HG-T-R (p < 0.000) and HG-T-L (p < 0.000) in the ComG groups. The present study evidenced the beneficial effects of physical exercise in an aquatic environment on body composition, functional fitness and cognitive function in non-institutionalized elderly adults. The ComG water-based exercise program showed more beneficial effects in the improvement of body composition and cognitive function variables, while the IntG and AerG programs were more effective in the improvement of functional fitness.

scholarly journals Systematic review of aquatic physical exercise programs on functional fitness in older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Fuentes-Lopez ◽  
Ruben Vidal-Espinoza ◽  
Fernando Alvear-Vasquez ◽  
Lucila Sanchez-Macedo ◽  
Dony Mamani Velasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Aquatic Exercise ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Pubmed Database

The practice of physical exercise is recommended in the prevention of the deterioration of neuromuscular functions in aging. The objectives of this systematic review were to describe the protocols used and the functional fitness indicators evaluated in aquatic exercise programs in adults aged 50 to 80 years. The Pubmed database was used. The keywords were: 1) Physical exercise program or protocols or duration or type of exercise or aquatic exercise, frequency or intensity or indicators; 2) Adults or older adults; 3) Training or indicators, functional fitness, physical fitness. The search strategy considered the components of the Population, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) tool. Nine experimental studies were identified. These studies developed protocols to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years. They were based on sessions of 2 to 5 per week, the work time per session was 30 to 60min, intensities varied between 50 to 95% and totaled between 4 to 24 weeks of intervention. The activities were based on aquatic gymnastic exercises aimed at muscular strengthening of the upper and lower extremities, as well as coordination, balance, agility, cycling and walking exercises submerged in water. The protocols developed to improve functional fitness in adults aged 50 to 80 years were based on general physical exercise prescription guidelines (frequency, duration, intensity and type of activity). The application of aquatic exercises based on gymnastic exercises can provoke positive responses on functional fitness if worked at least 2 to 5 times per week, 30 to 60min/day and at intensities of 50 to 95%. These systematized indicators can be used by professionals working with adults to create and promote aquatic programs to improve functional fitness.

scholarly journals Effects of physical exercise programs on cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease patients: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of the last 10 years

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0193113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele Cascaes da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo da Rosa Iop ◽  
Laiana Cândido de Oliveira ◽  
Alice Mathea Boll ◽  
José Gustavo Souza de Alvarenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Effects of ICT-based Multi-Cognition Program on Body Composition and Cognitive Function in Elder Adults: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du-Ri Kim ◽  
Seunghwan Song ◽  
Gwon-Min Kim ◽  
Jae Hyeok Chang ◽  
Young Jin Tak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Elder Adults

BACKGROUND Although the elderly have more time and exercise opportunities compared to other age groups, they tend to be inactive and passive towards exercise, resulting in low actual exercise rates. Furthermore, simple repetitive exercise programs fail to engage the elderly to continuously exercise because these programs do not induce their interest or meet their expectations. Meanwhile, information and communication technology (ICT)-based training devices for elderly care related to dementia are being developed to enhance the cognitive functions of elder adults. For elder adults who require bicycle training devices can not only improve muscle strength and balance of lower limbs by continuously contracting and relaxing lower-limb muscles but also improve cognitive function to help prevent dementia. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an information and communication technology (ICT)-based multi-cognition program on body composition and cognitive function in elder adults. METHODS In a randomized controlled intervention test on 20 people over the age of 60 (exercise group: n = 10; control: n = 10), the multi-cognition program was applied on the exercise group twice per week, once per day for 12 weeks, at 30 min per session, whereas the control group was advised to maintain their usual daily activities. RESULTS A comparison of changes in body composition and cognitive function before and after intervention exhibited statistically significant differences in skeletal muscle mass (P=.01) and modified Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale–cognitive score (P=.01) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS It can be difficult to be engaged in a simple repetitive exercise program. Therefore, to meet the interest and expectations of elder adults, a customized ICT-based multi-cognition program, which can improve body composition and cognitive function in elder adults and is believed to be helpful in the prevention of dementia, is recommended. CLINICALTRIAL UMIN000042129

Exercise, ageing and cognitive function - Effects of a personalized physical exercise program in the cognitive function of older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telmo Pereira ◽  
Inês Cipriano ◽  
Tatiana Costa ◽  
Marina Saraiva ◽  
Anabela Martins
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program

scholarly journals Gait Pattern, Impact to the Skeleton and Postural Balance in Overweight and Obese Children: A Review

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nili Steinberg ◽  
Dan Nemet ◽  
Michal Pantanowitz ◽  
Alon Eliakim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Biomechanical Factors

The article reviews the biomechanical factors that may cause overweight/obese children to reduce their level of physical activity, while increasing their risk of overuse injuries and exercise-related pain. Recommendations would be to screen those children for any gait or postural impairments before they join any exercise program, and to provide them with specific gait treatments and/or physical exercise programs, in order to decrease their risk for future musculoskeletal injuries and pain.

scholarly journals Aerobic Physical Exercise Improved the Cognitive Function of Elderly Males but Did Not Modify Their Blood Homocysteine Levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Karen M. Antunes ◽  
Marco Túlio De Mello ◽  
Valdir de Aquino Lemos ◽  
Ruth Ferreira Santos-Galduróz ◽  
Luciano Camargo Galdieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Background: Physical exercise influences homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations, cognitive function and the metabolic profile. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of regular physical exercise on Hcy levels, the metabolic profile and cognitive function in healthy elderly males before and after an endurance exercise program. Methods: Forty-five healthy and sedentary volunteers were randomized into 2 groups: (1) a control group asked not to change their normal everyday activities and not to start any regular physical exercise program and (2) an experimental group trained at a heart rate intensity corresponding to ventilatory threshold 1 (VT-1) for 60 min/day 3 times weekly on alternate days for 6 months using a cycle ergometer. All volunteers underwent cognitive evaluations, blood sample analyses and ergospirometric assessments. Results: A significant improvement in cognitive function was observed in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). No significant changes in Hcy levels were observed in the experimental group (p > 0.05), but there was a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption and workload at VT-1 as well as a significant improvement in cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, urea, T3, T4 and prostate-specific antigen compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The data suggest that a physical exercise program does not reduce Hcy levels in healthy elderly males, although it improves the cardiovascular and metabolic profile as well as cognitive function.

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