Evaluating and Visualizing Drivers of Coastline Change: A Lake Ontario Case Study

Environmental and climatic changes are disproportionately felt in coastal communities, where drivers of coastline change are complicated with continued development. This study analyzed the coastline change of Lake Ontario in the Town of Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, using a mixed-methods two-phased approach that is novel to the study area. The first phase of the methodology included a coastline change analysis using historical aerial photographs in a geographic information system to identify the most vulnerable sections of the coastline. To better understand the calculated changes, the second phase explored the roles of select climatic and non-climatic drivers of coastline change, such as historic storms and land use changes. The results indicated that four main areas of Lincoln’s coast were more vulnerable, with rates of erosion between −0.32 and −0.66 m/yr between 1934 and 2018. Sections of coastline that had less erosion included those that were more heavily vegetated, attempted a cooperative protection approach, or utilized revetment stones in areas without steep banks. This methodology can help municipalities understand coastline change in a more holistic way to increase their adaptive capacity and allows for the creation of useful visualizations that better communicate to residents and town staff the level of vulnerability of their coasts.

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Land-Use Dynamics in Transport-Impacted Urban Fabric: A Case Study of Martin–Vrútky, Slovakia

Land ◽

10.3390/land9080273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 273

Author(s):

Jana Nozdrovická ◽

Ivo Dostál ◽

František Petrovič ◽

Imrich Jakab ◽

Marek Havlíček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Road Transport ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Landscape Changes ◽

The Past ◽

The City ◽

The Town ◽

Past Conditions

The paper evaluates landscape development, land-use changes, and transport infrastructure variations in the city of Martin and the town of Vrútky, Slovakia, over the past 70 years. It focuses on analyses of the landscape structures characterizing the study area in several time periods (1949, 1970, 1993, 2003); the past conditions are then compared with the relevant current structure (2018). Special attention is paid to the evolution of the landscape elements forming the transport infrastructure. The development and progressive changes in traffic intensities are presented in view of the resulting impact on the formation of the landscape structure. The research data confirm the importance of transport as a force determining landscape changes, and they indicate that while railroad accessibility embodied a crucial factor up to the 1970s, the more recent decades were characterized by a gradual shift to road transport.

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Accuracy of Digital Surface Models derived from archival aerial photographs. Case study for the Czech Republic.

Geoinformatics FCE CTU ◽

10.14311/gi.16.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jan Pacina ◽

Jan Popelka

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Aerial Images ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Change Analysis ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Accuracy Test ◽

Surface Models ◽

Images Processing

The archival aerial photographs are widely used for landscape change analysis, settlement identification or georelief reconstructions. The large archive of old aerial photographs is available for the whole Czech Republic and these data are often used by scientists, historians, students, etc. The quality of the datasets (orthophoto, digital surface models) resulting from archival aerial images processing is crucial for the ongoing analyses. The accuracy test of digital surface models derived from archival aerial images origintaing from 1938 and 1953 is presented within this paper. These two timelines were chosen because they preserve the landscape structure in the begining of the heavy indudstrialization of the Czech Republic.

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How Did Sheep Save the Day? The Role of Dry Stone Wall Heritage and Agropastorality in Historical Landscape Preservation. A Case-Study of the Town of Cres Olive Grove

Land ◽

10.3390/land10090978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Tanja Kremenić ◽

Goran Andlar ◽

Mauro Varotto

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscape ◽

Good Practice ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Stone Wall ◽

Wall Structures ◽

Landscape Preservation ◽

Olive Groves ◽

The Town

The dry stone wall landscape surrounding the town of Cres is a unique cultural landscape; it is one of the largest well-preserved historical olive groves in the Croatian Adriatic, while simultaneously serving as pasture for sheep. Still, there are currently no studies that capture this landscape as a multifunctional whole or which acknowledge its relevance within the current multidisciplinary discussions. The aim of this paper is to clarify past and current circumstances surrounding and affecting it. The study focuses on two main pillars of landscape preservation: (1) dry stone wall structures and (2) agro-pastoral practices; giving an overview of its historical formation and current management and trends. The goal is to establish knowledge that can be used as a foundation for the management of this area and present a good practice example for the preservation of historical landscapes in the Mediterranean region. The research involved combined desk and fieldwork: cartographic data analysis, literature analysis, GIS elaboration, terrestrial and aerial photographs and observations, followed by interviews with local informants. Continuous investing in the production of quality olive oil and the evolution of the landscape into a multifunctional agro-pastoral-touristic space is what enabled its preservation. This multifunctionality can only be matched by a diversity of scientific studies and this study aimed at providing the first step—a foundation for the identification of the values of the Cres landscape, with the scope of better precising further planning and management.

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Interactive acculturation of Turkish-Belgian parents and children in Flanders: A case study of Beringen

MIGRATION LETTERS ◽

10.33182/ml.v16i3.601 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 417-428

Author(s):

Özgün Ünver ◽

Ides Nicaise

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Maternal Employment ◽

Domain Specificity ◽

Specific Context ◽

Childhood Education ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Education And Care ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Town

This article tackles the relationship between Turkish-Belgian families with the Flemish society, within the specific context of their experiences with early childhood education and care (ECEC) system in Flanders. Our findings are based on a focus group with mothers in the town of Beringen. The intercultural dimension of the relationships between these families and ECEC services is discussed using the Interactive Acculturation Model (IAM). The acculturation patterns are discussed under three main headlines: language acquisition, social interaction and maternal employment. Within the context of IAM, our findings point to some degree of separationism of Turkish-Belgian families, while they perceive the Flemish majority to have an assimilationist attitude. This combination suggests a conflictual type of interaction. However, both parties also display some traits of integrationism, which points to the domain-specificity of interactive acculturation.

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Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Vulnerability Mapping of Flood Hazard: A Case Study of Pune City

10.21523/gcj5.18020105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-52

Author(s):

Nitin Mundhe

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽

Flood Hazards ◽

Very High Frequency ◽

Flood Vulnerability ◽

Natural Risk ◽

The Town

Floods are natural risk with a very high frequency, which causes to environmental, social, economic and human losses. The floods in the town happen mainly due to human made activities about the blockage of natural drainage, haphazard construction of roads, building, and high rainfall intensity. Detailed maps showing flood vulnerability areas are helpful in management of flood hazards. Therefore, present research focused on identifying flood vulnerability zones in the Pune City using multi-criteria decision-making approach in Geographical Information System (GIS) and inputs from remotely sensed imageries. Other input data considered for preparing base maps are census details, City maps, and fieldworks. The Pune City classified in to four flood vulnerability classes essential for flood risk management. About 5 per cent area shows high vulnerability for floods in localities namely Wakdewadi, some part of the Shivajinagar, Sangamwadi, Aundh, and Baner with high risk.

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TERRITÓRIO EM DISPUTA NO LITORAL CEARENSE: A RESISTÊNCIA/INOVAÇÃO DO TURISMO COMUNITÁRIO DIANTE DAS AÇÕES E CONTRADIÇÕES DO ESTADO

GEOgraphia ◽

10.22409/geographia2018.2042.a13836 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (42) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Lenilton Francisco de Assis

Keyword(s):

State Government ◽

Coastal Communities ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Public Investments ◽

Living Space ◽

Tourism Geography ◽

Community Tourism ◽

Worldwide Network ◽

Low Pay

Resumo: O litoral cearense do Nordeste brasileiro já registra várias experiências exitosas de turismo comunitário. Porém, o governo do estado continua preterindo esse potencial e subsidiando a instalação de megaempreendimentos que geram poucos empregos com baixas remunerações. Assim, as comunidades litorâneas que protagonizam o turismo comunitário ficam duplamente penalizadas, pois são deixadas à margem das políticas de turismo e seus territórios viram alvos da cobiça de visitantes atraídos pelo marketing dos investimentos públicos realizados. Tomando como estudo de caso a comunidade de Tatajuba, no município de Camocim, no Ceará, este artigo analisa a luta dos povos do mar pelo território, luta essa que não se traduz apenas na defesa do espaço de vivência, mas também na formação de uma rede de territórios solidários articulados ao mundo, que resiste/inova com a proposta do turismo comunitário. Palavras-chave: Turismo. Território. Turismo comunitário. Geografia do turismo. Tatajuba. DISPUTED TERRITORY ON THE COAST OF CEARÁ: THE STRENGTH AND INNOVATION OF COMMUNITY TOURISM ON THE ACTIONS AND CONTRADICTIONS OF STATEAbstract: The cearense coast of Northeastern Brazil already registers several successful experiences of Community tourism. However, the state government is still neglecting this potential and subsidizing the installation of mega-enterprises that generate few jobs with low pay. Thus, the coastal communities who star the community tourism are doubly penalized because they are abandoned by tourism policies and their territories become targets of greed of visitors attracted by the marketing of public investments. Taking as a case study the community of Tatajuba, in Camocim (municipality, Ceará, Brazil), this article examines the struggle of the peoples of the sea through the territory. This fight not only translates on defense of the living space, but also it represents the formation of a worldwide network of solidary territories that resists and innovates with the proposal of community tourism.Keywords: Tourism. Territory. Community tourism. Tourism geography. Tatajuba. DISPUTA DE TERRITÓRIO EN LA COSTA DE CEARÁ: LA FUERZA/INNOVACIÓN DEL TURISMO COMUNITÁRIO SOBRE LAS ACCIONES Y LAS CONTRADICCIONES DEL ESTADOResumen: El turismo comunitario ya registra varias experiencias exitosas em la costa de Ceará en el noreste de Brasil. Sin embargo, el gobierno del estado continúa pasando por encima de este potencial y subvencionando la instalación de mega-empresas que generan pocos empleos con bajos salarios. Por lo tanto, las comunidades costeras que ofrecen el turismo comunitario son doblemente penalizadas porque quedan excluidas de las políticas de turismo y sus territorios se convierten en objeto de la codicia de los visitantes atraídos por la comercialización de las inversiones públicas. Tomando como caso de estudio la comunidad Tatajuba, en el municipio de Camocim, este artículo examina la lucha de los pueblos del mar por el territorio, lucha que no sólo se traduce en la defensa del espacio de vida, sino también en la formación de una red de territorios articulado con el mundo que resiste e innova con la propuesta del turismo comunitario.Palabras clave: Turismo. Territorio. Turismo comunitario. Geografia del turismo. Tatajuba.

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Policy Strategies to Revive Rural Land in Peri-Metropolitan Towns: Resource Identification, Capitalization, and Financialization

Land ◽

10.3390/land10020132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 132

Author(s):

Wei Li ◽

Zhanwei Zhang ◽

Yang Zhou

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Master Planning ◽

Leading Role ◽

Multifunctional Land Use ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

Resource Identification ◽

The Government ◽

Interpretative Approach ◽

The Town

Previous planning for rural revival in towns has emphasized construction and government-led policies. However, we argue that the dilemmas of peri-metropolitan rural areas, such as Desakota in China, are far more complex faced with rural super village and hollowed village transformations. Rural revival planning needs to coordinate with the development of urbanized and rural areas towards multifunctional goals and plans as a whole. Therefore, we selected the town master plan of Lijia, a typical peri-metropolitan village in China, as a case study. Through a historical–interpretative approach involving analysis of planning policies, questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with the key stakeholders involved, we structured the process and mechanism of rural revival in Lijia into three phases: resource identification, capitalization, and financialization. In different phases, different stakeholders adopt different roles. The government takes a leading role in resource identification and capitalization, while firms take a leading role in the process of financialization. “Market-dominant and government-guided” planning stimulates villagers to participate in rural revival. We highlight the importance of multifunctional land-use in terms of rural revival in the master planning of peri-metropolitan villages and provide a practical reference for uniting multiple stakeholders, including governments, firms, and villagers.

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Medina Gounass: Constructing Extra-National Space in a West African Borderland

African Studies Review ◽

10.1017/asr.2020.130 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

David Newman Glovsky

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

West African ◽

Religious Community ◽

National Space ◽

Cross Border ◽

History Of ◽

Postcolonial Africa ◽

Postcolonial States ◽

The Town

Abstract The historical autonomy of the religious community of Medina Gounass in Senegal represents an alternative geographic territory to that of colonial and postcolonial states. The borderland location of Medina Gounass allowed the town to detach itself from colonial and independent Senegal, creating parallel governmental structures and imposing a particular interpretation of Islamic law. While in certain facets this autonomy was limited, the community was able to distance itself through immigration, cross-border religious ties, and smuggling. Glovsky’s analysis of the history of Medina Gounass offers a case study for the multiplicity of geographical and territorial entities in colonial and postcolonial Africa.

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Rural-Spatial Restructuring Promoted by Land-Use Transitions: A Case Study of Zhulin Town in Central China

Land ◽

10.3390/land10030234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 234

Author(s):

Dong Han ◽

Jiajun Qiao ◽

Qiankun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Rural Development ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Central China ◽

Rural Space ◽

Spatial Restructuring ◽

Local Actors ◽

The Impact

Rural-spatial restructuring involves the spatial mapping of the current rural development process. The transformation of land-use morphologies, directly or indirectly, affects the practice of rural restructuring. Analyzing this process in terms of the dominant morphology and recessive morphology is helpful for better grasping the overall picture of rural-spatial restructuring. Accordingly, this paper took Zhulin Town in Central China as a case study area. We propose a method for studying rural-spatial restructuring based on changes in the dominant and recessive morphologies of land use. This process was realized by analyzing the distribution and functional suitability of ecological-production-living (EPL) spaces based on land-use types, data on land-use changes obtained over a 30-year observation period, and in-depth research. We found that examining rural-spatial restructuring by matching the distribution of EPL spaces with their functional suitability can help to avoid the misjudgment of the restructuring mode caused by the consideration of the distribution and structural changes in quantity, facilitating greater understanding of the process of rural-spatial restructuring. Although the distribution and quantitative structure of Zhulin’s EPL spaces have changed to differing degrees, ecological- and agricultural-production spaces still predominate, and their functional suitability has gradually increased. The spatial distribution and functional suitability of Zhulin are generally well matched, with 62.5% of the matched types being high-quality growth, and the positive effect of Zhulin’s spatial restructuring over the past 30 years has been significant. We found that combining changes in EPL spatial area and quantity as well as changes in functional suitability is helpful in better understanding the impact of the national macro-policy shift regarding rural development. Sustaining the positive spatial restructuring of rural space requires the timely adjustment of local actors in accordance with the needs of macroeconomic and social development, and a good rural-governance model is essential.

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Architectural and Urban Attractiveness of Small Towns: A Case Study of Polish Coastal Cittaslow Towns on the Pomeranian Way of St. James

Land ◽

10.3390/land10070724 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 724

Author(s):

Alicja K. Zawadzka

Keyword(s):

Small Towns ◽

Urban Life ◽

Added Value ◽

Development Policies ◽

Quality Of Urban Life ◽

Size Criterion ◽

The Town ◽

Modern Technologies

The paper presents the results of a study on the attractiveness to tourists and natives of the cultural qualities of coastal towns on The Pomeranian Way of St. James that are members of the Cittaslow network. Attention to the quality of urban life is inscribed in the development policies of towns applying to join the Cittaslow movement. In order to join the network (apart from the size criterion), towns need to meet a minimum of 50% plus one of the 72 criteria grouped into seven categories. One of the category is Quality of Urban Life Policy, so the towns applying to join Cittaslow commit themselves to actions aimed at improving the quality of urban life. The study on the attractiveness of cultural qualities of towns to tourists and natives was conducted using the author’s BRB method, whose added value is its universality and the possibility to study small towns regardless of their membership in the Cittaslow network. BRB is an acronym that stands for BUILDINGS, RELATIONSHIPS, BALANCE, and comprises three scopes of activities: BUILDINGS (iconic building and important sites where the inhabitants and the tourists are present); RELATIONSHIPS (the visual effects of the relations between the inhabitants and the town) and BALANCE (solutions that implement modern technologies). This method enables identification of places that are important to the inhabitants, where urban life takes place and which are often created with the involvement of the inhabitants. These are often the same spaces as those that attract tourists and perhaps stimulate them the desire to visit the town again (BRB—be right back). The aim of the BRB method is shown the attractiveness of small towns. The study has shown that the characteristic feature of Polish Cittaslow towns is their diversity: the architectural attractiveness of three towns is high both to tourists and natives. On the other hand, the urban attractiveness of the examined towns is an insufficient.

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