scholarly journals Food Consumption and Metabolic Risks in Young University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Sughey González-Torres ◽  
Napoleón González-Silva ◽  
Ángel Pérez-Reyes ◽  
Luis Miguel Anaya-Esparza ◽  
Sergio Sánchez-Enríquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Prior Informed Consent ◽  
Vitamins E And A

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between components of the diet, metabolic risks, and the serum concentrations of adiponectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6). With prior informed consent, an analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with 72 students in their first year of university. The subjects had a mean age of 19.2 ± 1.0 years and body mass index of 23.38 ± 4.2, and they were mainly women (80.6%). Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and dietary data and metabolic risk factors were evaluated, and biochemical parameters and adipocytokines were also considered. The data were analyzed using means, ranges, and correlations, as well as principal components. In general, the protein, fat, and sodium intake were higher than the international dietary recommendations, and deficiencies in vitamins B5 and E, potassium, phosphorus, selenium, and zinc were observed. The most frequently observed metabolic risks were insulin resistance and hypoalphalipoproteinemia. IL-6 was positively correlated with lipid and protein intake. Adiponectin showed a positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein and a negative correlation with insulin, weight, and waist, while the adiponectin pattern was similar to that of vitamins E and A, which decreased with increasing intake of calories, macronutrients, and sodium. In general, a hypercaloric diet that was high in protein, fat, and sodium and deficient in vitamins, mainly fat-soluble, was associated with a lower concentration of adiponectin and a higher concentration of IL-6, which favor the presence of metabolic risks, including insulin resistance. Intervention studies are required to evaluate the dietary intake of metabolic markers in young people without comorbidities, which will lay the foundation for implementing prevention strategies.

scholarly journals CCL2 Serum Levels and Adiposity Are Associated with the Polymorphic Phenotypes -2518A on CCL2 and 64ILE on CCR2 in a Mexican Population with Insulin Resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton-Omar Guzmán-Ornelas ◽  
Marcelo Heron Petri ◽  
Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽  
Efraín Chavarría-Ávila ◽  
Fernanda-Isadora Corona-Meraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Wild Type Phenotype ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Mexican Mestizos ◽  
The Relationship

Genetic susceptibility has been described in insulin resistance (IR). Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) is overexpressed in white adipose tissue and is the ligand of C-C motif receptor-2 (CCR2). TheCCL2G-2518A polymorphism is known to regulate gene expression, whereas the physiological effects of theCCR2Val64Ile polymorphism are unknown. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between these polymorphisms with soluble CCL2 levels (sCCL2), metabolic markers, and adiposity. In a cross-sectional study we included 380 Mexican-Mestizo individuals, classified with IR according to Stern criteria. Polymorphism was identified using PCR-RFLP/sequence-specific primers. Anthropometrics and metabolic markers were measured by routine methods and adipokines and sCCL2 by ELISA. The CCL2 polymorphism was associated with IR (polymorphicA+phenotype frequencies were 70.9%, 82.6%, in individuals with and without IR, resp.). Phenotype carriers CCL2 (A+) displayed lower body mass and fat indexes, insulin and HOMA-IR, and higher adiponectin levels. Individuals with IR presented higher sCCL2 compared to individuals without IR and was associated with CCR2 (Ile+) phenotype. The double-polymorphic phenotype carriers (A+/Ile+) exhibited higher sCCL2 than double-wild-type phenotype carriers (A−/Ile−). The present findings suggest that sCCL2 production possibly will be associated with the adiposity and polymorphic phenotypes ofCCL2andCCR2, in Mexican-Mestizos with IR.

scholarly journals Association between asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis and insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study in rural Shandong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001788
Author(s):  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhao ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Xiaokang Ji ◽  
Shaowei Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intracranial Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Study Population

IntroductionRecent studies have shown that insulin resistance (IR) is correlated to atherosclerosis development. However, few studies have investigated the association between IR and asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS).Research design and methodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 2007 rural residents in China who were aged ≥40 years without a clinical history of stroke and transient ischaemic attack. We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in combination with magnetic resonance angiography to diagnose aICAS (stenosis ≥50%). IR was defined as a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ≥3.0 based on the 75th percentile for all the participants. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the relationship of diabetic parameters with aICAS in all participants, as well as with aICAS in non-diabetic participants, and further stratified by sex.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, gender, smoking habit, drinking habit, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and waist circumference, diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR=2.09, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.32), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.57), and IR (OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.75) were associated with aICAS in the total study population; however, these relationships remained significant only in men after the analyses were stratified by sex (DM: OR=3.40, 95% CI 1.62 to 7.13; FPG: OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.13; IR: OR=3.04, 95% CI 1.44 to 6.42). When further excluding the diabetic participants from the total study population, positive associations between IR and aICAS were similarly observed only in men (OR=4.65, 95% CI 1.69 to 12.82).ConclusionsIR might predict the prevalence of aICAS independently of major cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome components among men living in rural China.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Risks in Different Groups of Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuyen Van Duong ◽  
Chun-Kuang Shih ◽  
Te-Chih Wong ◽  
Hsi-Hsien Chen ◽  
Tso-Hsiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
High Triglyceride

Background. To investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks among hemodialysis patients. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study between 2013 and 2017, on 384 hemodialysis patients from seven hospital-based-dialysis centers. HOMA-IR is classified according to median value. The CVD risks were defined by the K/DOQI Guidelines. Logistic regression analysis was used. Results. Patients’ age was 60.9 ± 11.8, 58.1% men, and 40.3% overweight/obese. The median of HOMA-IR was 5.4, 82.8% high systolic blood pressure, and 85.7% hyperhomocysteinemia. In multivariate analysis, IR was significantly associated with higher odds of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglyceride, and impaired fasting glucose in groups of normal weight, overweight/obese, nondiabetes, diabetes, and overall sample. IR linked with elevated high-sensitive C-reactive protein in normal weight patients (odd ratio, OR=2.21, 95% confidence interval, 1.16-4.22, p < .05), with hypoalbuminemia in normal weight patients (OR=8.31, 95% CI, 2.35-29.37, p < .01), in nondiabetes patients (OR=6.59, 95% CI, 1.81-23.95, p < .01), and overall sample (OR=3.07, 1.51-6.23, p < .01). Conclusions. The level of IR and prevalence of CVD risks were high in hemodialysis patients. IR was independently associated with CVD risks.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Early-Life Factors among Chinese and Spanish Adolescents: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Perona ◽  
Schmidt-RioValle ◽  
Chen ◽  
Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Chinese Group

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a growing problem worldwide in adolescents. This study compared two sample populations of young people in Spain and China, and analyzed the association of birth weight and breastfeeding duration with MetS. A cross-sectional study was conducted in adolescents (10–15 years old); 1150 Chinese and 976 Spanish adolescents. The variables analyzed were anthropometric characteristics, biochemical markers, and demographic characteristics using the same methodology and data collection protocol. Also, birth weight and breastfeeding were retrospectively analyzed during the first year of life. The results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in reference to body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, triglyceride, glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. The MetS prevalence was higher in Spanish adolescents (2.5%) than in the Chinese group (0.6%). Breastfeeding duration was inversely associated with hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, and MetS, whereas higher birth weight was associated with hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia, and abdominal obesity. Spanish adolescents showed more altered MetS components, and consequently, a higher MetS prevalence than the Chinese adolescents. This made them more vulnerable to cardiometabolic risk. Our results highlight the need for interventions designed by health professionals, which would encourage pregnant women to breastfeed their children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Non-Obese Healthy Young Females in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Elrayess ◽  
Nasser M. Rizk ◽  
Amina S. Fadel ◽  
Abdelhamid Kerkadi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Healthy Females

The state of Qatar suffers from diabetes epidemic due to obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. However, the prevalence of insulin resistance prior to obesity, which could play an important role in the high prevalence of diabetes, has not yet been described. This study aims to compare the prevalence of insulin resistance in apparently healthy non-obese and obese participants from Qatar and identify the predictors of insulin resistance in different body mass index (BMI)-groups. In this cross-sectional study, 150 young healthy females from Qatar were dichotomized into four groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese) based on their BMI. Anthropometric measures as well as fasting plasma levels of lipids, adipokines, blood glucose and insulin were recorded. The prevalence of insulin resistance as per homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was estimated and differences between insulin sensitive and insulin resistant were compared. Linear models were used to identify predictors of insulin resistance in every BMI group. Prevalence of insulin resistance in non-obese healthy females from Qatar ranges between 7% and 37% and increases with BMI. Overall, predictors of insulin resistance in the Qatari population are triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and free fat mass but vary according to the BMI group. The main predictors were triglycerides in normal weight, triglycerides/HDL in overweight and triglycerides/HDL and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in obese individuals. The high prevalence of insulin resistance in non-obese Qataris may partially explain diabetes epidemic. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings and identify underlying causes for insulin resistance in non-obese individuals in Qatar, aiming at targeted intervention before diabetes onset.

scholarly journals Adherence to recommended intake of pulses and related factors in university students in the UniHcos project

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
María Morales-Suárez-Varela ◽  
Carmen Amezcua-Prieto ◽  
Isabel Peraita-Costa ◽  
Carlos Ayan Pérez ◽  
Luis Félix Valero Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
The University

Abstract Pulses such as peas, beans or lentils are one of the most complete foods at the nutritional level; however, they are one of the most often neglected foods in the diets of university students. Entrance to university translates into a major lifestyle change for many young people, and the habits acquired or cemented at this time will remain into adulthood. The objective of this study is to analyse the association between personal/sociodemographic factors, dietary intake of other food groups and the consumption of pulses in first-year university students. This cross-sectional study is part of the UniHcos project, a multicentre study of multipurpose prospective cohorts in eleven Spanish universities. Data from 9862 university students were collected through an online self-questionnaire completed by all students who met the selection criteria and agreed to participate in the project during the 2011–2018 academic years. Of students, 75·8 % presented an inadequate (≤2 times/week) consumption of pulses. Living outside the family home in either a student residence (OR 0·76; 95 % CI 0·69, 0·84) or rental (OR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·70, 0·95) decreased the compliance with recommendations on the consumption of pulses. Low consumption of pulses is seemingly not restricted to a specific profile or dietary pattern among university students, and no specific focus group for intervention can be identified. Policies promoting the consumption of pulses among the university population as a whole are necessary to increase compliance rates with the dietary recommendations.

scholarly journals Triglycerides to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is the Best Surrogate Marker for Insulin Resistance in Non-obese Middle-aged and Elderly Population: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumei Yang ◽  
Baomin Wang ◽  
Haoyue Yuan ◽  
Xiaomu Li
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract BackgroundInsulin resistance is closely associated with metabolic profiles, including obesity and dyslipidemia. However, there are few studies to demonstrate a relationship between lipid profiles and insulin resistance, categorized by BMI, especially in Chinese. The aim of the present study was to examine how lipid profiles were associated with insulin resistance in non-obese middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1608 (596 men and 1012 women) subjects, without prior known diabetes mellitus and lipid regulating therapy history, older than 45 years. Insulin resistance was defined by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of at least 2.5. The areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves (AROC) were used to compare the power of these serum markers. SPSS 17.0 software was used for the statistical analysis.ResultsIn non-obese subjects (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n= 996), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.13-1.81, P = 0.003), and SBP (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, P = 0.03) were independently risk factors for the insulin resistance. The best marker for insulin resistance in non-obese subjects was triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio with the AROC of 0.73 (95% CI 0.68-0.77, P < 0.001), and the positive likelihood ratio was greatest for TG/HDL-C ratio in the metabolic profiles including BMI. The optimal cut-off point to identifying insulin resistance for TG/HDL-C ratio was ≥ 1.50 in the non-obese population. The BMI, TG, total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio and HDL-C also discriminated insulin resistance, as the values for AROC were 0.70 (95% CI 0.66-0.75, P < 0.001), 0.71 (95% CI 0.67-0.76, P < 0.001), 0.70 (95% CI 0.65-0.74, P < 0.001), 0.34 (95% CI 0.29-0.38, P < 0.001), respectively. In overweight subjects (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, n = 612), BMI was still the best marker for insulin resistance with the AROC of 0.65 (95% CI 0.60-0.69, P < 0.001). ConclusionsTG/HDL-C ratio may be the best reliable marker for insulin resistance in the non-obese population.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH METABOLIC RISK FACTORS AND FOOD CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENTS - RECIFE/BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Izabel Siqueira de Andrade ◽  
Juliana Souza Oliveira ◽  
Vanessa Sá Leal ◽  
Niedja Maria da Silva Lima ◽  
Phelipe Bibiano Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
Final Model ◽  
School Based ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of insulin resistance in adolescents and its associations with metabolic factors and food intake. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a stratified, complex, school-based sample. The subjects were adolescents (n=1,081) who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents in the city of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil). We analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables. Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR>75th percentile. A Poisson multivariate regression model with robust variance adjustment was used, and variables with p≤0.05 in the final model were considered statistically associated with insulin resistance. Results: Median age was 14 years (interquartile range: 13-16 years), and 25.3% of the sample showed insulin resistance. The variables associated with insulin resistance in the final model were age, body mass index-for-age (BMI/A), biochemical markers (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and saturated fat intake, with insulin resistance being more prevalent in individuals whose consumption of this type of fat was below the median of the sample distribution. Conclusions: Insulin resistance was prevalent in the adolescents analyzed and was significantly associated with metabolic variables and saturated fat intake.

scholarly journals Reduced Serum Phosphorus Levels Were Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Men But Not in Women: A Cross-Sectional Study among the Japanese Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Shimodaira ◽  
Shinji Okaniwa ◽  
Tomohiro Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Phosphorus ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Background: Reduced serum phosphorus (SP) levels are reported to be associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there have been a few gender-specific studies although SP levels are substantially different between men and women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 16,041 subjects (9,076 men and 6,965 women) were analyzed. The subjects were divided into 3 groups of gender-specific tertiles based on phosphorus levels: the lowest (T1), middle (T2), and the highest (T3). Results: SP levels were significantly lower in subjects with MetS than in those without MetS in men but not in women. Waist circumference and fasting plasma glucose were negatively and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was positively correlated with SP levels both in men and women. Blood pressure (BP) and triglycerides (TG) were negatively correlated with SP levels in men, while they were positively correlated with SP levels in women. Lower SP levels were associated with the prevalence of MetS in men (T1; 19.9%, T2; 16.9%, and T3; 14.3%; p < 0.001) but not in women (T1; 14.1%, T2; 16.6%, and T3; 15.3%; p = 0.282). Conclusion: BP and TG were unexpectedly positively correlated with SP levels in women. Reduced SP levels were associated with MetS in men but not in women.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Haeryun Hong ◽  
Soohyun Park ◽  
Shinuk Kim ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Children

Background. This study investigated the association between insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children. Methods. A cross-sectional study involving 1036 healthy children aged between 7 and 13 years was conducted. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as an index of IR. Participants were classified according to the HOMA-IR quartiles. Results. Incremental, linear trends were found in age (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001), waist circumference (p<0.001), resting blood pressures (BP) (p<0.001), triglycerides (TG) (p<0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.001), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p<0.001), FBG (p<0.001), and insulin (<0.001) according to incremental HOMA-IR categories (from the 1st to 4th quartile). Compared with children in the 1st HOMA-IR quartile, children in the 4th HOMA-IR quartile had significantly higher odd ratios (ORs) of abnormalities in systolic (p=0.051) and diastolic BP (p=0.005), FBG (p<0.001), TG (p<0.001), TC (p=0.016), and HDL-C (p=0.006) even after adjustments for age, gender, BMI, and body fat percentage. Children in the 3rd HOMA-IR quartile had significant abnormalities in FBG (p<0.001), TG (p=0.001), and HDL-C (p=0.010) even after adjustments for the covariates. Conclusion. The current findings suggest that IR is significantly associated with the clustering of MetS risk factors in children in Korea.

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