scholarly journals Aerobic Physical Exercise Improved the Cognitive Function of Elderly Males but Did Not Modify Their Blood Homocysteine Levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Karen M. Antunes ◽  
Marco Túlio De Mello ◽  
Valdir de Aquino Lemos ◽  
Ruth Ferreira Santos-Galduróz ◽  
Luciano Camargo Galdieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Regular Physical Exercise

Background: Physical exercise influences homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations, cognitive function and the metabolic profile. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of regular physical exercise on Hcy levels, the metabolic profile and cognitive function in healthy elderly males before and after an endurance exercise program. Methods: Forty-five healthy and sedentary volunteers were randomized into 2 groups: (1) a control group asked not to change their normal everyday activities and not to start any regular physical exercise program and (2) an experimental group trained at a heart rate intensity corresponding to ventilatory threshold 1 (VT-1) for 60 min/day 3 times weekly on alternate days for 6 months using a cycle ergometer. All volunteers underwent cognitive evaluations, blood sample analyses and ergospirometric assessments. Results: A significant improvement in cognitive function was observed in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). No significant changes in Hcy levels were observed in the experimental group (p > 0.05), but there was a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption and workload at VT-1 as well as a significant improvement in cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, urea, T3, T4 and prostate-specific antigen compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The data suggest that a physical exercise program does not reduce Hcy levels in healthy elderly males, although it improves the cardiovascular and metabolic profile as well as cognitive function.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Supplementation of Bovine Colostrum on the Immune System in Young Female Basketball Players. Randomized Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn ◽  
Mirosława Cieślicka ◽  
Hanna Dziewiecka ◽  
Sławomir Kujawski ◽  
Anita Marcinkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
System Function ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Experimental Group

An intensive physical exercise program could lead to a decrease in immune system function. Effects of long-term supplementation of bovine colostrum on the response of immune function on physical exercise test in athletes were examined. Twenty-seven elite female basketball players (age 16–19) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Eventually, n = 11 athletes completed intervention in the experimental group (3.2 g bovine colostrum orally twice a day for 24 weeks), while n = 9 athletes in the control group were given a placebo. Before the supplementation, after 3 and 6 months, subjects performed the physical exercise stress test. Before, just after, and 3 h after physical exercise testing, blood was drawn and immune system indicators were examined. Plasma interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, creatine kinase (CK MM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and WBC, lymphocyte (LYM), monocyte (MON), and granulocyte (GRA) were measured. A statistically significant change in IL-10 in response to the exercise program during the supplementation period in both groups was observed (p = 0.01). However, the results of the rest of the comparisons were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Contrary to our initial hypothesis, there were no significant effects of bovine supplementation on the dynamics of immune system function indicators.

scholarly journals PENGARUH METODE BRAIN GYM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGINGAT ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Syiva Nurul Ain ◽  
Arifah A Riyanto ◽  
Ririn Hunafa Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Posttest Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brain Gym ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Cell Network ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group

Early Childhood according to experts mention the golden age period, a time when the period is sensitive to good stimuli for its development. Any stimulation given to children and accepted by children will give birth to a new connection. The strength of a child's automatic brain cell network will spur aspects of a child's development to be more developed such as cognitive, social-emotional, creativity, language, and so on. Therefore, many programs are currently being developed which aim to stimulate an increase in cognitive function, one of which is Brain Gym. To find out the effect of the brain gym on an exercise program that focuses on specific physical activities to activate brain function, thereby increasing cognitive performance and making it easier to receive learning. This research is an experimental research with quassy experiment research design (quasi-experiment) with respondents as many as 32 respondents divided into two groups, namely, the experimental group (n = 16) and the control group (n = 16). The results showed that children in the brain gym experimental group had a higher posttest score of 44 than 32 points from the pretest value while the control group actually experienced a slight decline in the average value of 33 points lower in the posttest value of the experimental group. The results of the pretest t-test are 0.074, so the value is more than 0.05, meaning there is an increase in ability to remember. While it is seen that the significance value is 0.000, the significance is <0.05 so that H0 is rejected, which means there is a difference between the experimental class and the control class . Brain gym has an influence on cognitive function in children significantly compared to the control group without treatment brain gym.Setiap rangsangan yang diberikan kepada anak akan diterima oleh anak untuk menghasilkan jaringan otak yang baru. Kuatnya jaringan sel otak anak, otomatis akan memacu aspek-aspek perkembangan anak menjadi semakin berkembang seperti kognitif salah satunya kemampuan daya ingat. Salah satu  kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan fungsi kognitif adalah Brain Gym. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui pengaruh brain gym terhadap kemampuan mengingat anak usia 4-5 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian quassy experiment dengan responden sebanyak 32 responden yang dibagi kedalam dua kelompok yaitu, kelompok eksperimen (n=16) dan kelompok kontrol (n=16). Hasil uji t-tes pre test adalah 0,074 dengan demikian nilai tersebut lebih dari 0,05 artinya ada peningkatan kemampuan mengingat yang dilihat dari nilai signifikansi 0.000 < 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak yang berarti terdapat perbedaan kemampuan akhir antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Maka dari itu metode brain gym memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan menginat pada anak dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tanpa treatment brain gym, sehingga metode brain gyam dapat dijadikan alternatif metode pembelajaran dalam mengembangkan kemampuan mengingat anak usia 4-5 tahun.

scholarly journals Sleep Quality in Older Women: Effects of a Vibration Training Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8391
Author(s):  
María Victoria Palop-Montoro ◽  
Emilio Lozano-Aguilera ◽  
Milagros Arteaga-Checa ◽  
Víctor Serrano-Huete ◽  
Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Vibration Training ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Sleep is an important phenomenon to restore the body, both physically and emotionally, providing a state of balance in the person. It has been proven that adequate sleep at night is one of the main needs of older people in order to maintain an active and healthy life; among other factors, regular physical exercise can improve the quality of sleep. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects of a physical exercise program supplemented with vibration training on sleep quality and the use of sleep drugs in women over 65 years of age. Methods: Fifty-two independent, physically active adult women were randomised into two groups: a physical exercise program (n = 26, control group) and the same physical exercise program supplemented with vibration training (n = 26, experimental group). The control group performed two weekly sessions of exercise, and the experimental group added another two sessions of vibration training to these two sessions for 12 weeks. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh index. Statistical significance was established as p < 0.05. Results: After the intervention, there were significant changes to the quality of sleep (p = 0.001) and hours of sleep (p = 0.002) in the experimental group. The consumption of drugs decreased in this group, although not significantly; however, it did have a moderate effect size (p = 0.058; d = 0.36). The control group, on the other hand, reported significantly worsened sleep quality (p = 0.001) and increased drug use (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Three months of vibration training, as a complement to a conventional physical exercise program, improves sleep quality and reduces the consumption of sleeping pills in women over 65 years of age.

scholarly journals Effects of Physical Exercise Program on Physical Mobility of Patients with Cranial Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
Jittima Panyasarawut ◽  
Wallada Chanruangvanich ◽  
Prangtip Chayaput ◽  
Theerapol Witthiwej
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Physical Mobility ◽  
Movement Function ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: This research aimed to study the effects of a physical exercise program on physical mobility in cranial surgery patients.Materials and Methods: The researcher used a quasi-experimental method of surveying 58 patients who had cranial surgery at Siriraj Hospital. The research group was divided into two groups: an experimental group (28 patients) participating in a physical exercise program of patients after cranial surgery, and a control group (30 patients) receiving routine nursing care only. The evaluation of the patients’ physical mobility was performed three days after the surgery.Results: Most patients in the research group had an intracranial tumor (86.2%). One day after the surgery, the experimental group had minor pain at the wound site while the control group had moderate pain. Both groups felt discomfort (64.2%) or had muscle stiffness in the neck and shoulder areas (63.3%). Three days after the surgery, at the end of the program, the body movement function of both groups was reduced compared with the preoperative data. However, the experimental group showed better body movement function scores than the control one as the scores of the former were reduced less than those of the latter at p < 0.05.Conclusion: Nurses who provide health care services to patients after cranial surgery should apply the physical exercise program to promote the recovery of the patients’ physical mobility.

scholarly journals Effects of Physical Exercise on Cognition and Telomere Length in Healthy Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Sánchez-González ◽  
Juan Luis Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Martín-Vallejo ◽  
Abel Martel-Martel ◽  
Rogelio González-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Relative Telomere Length ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
State Examination

Background: Physical exercise is an effective measure for preventing the onset of cognitive decline and has a direct influence on the aging process. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a 6-month physical exercise program on cognition and telomere length in adults over 65 years of age. Method: Seventy-four healthy women were separated into two groups: 41 were included in the intervention group (IG) (72.70 ± 4.127 years and 8.18 ± 1.551 years of education) and 33 in the control group (CG) (71.21 ± 4.127 years and 8.42 ± 2.562). The participants included within the IG carried out three sessions of physical exercise per week for six months. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Stroop test and the Trail Making Test (TMT). Saliva samples were taken and analyzed and relative telomere length was calculated. Those conducting the analysis were blind to the group to which the participants had been assigned. Results: An improvement was observed in global cognitive function, in both attentional and executive functions, in the group of adults doing physical exercise as compared to the control group. Six months after the physical exercise program had finished, relative telomere length was found to have increased in the participants in the intervention group. Conclusion: Physical exercise programs can lead to an improvement in both cognitive functions and telomere length.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF REACTION TIME AFTER A WORKPLACE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-519
Author(s):  
Rafael Cunha Laux ◽  
Sara Teresinha Corazza
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Test System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Market Strategy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Introduction Work activities have been occupying an increasing amount of time in the daily lives of the population, making individuals less physically active. A job market strategy is to invest in physical exercise programs in the actual workplace to improve the physical and cognitive aspects of these employees. Objective To verify the effects of a workplace physical exercise program on the simple and choice reaction times of public university employees. Methods Twenty-six physically inactive male and female subjects with a mean age of 29.62 ± 6.47 years underwent a program consisting of thirty-six sessions with physical exercises in the workplace, held three times a week over twelve weeks. Simple reaction time (SRT) and choice reaction time (CRT) were assessed before and after the intervention, using the Vienna Test System®, and the results were presented in: I) reaction time, II) movement time; and (III) response time. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using the statistical program SPSS® (version 21.0 for Windows), with a significance level of 5%. Results When observing the SRT and CRT variables before and after the experiment, we noticed an improvement in reaction time, movement time and response time in the experimental group but not in the control group. Conclusion The workplace physical exercise program was able to reduce the SRT and CRT of the experimental group. Level of evidence I; randomized clinical trial.

scholarly journals The effects of adapted physical exercise during rehabilitation in patients with traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Romana Romanov ◽  
Ladislav Mesarič ◽  
Dušan Perić ◽  
Jasna Vešligaj Damiš ◽  
Yoana Petrova Filišič
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attention Process ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of adapted physical exercise on the level of muscular ability and attention process in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Patients and methods: Between September 2018 and November 2018, a total of 25 male patients with TBI (mean age: 41.1±9.7 years; range, 30 to 50 years) that occurred two years ago were included in this randomized-controlled study. The patients were divided into two groups as the experimental group (n=13) and the control group (n=12). The experimental group implemented a regular rehabilitation program and an additional program of adapted physical exercise. The control group implemented only a regular rehabilitation program (morning gymnastics and gymnastics for the brain). Motor and functional abilities were assessed by a Senior Fitness battery and Berg's balance scale. Attention process was assessed by a standardized d2 test. Results: A significant improvement in physical abilities (strength, flexibility and balance) and attention process was observed in both groups (p<0.01). The improvement was greater in the experimental group (p<0.01). Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury causes difficulties in the memory and executive functions of the body and impairs working ability. The short-term adapted physical exercise program can yield a positive change in working abilities of patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Perilla Seed Oil Enhances Cognitive Function and Mental Health in Healthy Elderly Japanese Individuals by Enhancing the Biological Antioxidant Potential

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Michio Hashimoto ◽  
Kentaro Matsuzaki ◽  
Shahdat Hossain ◽  
Tomoko Ito ◽  
Harumi Wakatsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Perilla Seed

Oxidative stress plays an important role in age-associated cognitive decline. We recently reported that dietary intake of perilla seed oil (PO), a rich source of α-linolenic acid (LNA, C18:3, ω-3), helps in maintaining good mental health in adults. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of dietary PO intake on cognitive functions and mental health in healthy, elderly Japanese individuals. Seventy-five healthy volunteers aged 64–84 years were randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a PO-administered group. At baseline and at 12 months of intervention, cognitive function, mental health condition, fatty acid profile of the red blood cell plasma membranes (RBC-PM), and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results showed that serum biological antioxidant potential and LNA levels in the RBC-PM at 12 months after the trial were significantly higher in the PO group compared to the control group. Further, both the cognitive function measures, as evaluated by the Frontal Assessment Battery test and the apathy scores, tended to be improved after 12 months in the PO group. Our results demonstrate that dietary PO intake enhances the antioxidant potential and prevents the age-related cognitive and mental decline in healthy elderly individuals by enhancing the blood LNA levels.

scholarly journals Regular Taekwondo Training Affects Mood State and Sociality but Not Cognitive Function among International Students in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
Ju-Yong Bae ◽  
Hee-Tae Roh
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

We aimed to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training on physical fitness, mood, sociality, and cognitive function among international students in South Korea. We randomly assigned 24 international students to a control group (CG, n = 12) and experimental group (EG, n = 12). The EG performed Taekwondo training for 16 weeks, while the CG did not train. Each participant underwent a physical fitness test and sociability questionnaire before and after the intervention. We also examined changes in mood state and cognitive function, using the Korean version of the Profile of Mood State-Brief (K-POMS-B), and the Stroop Color and Word test, respectively. Regarding the physical fitness variables, sit-and-reach records in the EG significantly increased after intervention (p < 0.05). In the sub-variable of K-POMS-B, Vigor-Activity scores significantly increased (p < 0.05) after intervention, while the Fatigue-Inertia scores significantly decreased in the EG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in the EG, peer relationship scores, a sub-variable of sociability, significantly decreased after intervention (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that Taekwondo training can not only improve flexibility among physical fitness factors, but can also be effective in improving the mood state and sociality of international students.

scholarly journals Physical exercise during pregnancy and its influence in the type of birth

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Cristina da Silveira ◽  
Conceição Aparecida de Mattos Segre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Primiparous Women

OBJECTIVE: To verify if medium intensity exercise performed during pregnancy can influence in the type of delivery, and to observe compliance to an exercise program among primiparous women with different levels of schooling. METHODS: A study carried out at the Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno, in São Sebastiao (SP), between April 7, 2008, and April 14, 2009. A prospective study involving 66 primiparous women who were divided into two groups: an Exercise Group, engaged in regular physical activity during pregnancy, and the Control Group, that did not participate in regular physical activity during the same period. Significance level in this project was 5% (p=0.05). RESULTS: The group that did engage in regular exercise had a higher rate of vaginal deliveries, with a statistically significance difference evaluated by the χ² test (p=0.031). The pregnant women with the highest level of schooling showed greater compliance with the exercise program, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.01736). CONCLUSION: Physical exercise in primiparous women increased the chances of vaginal deliveries, and there was greater compliance with the exercise program among those with a higher level of schooling when compared to those with a basic education.

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