scholarly journals Perspectives on Social and Environmental Determinants of Oral Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13429
Author(s):  
Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães de Abreu ◽  
Alex Junio Silva Cruz ◽  
Ana Cristina Borges-Oliveira ◽  
Renata de Castro Martins ◽  
Flávio de Freitas Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
Oral Conditions

Most oral conditions have a multifactorial etiology; that is, they are modulated by biological, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors. A consistent body of evidence has demonstrated the great burden of dental caries and periodontal disease in individuals from low socioeconomic strata. Oral health habits and access to care are influenced by the social determinants of health. Hence, the delivery of health promotion strategies at the population level has shown a great impact on reducing the prevalence of oral diseases. More recently, a growing discussion about the relationship between the environment, climate change, and oral health has been set in place. Certainly, outlining plans to address oral health inequities is not an easy task. It will demand political will, comprehensive funding of health services, and initiatives to reduce inequalities. This paper sought to give a perspective about the role of social and physical environmental factors on oral health conditions while discussing how the manuscripts published in this Special Issue could increase our knowledge of the topic.

Social Aspects of HIV and Their Relationship to Craniofacial Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Umadevi ◽  
E. Blignaut ◽  
M. Glick ◽  
E. Nasir ◽  
V. Yengopal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Costs Of Disease ◽  
Social Causes

The oral research community needs an understanding of the social causes, consequences, and costs of disease in relation to oral health. This workshop concluded that HIV infection constitutes a special dental need requiring specific arrangements to facilitate oral care for infected persons. Oral manifestations of HIV infection affect everyday life, but more evidence is needed on the effects of interventions to alleviate these impacts. Other oral health habits add to the burden of HIV/AIDS-associated oral diseases and compete with them for resources. These problems are most acute where the prevalence of HIV is high and resources are scarce. Effective health promotion is therefore important in these areas. Without data on the utility of oral health care in developing countries, practical approaches are guided by societal and multidisciplinary principles. There are also important ethical considerations

Oral Health and Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole. A. Palmer ◽  
Zhangmuge Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Surgeon General ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oral Conditions

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases affecting global health. In his report on the crisis in oral disease in America, the Surgeon General warned that one cannot be truly healthy without oral health. Oral health means freedom from all oral health problems; tooth decay (dental caries), periodontal diseases, tooth loss, oral-facial pain, oral cancer and the effects of its treatment, oral infections, craniofacial birth defects and more. The relationships between oral conditions and systemic health and disease are many and synergistic, and most involve dietary and/or systemic nutritional factors. Diet and nutrition can play important roles in the etiology, prevention, and/or management of oral conditions, as they do in overall health and disease. Today, all health professionals and educators need to be aware of and consider oral issues and their possible diet/nutritional implications as a component of optimal health care and education. This review article provides a brief overview of how diet and nutrition impact and are impacted by oral conditions, and offers general guidelines and resources for providing meaningful interventions throughout the life cycle. This review contains 3 figures, 3 tables, and 57 references Key Words: biofilm, cariogenic, dental caries, dental plaque, ECC-early childhood caries, lactobacillus, mucositis, non-cariogenic, periodontal disease, Streptococcus mutans

Global Oral Health Inequalities

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sheiham ◽  
D. Alexander ◽  
L. Cohen ◽  
V. Marinho ◽  
S. Moysés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
Underlying Causes

This paper reviews the shortcomings of present approaches to reduce oral diseases and inequalities, details the importance of social determinants, and links that to research needs and policies on implementation of strategies to reduce oral health inequalities. Inequalities in health are not narrowing. Attention is therefore being directed at determinants of major health conditions and the extent to which those common determinants vary within, between, and among groups, because if inequalities in health vary across groups, then so must underlying causes. Tackling inequalities in health requires strategies tailored to determinants and needs of each group along the social gradient. Approaches focusing mainly on downstream lifestyle and behavioral factors have limited success in reducing health inequalities. They fail to address social determinants, for changing people’s behaviors requires changing their environment. There is a dearth of oral health research on social determinants that cause health-compromising behaviors and on risk factors common to some chronic diseases. The gap between what is known and implemented by other health disciplines and the dental fraternity needs addressing. To re-orient oral health research, practice, and policy toward a ‘social determinants’ model, a closer collaboration between and integration of dental and general health research is needed. Here, we suggest a research agenda that should lead to reductions in global inequalities in oral health.

The Mentally Ill in Your Caseload

2016 ◽  
pp. 409-420
Author(s):  
Donald W. Winnicott
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dynamic Psychology ◽  
The Individual

In this talk delivered to social workers, Winnicott brings his understanding of professional psychiatry, with its attempts to treat severe mental illness using a more humane approach, together with his belief in dynamic psychology—the emotional development of the individual derived from the study of psychoanalysis—into a closer connection with one another. He charts a brief outline of psychoanalysis and interprets the psychoses through it. He sees the importance of early environmental factors in mental illness and the possible effects of this on maturation. He comments on depression both normal and psychotic in type, on his theories of personalization, of feeling real, and, through early dependence, the gradual growth of the functioning self. He also gives an empathic view of the role of the social worker in the difficult work of treating acute mental ill health.

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria and Microalgae as Sources of Functional Foods to Improve Human General and Oral Health

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5164
Author(s):  
Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano ◽  
Cristina Papa ◽  
Antonino Pollio ◽  
Aniello Ingenito ◽  
Giancarla Sangianantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Health It ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Overall Functioning ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Research Show

In the scenario of promising sources of functional foods and preventive drugs, microalgae and cyanobacteria are attracting global attention. In this review, the current and future role of microalgae as natural sources of functional foods for human health and, in particular, for oral health has been reported and discussed in order to provide an overview on the state of art on microalgal effects on human oral health. It is well known that due to their richness in high-valuable products, microalgae offer good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumoral, anti-glycemic, cholesterol-lowering, and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the findings of the present research show that microalgae could also have a significant impact on oral health: several studies agree on the potential application of microalgae for oral cancer prevention as well as for the treatment of chronic periodontitis and different oral diseases with microbial origin. Thus, beneficial effects of microalgae could be implemented in different medical fields. Microalgae and cyanobacteria could represent a potential natural alternative to antibiotic, antiviral, or antimycotic therapies, as well as a good supplement for the prevention and co-adjuvant treatment of different oral diseases. Nevertheless, more studies are required to identify strains of interest, increase overall functioning, and make safe, effective products available for the whole population.

scholarly journals The role of health insurance in the coverage of oral health care in Senegal

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbathio Diop ◽  
Aida Kanouté ◽  
Massamba Diouf ◽  
Amadou Diaw Ndiaye ◽  
Cheikh Mouhamadou Mbacké Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Insurance Agents

Oral diseases costs are among the most expensive health care benefits. In Senegal, households contribute up to 37.6% of the national health spending through direct payments. The aim of this work was to study the role of health insurance in the coverage of oral health care in Senegal. The study was based on health insurance agents and policyholders. The study reveals that oral health care coverage through health insurance still does not meet requirements for treatment of oral infections. In financial terms, oral health care costs health insurance too much. As a result, carriers cover them partially. On top of that, the majority of the population’s lack of knowledge about mutual, because they have a little background on oral health care, the latter weighs heavily on health insurance leading to the use of self-medication, traditional medicine and handicraft prosthetists. The analysis reveals an unequal access to oral health care through the health insurance system. To bring under control the expenditure for oral health care, carriers and dental surgeons must work together to raise the populations’ awareness on community solidarity.

scholarly journals The quality of close relationships in adulthood: the role of sociodemographic and environmental factors

TIMS Acta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Nikolina Kuruzović
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Parental Marital Status ◽  
The Relationship

In order to better understand the phenomenon of the quality of different types of close relationships of adults, we have investigated several determinants which define them more clearly. We focused on the relational differences of the respondents according to several sociodemographic (age, gender, employment, marital status and children) and environmental factors (structure and relationships in the family). A total of 400 males and females, ranging from 19 to 51 years, completed a general questionnaire. It collected the data related to sociodemographic and environmental characteristics, as well as the Social Relations Network Inventory (NRI), which assessed the quality of five types of close relationships. The results indicate significant differences between the respondents in the quality of individual close relationships, based on the factors of age, gender, employment, marital status and parenthood, as well as according to the factors of the quality of family relations and parental marital status. The identified differences are particularly pronounced in terms of the quality of the relationship with the mother and the quality of the relationship with the friend, which is explained by the characteristic nature of these relationships, as well as the developmental roles and tasks of the adulthood.

scholarly journals Herbal Materials Used in Management of Oral Conditions in Nairobi, Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
FW Ngari ◽  
RN Wanjau ◽  
EN Njagi ◽  
NK Gikonyo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Standard Questionnaire ◽  
Informal Discussion ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Oral Conditions

ABSTRACT Aim This study was carried out to document the medicinal plants used in management of oral health and diseases by traditional medical practitioners in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted using a standard questionnaire and informal discussion to collect information from traditional medical practitioners, traders and vendors of medicinal plants used in oral care practice. Results This study identified 35 species from 24 families, commonly used by the traditional medical practitioners in Nairobi to manage oral health and diseases in Nairobi County. Conclusion There are various plants that are used by traditional medical practitioners to manage oral diseases either singly or in combination.

Adolescent Cultural Contexts for Substance Use: Intergroup Dynamics, Family Processes, and Neighborhood Risks

2016 ◽  
pp. 716-742
Author(s):  
Seth J. Schwartz ◽  
Sabrina E. Des Rosiers ◽  
Jennifer Unger ◽  
José Szapocznik
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Intergroup Dynamics ◽  
Intergroup Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Individual Family

This chapter reviews the role of cultural processes in substance use and other health problems among adolescents. The chapter focuses on Hispanics because of their status as both a minority group and an immigrant group, and because Hispanics have been a “lightning rod” for political discourse about immigration and US national identity. The core argument is that intergroup processes such as social dominance and system justification are responsible, at the population level, for unequal allocation of social resources—which, in turn, creates health disparities. These intergroup processes compound the effects of more proximal contexts such as individual, family, and neighborhood. It is argued that interventions to combat the social/cultural determinants of health disparities should be multilevel, including individual-, family-, community-, and population-level strategies.

Reviewing Propolis with Multi-components in the Treatment of Oral Diseases through Multi-pathways and Multi-targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Li ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Guokai Wang ◽  
Yaotian Tao ◽  
Xiangwei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Application Prospects

: Propolis is a natural product made from the mixture of plant resin, saliva and wax collected by bees. It has been studied and concerned because of its high medicinal value and broad application prospects. Propolis has complex components, which can act on the body through multi-pathways and multi-targets to play the role of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and so on, and can be used as an important resource for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. In this review, we mainly reviewed components of propolis and their physiological activities against oral diseases, as well as the new dosage forms and applications of propolis in oral treatment. The purpose of this review is to explore the advantages of propolis in the treatment of oral diseases and the wide application of propolis in the field of oral health.

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