scholarly journals Nutrition Literacy and Healthy Diet: Findings from the Validation of a Short Seniors-Oriented Screening Tool, the Spanish Myths-NL

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12107
Author(s):  
Elena Lobo ◽  
María Tamayo ◽  
Teresa Sanclemente
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

A good level of nutrition literacy (NL) is proposed as a determinant factor for following a healthy diet. Improving seniors’ NL might be particularly pertinent to enhance the quality of their diets. This study aimed to systematically design and validate a short seniors-oriented questionnaire as a screening tool to evaluate NL. We developed the Myths-NL questionnaire, composed of 10 widespread nutrition myths, and checked for its content and face validity. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the validity and the test–retest reliability, involving a community-dwelling group of 316 individuals aged 65 years and over. Construct validity was proved by establishing both discriminant and convergent validity. Cronbach α = 0.61 and Spearman r = 0.79 (p = 0.02) demonstrated internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Participants who had secondary/university studies scored significantly higher compared with those with primary (p < 0.001), and a significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.044, p = 0.001) with a positive slope (β = 0.209) between Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and Myths-NL scores was observed, proving construct validity. In conclusion, the Myths-NL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to screen NL in Spanish seniors and it might be useful as an assessment NL tool for designing and implementing lifestyle interventions to promote healthy eating.

Construct validity of the enfranchisement scale of the community participation indicators

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110409
Author(s):  
Jessica Kersey ◽  
Lauren Terhorst ◽  
Allen W Heinemann ◽  
Joy Hammel ◽  
Carolyn Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cord Injury

Objective: This study examined the construct validity of the Enfranchisement scale of the Community Participation Indicators. Design: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected in a cross-sectional study of rehabilitation outcomes. Subjects: The parent study included 604 community-dwelling adults with chronic traumatic brain injury, stroke, or spinal cord injury. The sample had a mean age of 64.1 years, was two-thirds male, and included a high proportion of racial minorities ( n = 250, 41.4%). Main measures: The Enfranchisement scale contains two subscales: the Control subscale and the Importance subscale. We examined correlations between each Enfranchisement subscale and measures of participation, environment, and impairments. The current analyses included cases with at least 80% of items completed on each subscale (Control subscale: n = 391; Importance subscale: n = 219). Missing values were imputed using multiple imputation. Results: The sample demonstrated high scores, indicating poor enfranchisement (Control subscale: M = 51.7; Importance subscale: M = 43.0). Both subscales were most strongly associated with measures of participation (Control subscale: r = 0.56; Importance subscale: r = 0.52), and least strongly associated with measures of cognition (Control subscale: r = 0.03; Importance subscale: r = 0.03). The Importance subscale was closely associated with depression ( r = 0.54), and systems, services, and policies ( r = 0.50). Both subscales were associated with social attitudes (Control subscale: r = 0.44; Importance subscale: r = 0.44) and social support (Control subscale: r = 0.49; Importance subscale: r = 0.41). Conclusions: We found evidence of convergent validity between the Enfranchisement scale and measures of participation, and discriminant validity between the Enfranchisement scale and measures of disability-related impairments. The analyses also revealed the importance of the environment to enfranchisement outcomes.

scholarly journals Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the English Lequesne Algofunctional index in to Bengali

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Mahmood ◽  
Minhaj Rahim Choudhury ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Syed Atiqul Haq ◽  
Md Abu Shahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background This study was focused on translation and cultural adaptation of the English Lequesne Algofunctional index (LAI) into Bengali for patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and testing reliability and validity of the Bengali version of the LAI. Methods This study was carried out in the Department of Rheumatology, BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Using the forward–backward method the English LAI was translated into Bengali including cultural adaptation. For pretesting, A sample of 40 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were screened using the Bengali version of LAI. Following the pretest, 130 consecutive patients with symptomatic knee OA completed the interviewer administered Bengali LAI, the validated Bengali version of SF-36, Visual Analogue Scale for Pain, Distance Walked and Activities of Daily Living. For the retest 60 randomly selected patients from the cohort were administered the Bengali LAI 7 days later. An item by item analysis was performed. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa coefficient, construct validity was measured using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results It took 3.25 ± 0.71 min to complete the Bengali LAI and the mean score was 9.23 ± 4.58. For the Bengali LAI Cronbach’s alpha score was 0.88, test–retest reliability assessed by ICC was 0.97. For construct validity, excellent convergent validity was achieved (ρ = 0.93) but the divergent validity was moderate (ρ = 0.43). Conclusions The Bengali LAI showed excellent convergent validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability, only the divergent validity was moderate. So, the Bengali LAI can be applied as a HRQoL assessment tool for primary knee OA patients.

scholarly journals The validity, reliability, sensitivity and responsiveness of a modified Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI-2) as a tool for serial measurements of health enablement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Elizabeth Bedford ◽  
Maegan Hon Yan Yeung ◽  
Chi Ho Au ◽  
Emily Tsui Yee Tse ◽  
Wing Yee Yim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Reliability Sensitivity ◽  
Patient Enablement ◽  
Patient Enablement Instrument ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Patient enablement is a core tenet of patient-centred and holistic primary care. The Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI) is a transitional measure limited in its ability to measure changes over time. A modified version, PEI-2, has been developed to measure enablement at a given time-point without comparison to a recalled baseline. Objective To assess the validity, reliability, sensitivity and responsiveness of PEI-2. Methods PEI-2 was modified from the Chinese PEI to assess enablement over 4 weeks in a prospective cohort study nested within a community support programme [Trekkers Family Enhancement Scheme (TFES)] in Hong Kong. Construct validity was assessed by factor analysis and convergent validity by Spearman’s correlations with health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms. Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Test–retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation (ICC), responsiveness by 12–24-month change in PEI-2 score and sensitivity by differences in change of PEI-2 score between TFES participants and a control group. Results PEI-2 demonstrated construct validity with all items loading on one factor (factor loadings &gt;0.7). Convergent validity was confirmed by significant correlations with 12-item Short Form Questionnaire, version 2 (r = 0.1089–0.1919) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (r = −0.2030). Internal reliability was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.9095) and test–retest reliability moderate (ICC = 0.520, P = 0.506). Significant improvements in PEI-2 scores among the TFES group suggested good responsiveness (P &lt; 0.001). The difference in change of PEI-2 scores between TFES and control was significant (P = 0.008), indicating good sensitivity. Conclusions This study supports the validity, reliability, sensitivity and responsiveness of PEI-2 in measuring changes in enablement, making it a promising tool for evaluating enablement in cohort and intervention studies.

scholarly journals Use of an Electronic Clinical Decision Support System in Primary Care to Assess Inappropriate Polypharmacy in Young Seniors With Multimorbidity: Observational, Descriptive, Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/14130 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e14130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloisa Rogero-Blanco ◽  
Juan A Lopez-Rodriguez ◽  
Teresa Sanz-Cuesta ◽  
Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo ◽  
M Jose Bujalance-Zafra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Beers Criteria ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stopp Criteria ◽  
Electronic Clinical Decision Support

Background Multimorbidity is a global health problem that is usually associated with polypharmacy, which increases the risk of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP). PIP entails higher hospitalization rates and mortality and increased usage of services provided by the health system. Tools exist to improve prescription practices and decrease PIP, including screening tools and explicit criteria that can be applied in an automated manner. Objective This study aimed to describe the prevalence of PIP in primary care consultations among patients aged 65-75 years with multimorbidity and polypharmacy, detected by an electronic clinical decision support system (ECDSS) following the 2015 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria, the European Screening Tool of Older Person’s Prescription (STOPP), and the Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START). Methods This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample included 593 community-dwelling adults aged 65-75 years (henceforth called young seniors), with multimorbidity (≥3 diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 medications), who had visited their primary care doctor at least once over the last year at 1 of the 38 health care centers participating in the Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy in Primary Care (Multi-PAP) trial. Sociodemographic data, clinical and pharmacological treatment variables, and PIP, as detected by 1 ECDSS, were recorded. A multivariate logistic regression model with robust estimators was built to assess the factors affecting PIP according to the STOPP criteria. Results PIP was detected in 57.0% (338/593; 95% CI 53-61) and 72.8% (432/593; 95% CI 69.3-76.4) of the patients according to the STOPP criteria and the Beers Criteria, respectively, whereas 42.8% (254/593; 95% CI 38.9-46.8) of the patients partially met the START criteria. The most frequently detected PIPs were benzodiazepines (BZD) intake for more than 4 weeks (217/593, 36.6%) using the STOPP version 2 and the prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors (269/593, 45.4%) using the 2015 Beers Criteria. Being a woman (odds ratio [OR] 1.43, 95% CI 1.01-2.01; P=.04), taking a greater number of medicines (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.14-1.37; P<.04), working in the primary sector (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.25-2.93; P=.003), and being prescribed drugs for the central nervous system (OR 3.75, 95% CI 2.45-5.76; P<.001) were related to a higher frequency of PIP. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of PIP in primary care as detected by an ECDSS in community-dwelling young seniors with comorbidity and polypharmacy. The specific PIP criteria defined by this study are consistent with the current literature. This ECDSS can be useful for supervising prescriptions in primary health care consultations.

scholarly journals The Inventory of Physical Activity Barriers for Adults 50 Years and Older: Refinement and Validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 789-789
Author(s):  
Mariana Wingood ◽  
Salene Jones ◽  
Nancy Gell ◽  
Denise Peters ◽  
Jennifer Brach
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Addressing physical activity (PA) barriers is an essential component of increasing PA among the 56-73% of community-dwelling adults 50 years and older who are not performing the recommended 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA. As there is no feasible, multi-factorial tool to assess PA barriers among this population, we developed and validated a PA barrier assessment tool called the Inventory of Physical Activity Barriers (IPAB). We collected cross-sectional data on 503 adults (mean age 70.1), with 79 participants completing the scale twice for test-retest reliability and 64 completing a cross-over design examining the ability to use two administration formats interchangeably. Our analyses consisted of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman Plot, and t-tests. Using factor analysis, we identified and confirmed an eight-factor solution consisting of 27 items. The 27-item IPAB is internally consistent (alpha= 0.91), has a high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.99), and can differentiate between individuals who meet the recommended levels of PA and those who do not (p &lt; 0.001). The IPAB scores ranged between 1.00-3.11 for the paper format (mean=1.78) and 1.07-3.48 for the electronic format (mean=1.78), with no statistical difference between the paper and electronic administration formats (p=0.94), resulting in the conclusion that the two administration formats can be used interchangeably. Participant feedback illustrates that the IPAB is easy to use, has clear instruction, and is an appropriate length. The newly validated IPAB scale can be used to develop individualized PA interventions that address PA barriers among patients 50 years and older.

Validation of Chinese version of Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
peiying yang ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Christian Montag ◽  
Benjamin Becker ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) has been suggested as screening tool for exercise dependence (ED), however, a validated Chinese version of this instrument is currently lacking. To this end, the present study translated and evaluated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the scale. Following a forward-backward translation of the EDS-R, the Chinese version (EDS-C) as well as validated scales assessing associated constructs were administered to a large sample of habitual exercisers (N=1447, 52.4% male) in universities and communities. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed and invariance test across gender was carried out. Additionally, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were determined. Furthermore, construct validity was tested by investigating associations of ED with exercise variables and related constructs. We observed that the EDS-C confirmed the original seven-factor structure (TLI = .94, CFI = .95, RMSEA = .068, SRMR = .032) and showed invariance across genders. Moreover, we observed good internal consistency, with Cronbach alpha ranging from 0.73 to 0.93 for sub-scales and a moderate test-retest reliability (r: 0.45-0.82). The construct validity was additionally supported given that higher levels in EDS-C associated with a higher frequency of exercise and higher levels of eating disorder symptoms, body image inflexibility and generalized anxiety symptoms. In summary, EDS-C is a reliable and valid screening tool for ED in Chinese universities as well as communities.

scholarly journals The Convergent Validity of the electronic Frailty Index (eFI) with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette Broad ◽  
Ben Carter ◽  
Sara Mckelvie ◽  
Jonathan Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People

Background: Different scales are being used to measure frailty. This study examined the convergent validity of the electronic Frailty Index (eFI) with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Method: The cross-sectional study recruited patients from three regional community nursing teams in the South East of England. The CFS was rated at recruitment, and the eFI was extracted from electronic health records (EHRs). A McNemar test of paired data was used to compare discordant pairs between the eFI and the CFS, and an exact McNemar Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated. Findings: Of 265 eligible patients consented, 150 (57%) were female, with a mean age of 85.6 years (SD = 7.8), and 78% were 80 years and older. Using the CFS, 68% were estimated to be moderate to severely frail, compared to 91% using the eFI. The eFI recorded a greater degree of frailty than the CFS (OR = 5.43, 95%CI 3.05 to 10.40; p < 0.001). This increased to 7.8 times more likely in men, and 9.5 times in those aged over 80 years. Conclusions: This study found that the eFI overestimates the frailty status of community dwelling older people. Overestimating frailty may impact on the demand of resources required for further management and treatment of those identified as being frail.

scholarly journals Reliability and Structural and Construct Validity of the Functional Strength Measurement in Children Aged 4 to 10 Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy F.M. Aertssen ◽  
Gillian D. Ferguson ◽  
Bouwien C.M. Smits-Engelsman
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background Adequate muscle strength, power, and endurance are important in children's daily activities and sports. Various instruments have been developed for the assessment of muscle function; each measures different aspects. The Functional Strength Measurement (FSM) was developed to measure performance in activities in which strength is required. Objective The study objective was to establish the test-retest reliability and structural and construct validity of the FSM. Design A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Methods The performance of 474 children with typical development on the FSM was examined. Test-retest reliability (n=47) was calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (2.1A) for agreement. Structural validity was examined with exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency was established with the Cronbach alpha. Construct validity was determined by calculating correlations between FSM scores and scores obtained with a handheld dynamometer (HHD) (n=252) (convergent validity) and between FSM scores and scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children–2 (MABC-2) (n=77) (discriminant validity). Results The test-retest reliability of the FSM total score ranged from .91 to .94. The structural validity revealed one dimension, containing all 8 FSM items. The Cronbach alpha was .74. The convergent validity with the HHD ranged from .42 to .74. The discriminant validity with MABC-2 items revealed correlations that were generally lower than .39, and most of the correlations were not significant. Exploratory factor analysis of a combined data set (FSM, HHD, and MABC-2; n=77) revealed 2 factors: muscle strength/power and muscle endurance with an agility component. Limitations Discriminant validity was measured only in children aged 4 to 6 years. Conclusions The FSM, a norm-referenced test for measuring functional strength in children aged 4 to 10 years, has good test-retest reliability and good construct validity.

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