scholarly journals Allocentric location cues and the visual guidance of walking towards seen targets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey A. Herlihey ◽  
Danlu Cen ◽  
Seralynne Vann ◽  
Cyril Charron ◽  
Simon Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Standard Technique ◽  
Visual Guidance ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
On Line ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Egocentric Direction

We hypothesised allocentric location cues (information about the location of an observer relative to the surrounding environment) have a role in the on-line visual guidance of walking towards seen target objects. We used a standard technique for assessing the contribution of cues when walking to targets: we perturbed the perceived egocentric direction of the target, and measured the curvature of the resultant walking trajectories. By removing motion cues we were able to isolate allocentric location cues and quantify their utility. Enclosed, geometrically regular, environments contain rich allocentric location cues. In the first experiment participants walked through a large enclosed outdoor space; allocentric cues were isolated by synchronised eye closing and stepping. In the second experiment participants walked through a smaller enclosed indoor space; allocentric cues were isolated with stroboscopic lighting. Both experiments provided support for the hypothesis that, when they are available, allocentric location cues have a key role when walking to seen targets.

PENGARUH KONFIGURASI DAN VISIBILITAS RUANG PADA AKSESIBILITAS, Studi Kasus pada Kawasan XT Square Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Widi Cahya Yudhanta
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Space ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
The People ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Space Pattern ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Shape Influence

Abstract: XT Square is a kind of building having cultural commerciality function. The existence of this building is very important in supporting artists who live within it. Layout pattern becomes one of accessibility factors in XT Square area. Configuration and visibility shape influence the use of space pattern and people’s interest pattern in accessing every space in the building. The setting system between indoor space and outdoor space will give an easy effort for the people in living in and recognizing the space that it can be accessed comfortably. Configuration and visibility approachs are used in order to analyse the accessibility level of the space usage in that area. The result of the visibility and configuration analysis shows that there are many spaces having low integration that blocks do not integrated strongly and low visibility influences the appearance of the building in that area. This research suggest to open the visibility barrier and give high visibility that it can be recognized.Keywords: configuration, accessibility, visibility, system setting Abstraksi: XT Square merupakan bangunan dengan fungsi komersial budaya. Keberadaanya menjadi sangat penting guna mendukung pengrajin kesenian dan budaya di Kota Yogyakarta. Pola layout menjadi salah satu faktor aksesibilitas dalam kawasan XT Square. Bentuk konfigurasi dan visibilitas mempengaruhi pola pengunaan ruang dan pola keterarikan orang dalam mengakses setiap ruang dalam kawasan. Sistem setting antar ruang dalam dan ruang luar menjadikan kemudahan penguna dalam menempati ruang dan pengenalan ruang sehingga ruang menjadi nyaman untuk diakses. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konfigurasi dan visibilitas, guna menganalisis tingkat aksesibilitas pengunaan ruang dalam kawasan. Hasil analisis visibilitas dan konfigurasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak ruang dengan integrasi lemah sehingga blok tidak saling terintegrasi dengan kuat serta rendahnya visibilitas setiap bangunan dalam kawasan. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi dengan membuka pengahalang visibilitas dan memberi kantung tangkapan visibilitas agar ruang mudah dikenali.Kata kunci: konfigurasi, aksesibilitas, visibilitas, sistem setting

scholarly journals INDOORGML – A STANDARD FOR INDOOR SPATIAL MODELING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 701-704
Author(s):  
Ki-Joune Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Core Module ◽  
Outdoor Space

With recent progress of mobile devices and indoor positioning technologies, it becomes possible to provide location-based services in indoor space as well as outdoor space. It is in a seamless way between indoor and outdoor spaces or in an independent way only for indoor space. However, we cannot simply apply spatial models developed for outdoor space to indoor space due to their differences. For example, coordinate reference systems are employed to indicate a specific position in outdoor space, while the location in indoor space is rather specified by cell number such as room number. Unlike outdoor space, the distance between two points in indoor space is not determined by the length of the straight line but the constraints given by indoor components such as walls, stairs, and doors. For this reason, we need to establish a new framework for indoor space from fundamental theoretical basis, indoor spatial data models, and information systems to store, manage, and analyse indoor spatial data. In order to provide this framework, an international standard, called IndoorGML has been developed and published by OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). This standard is based on a cellular notion of space, which considers an indoor space as a set of non-overlapping cells. It consists of two types of modules; core module and extension module. While core module consists of four basic conceptual and implementation modeling components (geometric model for cell, topology between cells, semantic model of cell, and multi-layered space model), extension modules may be defined on the top of the core module to support an application area. As the first version of the standard, we provide an extension for indoor navigation.

scholarly journals The brain compass: a perspective on how self-motion updates the head direction cell attractor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Laurens ◽  
Dora E. Angelaki
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Motion Velocity ◽  
Head Direction Cells ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Head Direction Cell ◽  
On Line ◽  
Self Motion

ABSTRACTHead Direction cells form an internal compass that signals head azimuth orientation even in the absence of visual landmarks. It is well accepted that head direction properties are generated through a ring attractor that is updated using rotation self-motion cues. The properties and origin of this self-motion velocity drive remain, however, unknown. We propose a unified, quantitative framework whereby the attractor velocity input represents a multisensory self-motion estimate computed through an internal model that uses sensory prediction error based on vestibular, visual, and somatosensory cues to improve on-line motor drive. We show how context-dependent strength of recurrent connections within the attractor itself, rather than the self-motion input, explain differences in head direction cell firing between free foraging and restrained movements. We also summarize recent findings on how head tilt relative to gravity influences the azimuth coding of head direction cells, and explain why and how these effects reflect an updating self-motion velocity drive that is not purely egocentric. Finally, we highlight recent findings that the internal compass may be three-dimensional and hypothesize that the additional vertical degrees of freedom are defined based on global allocentric gravity cues.

scholarly journals INDOORGML – A STANDARD FOR INDOOR SPATIAL MODELING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Joune Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Core Module ◽  
Outdoor Space

With recent progress of mobile devices and indoor positioning technologies, it becomes possible to provide location-based services in indoor space as well as outdoor space. It is in a seamless way between indoor and outdoor spaces or in an independent way only for indoor space. However, we cannot simply apply spatial models developed for outdoor space to indoor space due to their differences. For example, coordinate reference systems are employed to indicate a specific position in outdoor space, while the location in indoor space is rather specified by cell number such as room number. Unlike outdoor space, the distance between two points in indoor space is not determined by the length of the straight line but the constraints given by indoor components such as walls, stairs, and doors. For this reason, we need to establish a new framework for indoor space from fundamental theoretical basis, indoor spatial data models, and information systems to store, manage, and analyse indoor spatial data. In order to provide this framework, an international standard, called IndoorGML has been developed and published by OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium). This standard is based on a cellular notion of space, which considers an indoor space as a set of non-overlapping cells. It consists of two types of modules; core module and extension module. While core module consists of four basic conceptual and implementation modeling components (geometric model for cell, topology between cells, semantic model of cell, and multi-layered space model), extension modules may be defined on the top of the core module to support an application area. As the first version of the standard, we provide an extension for indoor navigation.

scholarly journals Thermal environment mitigation effects in suburban area

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06041
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Kurazumi ◽  
Emi Kondo ◽  
Kenta Fukagawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Yamato ◽  
Kunihito Tobita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Psychological Responses ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the physiological and psychological responses of the human body and the outdoor environment evaluation index ETFe (enhanced conductioncorrected modified effective temperature). The experiments were carried out in summer. For the measurements, observation points were selected with consideration for the condition of the ground surface such as bare ground where the surface is gravel or soil; paved ground such as concrete, asphalt or blocks; green areas covered in plants and water surfaces and with consideration for the condition of the sky factor due to buildings or trees. 19 observation points were chosen. Subjects were 38 healthy young. ETFe that was considered to report neither hot nor cold, thermally neutral sensation, was 30.6°C. ETFe that was considered to report neither comfortable nor uncomfortable comfort was 35.5°C. It was considered that the threshold for the human body with regards to thermal environment stimuli in an outdoor space is higher than the thermal environment stimuli in a summer indoor space.

scholarly journals Green Placement – An Innovative Concept & Strategy in Campus Placement Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Shenoy ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Change ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Hiring Practices ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Job Selection ◽  
Time Space ◽  
On Line ◽  
Innovative Concept

<div><p class="DefaultStyle"><em>Campus Placements as we know today is a process involving interview of college students by recruiting companies utilizing institutional resources towards candidate job selection. The same campus placements which are being traditionally conducted by the arrival of HR Team to campus, their pre-placement talk about company and job description with the gradual interview rounds is slowly beginning to shift its perspectives towards a more greener stature. Especially now with the application of modern technology in hiring practices like E-Recruiting or On-line Recruitment, the entire campus recruitment  process is also poised to leap towards a rapid change. Therefore, this research paper aims to construct an ideal strategy towards implementing campus placement process in parallel lines of E-Recruiting as well but with a more environment-friendly approach. This on-line campus placement process termed as 'Green Placements' will thrive as a conceptual model focused on to reduce resource wastages, save water, time, space, electricity by preserving the surrounding environment clean and green whilst the placement activity is being conducted at the college.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals TOWARDS REPRESENTING TRANSITIONAL SPACES: DEVELOPMENTAL DIRECTION FOR INDOORGML ANCHOR NODE

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W4-2021 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. R. C. Claridades ◽  
M. Kim ◽  
S. Park ◽  
J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Anchor Node ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Feature Representations ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Abstract. Naturally, human beings freely navigate indoor space to outdoor space and optionally to another indoor space. However, currently available data models to represent space do not fully reflect this freedom and continuity of movement. These shortfalls hinder the development of location-based applications from aiding this navigation activity and affect the accuracy and optimality of route analysis. Existing models used for this purpose either represent indoor and outdoor space separately or use direct links that do not fully represent the freedom of movement and the complexity of urban areas. While these approaches use single-feature representations of the connection of these spaces through nodes for the building entrances, Transitional Spaces exist at these locations and must be represented accordingly in navigation networks. In this paper, we illustrate how currently defined IndoorGML concepts can be utilized for integrating indoor and outdoor navigation networks through the Transitional Spaces. We perform an experimental case using sample data to demonstrate the limitations of this model. From this, we discuss the developmental direction of the Anchor Node concept towards developing a model to fully represent navigation on an integrated indoor-outdoor network.

scholarly journals Defining a Model for Integrating Indoor and Outdoor Network Data to Support Seamless Navigation Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Alexis Richard C. Claridades ◽  
Jiyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Data Models ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Analysis Experiment ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Seamless Connection ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Spaces are continuous realms where human beings freely navigate, such as from indoor to outdoor and optionally to another indoor space. However, currently available data models to represent space for navigation do not entirely reflect this continuity of freedom and movement. Data conversion or complications in implementation hinder current approaches to link indoor space with outdoor space due to the variety of present data models. Furthermore, this representation of indoor–outdoor connection becomes oversimplified during the integration process. Consequently, location-based applications based on these datasets are limited in conveying mobility within these spaces and aiding navigation activity. This paper defines a framework for integrating indoor and outdoor navigable space to enable seamless navigation. This model enables the connection between indoor and outdoor navigation networks. We describe the connections between these networks through spatial relationships, which can be generalized to represent various cases of indoor–outdoor transitional spaces. Using sample datasets, we demonstrate the framework’s potential to provide a seamless connection between indoor and outdoor space in a route analysis experiment.

The Relationship Between Scale and Strategy in Search-Based Wayfinding

2014 ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Pingel ◽  
Victor R Schinazi
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Laser Tracking ◽  
Audio Cues ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Scale Spaces ◽  
Search Quality ◽  
The Relationship

We present the results of a study that investigated the interaction of strategy and scale on search quality and efficiency for vista-scale spaces. The experiment was designed such that sighted participants were required to locate “invisible” objects whose locations were marked only with audio cues, thus enabling sight to be used for search coordination, but not for object detection. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions: a small indoor space (~20 m2), a medium-sized outdoor space (~250 m2), or a large outdoor space (~1000 m2), and the entire search for each participant was recorded either by a laser tracking system (indoor) or by GPS (outdoor). Results revealed a clear relationship between the size of space and search strategy. Individuals were likely to use ad-hoc methods in smaller spaces, but they were much more likely to search large spaces in a systematic fashion. In the smallest space, 21.5% of individuals used a systematic gridline search, but the rate increased to 56.2% for the medium-sized space, and 66.7% for the large-sized space. Similarly, individuals were much more likely to revisit previously found locations in small spaces, but avoided doing so in large spaces, instead devoting proportionally more time to search. Our results suggest that even within vista-scale spaces, perceived transport costs increase at a decreasing rate with distance, resulting in a distinct shift in exploration strategy type.

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