scholarly journals Drought Assessment Based on Fused Satellite and Station Precipitation Data: An Example from the Chengbi River Basin, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Chongxun Mo ◽  
Xuechen Meng ◽  
Yuli Ruan ◽  
Yafang Wang ◽  
Xingbi Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Cumulative Distribution Function ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Complex Calculation ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Drought poses a significant constraint on economic development. Drought assessment using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) uses only precipitation data, eliminating other redundant and complex calculation processes. However, the sparse stations in southwest China and the lack of information on actual precipitation measurements make drought assessment highly dependent on satellite precipitation data whose accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Fortunately, the Chengbi River Basin in Baise City is rich in station precipitation data. In this paper, based on the evaluation of the accuracy of IMERG precipitation data, geographically weighted regression (GWR), geographic difference analysis (GDA), and cumulative distribution function (CDF) are used to fuse station precipitation data and IMERG precipitation data, and finally, the fused precipitation data with the highest accuracy are selected to evaluate the drought situation. The results indicate that the accuracy of IMERG precipitation data needs to be improved, and the quality of CDF-fused precipitation data is higher than the other two. The drought analysis indicated that the Chengbi River Basin is in a cyclical drought and flood situation, and from October to December 2014, the SPI was basically between +1 and −1, showing a spatial pattern of slight flooding, normal conditions, and slight drought.

scholarly journals Drought assessment using a multivariate drought index in the Huaihe River basin of Eastern China

2015 ◽  
Vol 369 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
M. Zeng ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
P. Li ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Huaihe River Basin ◽  
Huaihe River ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
The Huaihe River ◽  
Multivariate Drought Index

Abstract. The Huaihe River Basin having China's highest population density (662 persons per km2) lies in a transition zone between the climates of North and South China, and is thus prone to drought. Therefore, the paper aims to develop an appropriate drought assessment approach for drought assessment in the Huaihe River basin, China. Based on the Principal Component Analysis of precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and runoff, the three latter variables of which were obtained by use of the Xin'anjiang model, a new multivariate drought index (MDI) was formulated, and its thresholds were determined by use of cumulative distribution function. The MDI, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (sc-PDSI) time series on a monthly scale were computed and compared during 1988, 1999/2000 and 2001 drought events. The results show that the MDI exhibited certain advantages over the sc-PDSI and the SPI in monitoring drought evolution. The MDI formulated by this paper could provide a scientific basis for drought mitigation and management, and references for drought assessment elsewhere in China.

scholarly journals Using integrated meteorological and hydrological indices to assess drought characteristics in southern Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 901-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Fu Yeh
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract Numerous drought index assessment methods have been developed to investigate droughts. This study proposes a more comprehensive assessment method integrating two drought indices. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) are employed to establish an integrated drought assessment method to study the trends and characteristics of droughts in southern Taiwan. The overall SPI and SDI values and the spatial and temporal distributions of droughts within a given year (November to October) revealed consistent general trends. Major droughts occurred in the periods of 1979–1980, 1992–1993, 1994–1995, and 2001–2003. According to the results of the Mann–Kendall trend test and the Theil–Sen estimator analysis, the streamflow data from the Sandimen gauging station in the Ailiao River Basin showed a 30% decrease, suggesting increasing aridity between 1964 and 2003. Hence, in terms of water resources management, special attention should be given to the Ailiao River Basin. The integrated analysis showed different types of droughts occurring in different seasons, and the results are in good agreement with the climatic characteristics of southern Taiwan. This study suggests that droughts cannot be explained fully by the application of a single drought index. Integrated analysis using multiple indices is required.

scholarly journals Early warning of drought in Europe using the monthly ensemble system from ECMWF

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 3273-3286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lavaysse ◽  
J. Vogt ◽  
F. Pappenberger
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Seasonal Forecast ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Probabilistic Forecasts ◽  
Extended Range ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract. Timely forecasts of the onset or possible evolution of droughts are an important contribution to mitigate their manifold negative effects. In this paper we therefore analyse and compare the performance of the first month of the probabilistic extended range forecast and of the seasonal forecast from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in predicting droughts over the European continent. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI-1) is used to quantify the onset or likely evolution of ongoing droughts for the next month. It can be shown that on average the extended range forecast has greater skill than the seasonal forecast, whilst both outperform climatology. No significant spatial or temporal patterns can be observed, but the scores are improved when focussing on large-scale droughts. In a second step we then analyse several different methods to convert the probabilistic forecasts of SPI into a Boolean drought warning. It can be demonstrated that methodologies which convert low percentiles of the forecasted SPI cumulative distribution function into warnings are superior in comparison with alternatives such as the mean or the median of the ensemble. The paper demonstrates that up to 40 % of droughts are correctly forecasted one month in advance. Nevertheless, during false alarms or misses, we did not find significant differences in the distribution of the ensemble members that would allow for a quantitative assessment of the uncertainty.

scholarly journals Evaluation of temporal drought variation and projection in a tropical river basin of Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Jincy Rose ◽  
N. R. Chithra
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Tropical River ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract Temperature is an indispensable parameter of climate that triggers evapotranspiration and has vital importance in aggravating drought severity. This paper analyses the existence and persistence of drought conditions which are said to prevail in a tropical river basin which was once perennial. Past observed data and future climate projections of precipitation and temperature were used for this purpose. The assessment and projection of this study employ the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) compared with that of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The results indicate the existence of drought in the past and the drought conditions that may persist in the future according to RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The past drought years identified in the study were compared with the drought declared years in the state and were found to be matching. The evaluation of the future scenarios unveils the occurrence of drought in the basin ranging from mild to extreme conditions. It has been noted that the number of moderate and severe drought months has increased based on SPEI compared to SPI, indicating the importance of temperature in drought studies. The study can be considered as a plausible scientific remark helpful in risk management and application decisions.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variation of the Meteorological and Groundwater Droughts in Central Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Fu Yeh
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Groundwater Drought ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

In recent years, Taiwan has been facing severe water shortages due to extreme drought. In addition, changes in rainfall patterns have resulted in an increasingly notable drought phenomenon, which affects the management and utilization of water resources. Therefore, this work examines basins in Central Taiwan. Long-term records from 13 rainfall and 17 groundwater stations were selected. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Groundwater Level Index (SGI) were used to analyze the drought characteristics of this region. The rainfall and groundwater level data from basins in Central Taiwan were analyzed in this study. The results show that the year 2015 experienced extreme drought conditions due to a correlation with SPI and SGI signals. In addition, with regard to groundwater drought, more drought events occurred in the Da'an River basin; however, the duration and intensity of these events were relatively low, in contrast to those of the Wu River basin. Finally, the correlation between SPI and SGI was observed to vary in different basins, but a certain degree of correlation was observed in all basins. The results show that drought intensity increases with longer drought durations. Moreover, severe droughts caused by rainfall tend to occur at a greater frequency than those caused by groundwater.

scholarly journals Comparison of Meteorological Drought using SPI and SPEI

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2130-2149
Author(s):  
Shashi Shankar Ojha ◽  
Vivekanand Singh ◽  
Thendiyath Roshni
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effective Water

Drought assessment is crucial for effective water resources management in a river basin. Drought frequency has increased worldwide in recent years due to global warming. In this paper, an attempt is made to assess the meteorological drought in the Punpun river basin, India using two globally accepted drought indices namely, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The SPI and SPEI at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month timescale were obtained to analyze the temporal variability of different drought levels. Correlation analysis of available observed data and gridded data has been carried out and the correlation coefficient was found to be 0.956. Hence gridded rainfall data from the year 1991 to 2020 is used for further analysis. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) used in the calculation of SPEI was computed by the Thornthwaite method. Water deficit was observed throughout as there is a decrease in rainfall and an increase in PET during the selected period. The results show that the period 2004 to 2006 and 2009 to 2010 years are observed as drought periods by both indices for almost all timescale. The intensity and duration of drought have increased after 2004. A negative trend of both the indices have been observed in all seasons on all timescale, which clearly shows a transition from near normal to moderately dry during the selected time period. The highest correlation between both the indices is for the 12-month scale with R² value 0.92 and the RMSE value 0.28. The main outcome of this study is that both SPI and SPEI show a strong correlation on same time scales adopted in this study. The dependency of SPEI on temperature is also observed in this study. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091783 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Drought Monitoring Utility using Satellite-Based Precipitation Products over the Xiang River Basin in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Yulin Luo ◽  
Dongyang Zhou ◽  
Yue-Ping Xu ◽  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Xiang River ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Drought is a natural hazard disaster that can deeply affect environments, economies, and societies around the world. Therefore, accurate monitoring of patterns in drought is important. Precipitation is the key variable to define the drought index. However, the spare and uneven distribution of rain gauges limit the access of long-term and reliable in situ observations. Remote sensing techniques enrich the precipitation data at different temporal–spatial resolutions. In this study, the climate prediction center morphing (CMORPH) technique (CMORPH-CRT), the tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TRMM 3B42V7), and the integrated multi-satellite retrievals for global precipitation measurement (IMERG V05) were evaluated and compared with in situ observations for the drought monitoring in the Xiang River Basin, a humid region in China. A widely-used drought index, the standardized precipitation index (SPI), was chosen to evaluate the drought monitoring utility. The atmospheric water deficit (AWD) was used for comparison of the drought estimation with SPI. The results were as follows: (1) IMERG V05 precipitation products showed the highest accuracy against grid-based precipitation, followed by CMORPH-CRT, which performed better than TRMM 3B42V7; (2) IMERG V05 showed the best performance in SPI-1 (one-month SPI) estimations compared with CMORPH-CRT and TRMM 3B42V7; (3) SPI-1 was more suitable for drought monitoring than AWD in the Xiang River Basin, because its high R-values and low root mean square error (RMSE) compared with the corresponding index based on in situ observations; (4) drought conditions in 2015 were apparently more severe than that in 2016 and 2017, with the driest area mainly distributed in the southwest part of the Xiang River Basin.

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