scholarly journals The Intensity of Urban Sprawl in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Piotr Lityński
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Research Challenge ◽  
Spatial Specificity ◽  
Global Research

The issues of urban sprawl are current in both global research as well as the sphere of activities by public authorities in developed and developing countries. Urban sprawl is a phenomenon that goes beyond the administrative boundaries of cities, which forces monitoring of the phenomenon on a wide territorial scale, i.e., regional and national. However, assessing the level of urban sprawl on such a scale still remains a research challenge in many countries. Poland is such an example, where there is a deficit in assessing the level of the phenomenon, its spatial specificity, as well as comparisons between other national urban areas. The presented research uses the urban morphology method to assess urban sprawl in Poland. The method assumes the use of square grids and building locations for the quantification of sprawl. Based on the 14 urban areas that aggregate 296 communes, it was pointed out that the level of urban sprawl in Poland is moderate. The results indicate that there is not a significant sprawl or compact structures.

Health and Environment in Urban Areas of Developing Countries

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Stephens ◽  
Trudy Harpham
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Areas

scholarly journals The Cadastre as a Source for the Analysis of Urbanization Dynamics. Applications in Urban Areas of Medium-Sized Inland Spanish Cities

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Irene Sánchez Ondoño ◽  
Francisco Cebrián Abellán ◽  
Juan Antonio Garcia-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Database Management ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
Source Of Information

This article presents a methodological proposal using the cadastre as a tool to analyze urbanization dynamics. It is backed by an in-depth review of the related literature concerning Spain and Mediterranean Europe. The work uses the cadastre as a source of information, specifically leveraging the urban parcels and real estate obtained from the CAT files. After the data were collected, interpreted and organized, complementary statistical and cartographic methodologies and tools were used, together with the required database management. The goal of the study was to analyze the behavior of five intermediate cities and their urban areas, with the aim of comparing the construction dynamics between the cities and the municipalities located in their respective areas of influence in the period 2000–2016. The work is framed within the debate on urban sprawl, sustainability and the need for tools for town and regional planning. The main conclusion of the work reflects the necessity of a better understanding of the processes of transformation in cities, in which the use of cadastral data is key, given its reliability and updated information, despite the difficulty involved in accessing the data structure.

scholarly journals Review on pollutant dispersion in urban areas-part A: Effects of mechanical factors and urban morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 107534
Author(s):  
Zhengtong Li ◽  
Tingzhen Ming ◽  
Shurong Liu ◽  
Chong Peng ◽  
Renaud de Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Mechanical Factors

Relating Household Consumption Expenditures to Road Traffic Fatalities: A Rural–Urban Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110332
Author(s):  
Ruchika Agarwala ◽  
Vinod Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Traffic Fatality ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Relationship

Research shows that traffic fatality risk is generally higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In developing countries, vehicle ownership and investments in public transportation typically increase with economic growth. These two factors together increase the vehicle population, which in turn affects traffic safety. This paper presents a study focused on the relationship of various factors—including household consumption expenditure data—with traffic fatality in rural and urban areas and thereby aims to fill some of the gaps in the literature. One such gap is the impacts of personal and non-personal modes of travel on traffic safety in rural versus urban areas in developing countries which remains unexplored. An exhaustive panel data modeling approach is adopted. One important finding of this study is that evidence exists of a contrasting relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality in rural and urban areas. The relationship between household expenditure and traffic fatality is observed to be positive in rural areas and a negative in urban areas. Increases in most expenditure variables, such as fuel, non-personal modes of travel, and two-wheeler expenditures, are found to be associated with an increase in traffic fatality in rural areas.

scholarly journals Integration of Satellite InSAR with a Wireless Network of Geotechnical Sensors for Slope Monitoring in Urban Areas: The Pariana Landslide Case (Massa, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2534
Author(s):  
Andrea Ciampalini ◽  
Paolo Farina ◽  
Luca Lombardi ◽  
Massimiliano Nocentini ◽  
Veronica Taurino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Slope Movements ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
Slope Monitoring

Slow to extremely slow landslides in urban areas may cause severe damage to buildings and infrastructure that can lead to the evacuation of local populations in case of slope accelerations. Monitoring the spatial and temporal evolution of this type of natural hazard represents a major concern for the public authorities in charge of risk management. Pariana, a village with 400 residents located in the Apuan Alps (Massa, Tuscany, Italy), is an example of urban settlement where the population has long been forced to live with considerable slope instability. In the last 30 years, due to the slope movements associated with a slow-moving landslide that has affected a significant portion of the built-up area, several buildings have been damaged, including a school and the provincial road crossing the unstable area, leading to the need for an installation of a slope monitoring system with early warning capabilities, in parallel with the implementation of mitigation works. In this paper, we show how satellite multi-temporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MT-InSAR) data can be effectively used when coupled with a wireless sensor network made of several bar extensometers and a borehole inclinometer. In fact, thanks to their wide area coverage and opportunistic nature, satellite InSAR data allow one to clearly identify the spatial distribution of surface movements and their long-term temporal evolution. On the other hand, geotechnical sensors installed on specific elements at risk (e.g., private buildings, retaining walls, etc.), and collected through Wi-Fi dataloggers, provide near real-time data that can be used to identify sudden accelerations in slope movements, subsequently triggering alarms. The integration of those two-monitoring systems has been tested and assessed in Pariana. Results show how a hybrid slope monitoring program based on the two different technologies can be used to effectively monitor slow-moving landslides and to identify sudden accelerations and activate a response plan.

Measuring and Monitoring Urban Sprawl of Jaipur City using Remote Sensing and GIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-65
Author(s):  
Pushpendra Singh Sisodia ◽  
Vivekanand Tiwari ◽  
Anil Kumar Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Classification

The world's population increased drastically and forced people to migrate from rural area to major cities in search of basic amenities. The majority of the World's population are already living in the major cities and it is continuously increasing. The increase in population forced the major cities to expand. Expansion of cities acclaimed more unplanned settlement that leads unplanned growth. This is a global phenomenon that has a direct impact on natural resources. It is the biggest challenge for urban planners to achieve sustainable development. Developing countries like India, where the population is increasing at an alarming pace, require more attention towards this problem. In this study, an attempt has been made to measure and monitor urban sprawl in Jaipur (Capital, State of Rajasthan, India). Built-up area with corresponding population has been analysed over a period of 41 years (1972-2013). Remotely sensed images of 1972-2013 (MSS, TM and ETM+) have been classified using Supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) for digital image processing. Shannon's entropy has been used to quantify the degree of urban sprawl, and eight landscape metrics have also been used to quantify urban sprawl and its pattern.

Exploring the relationships between urban form metrics and the vegetation biomass loss under urban expansion in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-380
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Sophia Shuang Chen ◽  
Guangyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Urban Metrics ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Loss Index

Compact urban form has been applied as a strategy to reduce the loss of green space that occurs from development, but the impact of this policy on the provision of green space still presents many uncertainties. This research investigated the statistical relationship between urban form indicators and the loss of vegetation biomass to understand the response of quality green space provision to changes in urban morphology. A methodology combining multi-source data assimilation, statistical analysis, and spatial analysis was adopted for the Yangtze River Delta cities of China. First, six urban metrics were selected to describe the shape and layout of urban patches in each city, and the total biomass loss index was then introduced as a parameter. The values of urban metrics and total biomass loss index were calculated for the 50 Yangtze River Delta cities. Second, ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression analyses were then used to establish a quantitative relationship between total biomass loss index and urban form indicators. The results revealed an extremely negative correlation between total biomass loss index and the three urban variables of Richard compactness, density gradient, and the Gini coefficient; moreover, the parameter estimates for the three variables in the geographically weighted regression model were local and varied over space. Third, the mechanisms by which the urban form influences biomass loss were discussed and different urban form planning strategies for particular urban areas were suggested. In conclusion, compact urban form in a clustered layout of urban areas with a dense central agglomeration was verified to be ecologically superior and conducive to green space protection. For the physical interpretation of the statistical relationship between urban morphology and vegetation loss, the interface effect of urban agglomeration on vegetation merits further study.

A method for energy efficiency assessment during urban energy planning

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Regina de Casas Castro Marins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Urban Energy

Purpose – Energy use in urban areas has turned a subject of local and worldwide interest over the last few years, especially emphasized by the correlated greenhouse gases emissions. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the overall energy efficiency potential and emissions resulting from integrated solutions in urban energy planning, in the scale of districts and neighbourhoods in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – The approach is based on the description and the application of a method to analyse energy performance of urban areas and support their planning. It is a quantitative bottom-up method and involves urban morphology, urban mobility, buildings and energy supply systems. Procedures are applied to the case study of Agua Branca urban development area, located in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Findings – In the case of Agua Branca area, energy efficiency measures in buildings have shown to be very important mostly for the buildings economies themselves. For the area as a whole, strategies in promoting public transport are more effective in terms of energy efficiency and also to decrease pollutant emissions. Originality/value – Literature review has shown there is a lack of approaches and procedures able to support urban energy planning at a community scale. The bottom-up method presented in this paper integrates a plenty of disaggregated and multisectoral parameters at the same stage in urban planning and shows that is possible to identify the most promising actions by building overall performance indexes.

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