scholarly journals Defining a Model for Integrating Indoor and Outdoor Network Data to Support Seamless Navigation Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Alexis Richard C. Claridades ◽  
Jiyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Data Models ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Seamless Connection ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Spaces are continuous realms where human beings freely navigate, such as from indoor to outdoor and optionally to another indoor space. However, currently available data models to represent space for navigation do not entirely reflect this continuity of freedom and movement. Data conversion or complications in implementation hinder current approaches to link indoor space with outdoor space due to the variety of present data models. Furthermore, this representation of indoor–outdoor connection becomes oversimplified during the integration process. Consequently, location-based applications based on these datasets are limited in conveying mobility within these spaces and aiding navigation activity. This paper defines a framework for integrating indoor and outdoor navigable space to enable seamless navigation. This model enables the connection between indoor and outdoor navigation networks. We describe the connections between these networks through spatial relationships, which can be generalized to represent various cases of indoor–outdoor transitional spaces. Using sample datasets, we demonstrate the framework’s potential to provide a seamless connection between indoor and outdoor space in a route analysis experiment.

scholarly journals TOWARDS REPRESENTING TRANSITIONAL SPACES: DEVELOPMENTAL DIRECTION FOR INDOORGML ANCHOR NODE

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W4-2021 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. R. C. Claridades ◽  
M. Kim ◽  
S. Park ◽  
J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Anchor Node ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Feature Representations ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Abstract. Naturally, human beings freely navigate indoor space to outdoor space and optionally to another indoor space. However, currently available data models to represent space do not fully reflect this freedom and continuity of movement. These shortfalls hinder the development of location-based applications from aiding this navigation activity and affect the accuracy and optimality of route analysis. Existing models used for this purpose either represent indoor and outdoor space separately or use direct links that do not fully represent the freedom of movement and the complexity of urban areas. While these approaches use single-feature representations of the connection of these spaces through nodes for the building entrances, Transitional Spaces exist at these locations and must be represented accordingly in navigation networks. In this paper, we illustrate how currently defined IndoorGML concepts can be utilized for integrating indoor and outdoor navigation networks through the Transitional Spaces. We perform an experimental case using sample data to demonstrate the limitations of this model. From this, we discuss the developmental direction of the Anchor Node concept towards developing a model to fully represent navigation on an integrated indoor-outdoor network.

PENGARUH KONFIGURASI DAN VISIBILITAS RUANG PADA AKSESIBILITAS, Studi Kasus pada Kawasan XT Square Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Widi Cahya Yudhanta
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Space ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
The People ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Space Pattern ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Shape Influence

Abstract: XT Square is a kind of building having cultural commerciality function. The existence of this building is very important in supporting artists who live within it. Layout pattern becomes one of accessibility factors in XT Square area. Configuration and visibility shape influence the use of space pattern and people’s interest pattern in accessing every space in the building. The setting system between indoor space and outdoor space will give an easy effort for the people in living in and recognizing the space that it can be accessed comfortably. Configuration and visibility approachs are used in order to analyse the accessibility level of the space usage in that area. The result of the visibility and configuration analysis shows that there are many spaces having low integration that blocks do not integrated strongly and low visibility influences the appearance of the building in that area. This research suggest to open the visibility barrier and give high visibility that it can be recognized.Keywords: configuration, accessibility, visibility, system setting Abstraksi: XT Square merupakan bangunan dengan fungsi komersial budaya. Keberadaanya menjadi sangat penting guna mendukung pengrajin kesenian dan budaya di Kota Yogyakarta. Pola layout menjadi salah satu faktor aksesibilitas dalam kawasan XT Square. Bentuk konfigurasi dan visibilitas mempengaruhi pola pengunaan ruang dan pola keterarikan orang dalam mengakses setiap ruang dalam kawasan. Sistem setting antar ruang dalam dan ruang luar menjadikan kemudahan penguna dalam menempati ruang dan pengenalan ruang sehingga ruang menjadi nyaman untuk diakses. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konfigurasi dan visibilitas, guna menganalisis tingkat aksesibilitas pengunaan ruang dalam kawasan. Hasil analisis visibilitas dan konfigurasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak ruang dengan integrasi lemah sehingga blok tidak saling terintegrasi dengan kuat serta rendahnya visibilitas setiap bangunan dalam kawasan. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi dengan membuka pengahalang visibilitas dan memberi kantung tangkapan visibilitas agar ruang mudah dikenali.Kata kunci: konfigurasi, aksesibilitas, visibilitas, sistem setting

scholarly journals CFD Analysis of Indoor Chlorine Gas Dispersion Storage: Temperatures, Wind Velocities and Ventilation Effects Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M. Safakar ◽  
S. Syafiie ◽  
R. Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Dense Gas ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Gas Dispersion ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Chlorine Gas ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Wind Velocities

The Chemical products factories encounter inherent environmental risks in the process. The indoor release of hazardous chemical gases that are heavier than the air is nowadays a special subject for scrutiny because the dense clouds of the gas have a tendency to insist on the ground level or near the human breath level, causing fatal injuries or other potential health threats to human beings. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT was employed in order to model the accidental indoor dispersion of a dense gas (chlorine) from a small undetected leak in an indoor industrial environment. Furthermore, the effects of different temperatures, wind velocities and ventilation on diffusion of chlorine are investigated in this paper. Results of the simulations represented that the chlorine gas dispersion would behave like the liquid and currents on the floor. It was also found that the chlorine concentration above the ground level increased slowly. Showing the effects of various temperatures and wind on spreading the dense gas will help to better identify the potential risks. In this research, the effects of the environmental situations with the release and spread of chlorine in the indoor space were meticulously investigated.

Network data models for representation of uncertainty

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill P. Buckles ◽  
Frederick E. Petry ◽  
Jayadev Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Data Models ◽  
Network Data

scholarly journals INDOORGML – A STANDARD FOR INDOOR SPATIAL MODELING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 701-704
Author(s):  
Ki-Joune Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Core Module ◽  
Outdoor Space

With recent progress of mobile devices and indoor positioning technologies, it becomes possible to provide location-based services in indoor space as well as outdoor space. It is in a seamless way between indoor and outdoor spaces or in an independent way only for indoor space. However, we cannot simply apply spatial models developed for outdoor space to indoor space due to their differences. For example, coordinate reference systems are employed to indicate a specific position in outdoor space, while the location in indoor space is rather specified by cell number such as room number. Unlike outdoor space, the distance between two points in indoor space is not determined by the length of the straight line but the constraints given by indoor components such as walls, stairs, and doors. For this reason, we need to establish a new framework for indoor space from fundamental theoretical basis, indoor spatial data models, and information systems to store, manage, and analyse indoor spatial data. In order to provide this framework, an international standard, called IndoorGML has been developed and published by OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). This standard is based on a cellular notion of space, which considers an indoor space as a set of non-overlapping cells. It consists of two types of modules; core module and extension module. While core module consists of four basic conceptual and implementation modeling components (geometric model for cell, topology between cells, semantic model of cell, and multi-layered space model), extension modules may be defined on the top of the core module to support an application area. As the first version of the standard, we provide an extension for indoor navigation.

scholarly journals A BOOK RETRIEVAL AND LOCATION SYSTEM BASED ON REAL-SCENE 3D

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
S. Wei ◽  
B. Li ◽  
Z. Guo ◽  
S. Guo ◽  
L. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Location System ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Real Scene ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> With the development of urbanization, the building structures are more and more complex, and various moving objects, such as human beings, robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, often travel through indoor and outdoor 3D space, which puts forward higher requirements for the accurate search and location in indoor and outdoor space. At present, most of the spatial location methods for indoor entities are carried out through 2D maps. However, the indoor environment is a complex 3D space, which increases the difficulty of the search process. In addition, 2D map cannot accurately display the 3D spatial position of the entity. Therefore, it is difficult for 2D maps to search and locate in complex environment. Therefore, how to quickly and effectively carry out spatial location query in complex indoor environment has become an urgent problem to be solved. Taking the library of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture as an example, this paper obtains the indoor 3D information of the library based on SLAM, processes and publishes the acquired 3D information on IndoorViewer, and uses its API in the book retrieval system. Finally, a book retrieval and location system based on real-scene 3D is finished.</p>

scholarly journals Allocentric location cues and the visual guidance of walking towards seen targets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey A. Herlihey ◽  
Danlu Cen ◽  
Seralynne Vann ◽  
Cyril Charron ◽  
Simon Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Standard Technique ◽  
Visual Guidance ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
On Line ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Egocentric Direction

We hypothesised allocentric location cues (information about the location of an observer relative to the surrounding environment) have a role in the on-line visual guidance of walking towards seen target objects. We used a standard technique for assessing the contribution of cues when walking to targets: we perturbed the perceived egocentric direction of the target, and measured the curvature of the resultant walking trajectories. By removing motion cues we were able to isolate allocentric location cues and quantify their utility. Enclosed, geometrically regular, environments contain rich allocentric location cues. In the first experiment participants walked through a large enclosed outdoor space; allocentric cues were isolated by synchronised eye closing and stepping. In the second experiment participants walked through a smaller enclosed indoor space; allocentric cues were isolated with stroboscopic lighting. Both experiments provided support for the hypothesis that, when they are available, allocentric location cues have a key role when walking to seen targets.

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