Characterizing the Role of TaWRKY13 in Salt Tolerance

The WRKY transcription factor superfamily is known to participate in plant growth and stress response. However, the role of this family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is largely unknown. Here, a salt-induced gene TaWRKY13 was identified in an RNA-Seq data set from salt-treated wheat. The results of RT-qPCR analysis showed that TaWRKY13 was significantly induced in NaCl-treated wheat and reached an expression level of about 22-fold of the untreated wheat. Then, a further functional identification was performed in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa L. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that TaWRKY13 is a nuclear-localized protein. Moreover, various stress-related regulatory elements were predicted in the promoter. Expression pattern analysis revealed that TaWRKY13 can also be induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG), exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), and cold stress. After NaCl treatment, overexpressed Arabidopsis lines of TaWRKY13 have a longer root and a larger root surface area than the control (Columbia-0). Furthermore, TaWRKY13 overexpression rice lines exhibited salt tolerance compared with the control, as evidenced by increased proline (Pro) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under salt treatment. The roots of overexpression lines were also more developed. These results demonstrate that TaWRKY13 plays a positive role in salt stress.

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Histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat

Plant Physiology ◽

10.1093/plphys/kiab187 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mei Zheng ◽

Jingchen Lin ◽

Xingbei Liu ◽

Wei Chu ◽

Jinpeng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Hexaploid Wheat ◽

Histone Acetyltransferase ◽

Tetraploid Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Ros Production ◽

Signal Specificity ◽

H3 Acetylation

Abstract Polyploidy occurs prevalently and plays an important role during plant speciation and evolution. This phenomenon suggests polyploidy could develop novel features that enable them to adapt wider range of environmental conditions compared with diploid progenitors. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., BBAADD) is a typical allohexaploid species and generally exhibits greater salt tolerance than its tetraploid wheat progenitor (BBAA). However, little is known about the underlying molecular basis and the regulatory pathway of this trait. Here, we show that the histone acetyltransferase TaHAG1 acts as a crucial regulator to strengthen salt tolerance of hexaploid wheat. Salinity-induced TaHAG1 expression was associated with tolerance variation in polyploidy wheat. Overexpression, silencing and CRISPR-mediated knockout of TaHAG1 validated the role of TaHAG1 in salinity tolerance of wheat. TaHAG1 contributed to salt tolerance by modulating ROS production and signal specificity. Moreover, TaHAG1 directly targeted a subset of genes that are responsible for hydrogen peroxide production, and enrichment of TaHAG1 triggered increased H3 acetylation and transcriptional upregulation of these loci under salt stress. In addition, we found the salinity-induced TaHAG1-mediated ROS production pathway is involved in salt tolerance difference of wheat accessions with varying ploidy. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of how an epigenetic regulatory factor facilitates adaptability of polyploidy wheat and highlights this epigenetic modulator as a strategy for salt tolerance breeding in bread wheat.

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Identification of NHXs in Gossypium species and the positive role of GhNHX1 in salt tolerance

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-020-02345-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lu Long ◽

Jing-Ruo Zhao ◽

Dan-Dan Guo ◽

Xiao-Nan Ma ◽

Fu-Chun Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Positive Role ◽

Gossypium Species

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Exogenously Applied Nitric Oxide Enhances Salt Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Seedling Stage

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy8120276 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 276 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Teferi Adamu ◽

Bong-Gyu Mun ◽

Sang-Uk Lee ◽

Adil Hussain ◽

Byung-Wook Yun

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Small Scale ◽

Positive Role ◽

Leaf Chlorosis ◽

Tolerant Genotype

Salinity is one of the major abiotic factors that limit rice production worldwide. Previous trends show that salt concentration in rivers is increasing consistently, posing potentially adverse threats in the near future. Thus, crops currently being cultivated, particularly in small-scale farming systems, are under high threat from salinity. In this study, we investigated the mitigating effect of nitric oxide (NO) on salt stress in rice based on the assessment of changes in the transcript levels of different genes and the phenotypic response of rice genotypes. We observed that exogenously applied NO increased the expression levels of OsHIPP38, OsGR1, and OsP5CS2 in the susceptible genotype of rice, whereas in the tolerant genotype, the effect of NO was mainly in counteracting the salt-induced gene expression that diverts cellular energy for defense. Moreover, seedlings that were pretreated with NO showed high biomass production under salt stress conditions, indicating the positive role of NO against salt-induced leaf chlorosis and early senescence. The effect of NO-mediated enhancement was more pronounced in the salt tolerant genotype. Therefore, the use of NO with the integration of tolerant genes or genotypes will enhance salt tolerance levels in rice.

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Endogenous ABA alleviates rice ammonium toxicity by reducing ROS and free ammonium via regulation of the SAPK9–bZIP20 pathway

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/eraa076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (15) ◽

pp. 4562-4577 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Li Sun ◽

Dong-Wei Di ◽

Guangjie Li ◽

Herbert J Kronzucker ◽

Xiangyu Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽

Positive Role ◽

Ammonium Toxicity ◽

Activity Enhancement ◽

Low Levels ◽

Free Ammonium ◽

Endogenous Aba

Abstract Ammonium (NH4+) is one of the principal nitrogen (N) sources in soils, but is typically toxic already at intermediate concentrations. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in responses to environmental stresses. However, the role of ABA under high-NH4+ stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is only marginally understood. Here, we report that elevated NH4+ can significantly accelerate tissue ABA accumulation. Mutants with high (Osaba8ox) and low levels of ABA (Osphs3-1) exhibit elevated tolerance or sensitivity to high-NH4+ stress, respectively. Furthermore, ABA can decrease NH4+-induced oxidative damage and tissue NH4+ accumulation by enhancing antioxidant and glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthetasae (GOGAT) enzyme activities. Using RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR approaches, we ascertain that two genes, OsSAPK9 and OsbZIP20, are induced both by high NH4+ and by ABA. Our data indicate that OsSAPK9 interacts with OsbZIP20, and can phosphorylate OsbZIP20 and activate its function. When OsSAPK9 or OsbZIP20 are knocked out in rice, ABA-mediated antioxidant and GS/GOGAT activity enhancement under high-NH4+ stress disappear, and the two mutants are more sensitive to high-NH4+ stress compared with their wild types. Taken together, our results suggest that ABA plays a positive role in regulating the OsSAPK9–OsbZIP20 pathway in rice to increase tolerance to high-NH4+ stress.

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The role of the bifunctional enzyme, fructose-6-phosphate-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, in carbon partitioning during salt stress and salt tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.11.009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 176 (3) ◽

pp. 334-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thanikarn Udomchalothorn ◽

Somporn Maneeprasobsuk ◽

Eakaphan Bangyeekhun ◽

Preeda Boon-Long ◽

Supachitra Chadchawan

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Bifunctional Enzyme

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Genome-wide identification of NF-YA gene family in cotton and the positive role of GhNF-YA10 and GhNF-YA23 in salt tolerance

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules ◽

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 2103-2115

Author(s):

Qi Zhang ◽

Jingjing Zhang ◽

Hengling Wei ◽

Xiaokang Fu ◽

Liang Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Gene Family ◽

Positive Role ◽

Genome Wide

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Exogenous ABA induces salt tolerance in indica rice (Oryza sativa L.): The role of OsP5CS1 and OsP5CR gene expression during salt stress

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.01.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 94-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Siriporn Sripinyowanich ◽

Pongsathorn Klomsakul ◽

Bongkoj Boonburapong ◽

Thapana Bangyeekhun ◽

Tadao Asami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Exogenous Aba

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Desentralisasi Fiskal, Tax Efiort dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomiz Studi Empirik Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia 2001-2008

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia ◽

10.21002/jepi.v11i1.179 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21-34

Author(s):

D. S. Priyarsono ◽

Budi Asih ◽

Neli Agustina

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Local Governments ◽

Central Government ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

Intergovernmental Transfers ◽

Positive Role ◽

Data Set ◽

Time Period ◽

Regional Governments

Indonesia has implemented a new policy of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization for almost ten years. One of the objectives of this fiscal decentralization is to give the full autonomy to local governments in spending and managing their revenues. The local governments have the authority to explore and collect their own-source revenue ('Pendapatan Asli Daerah', or PAD), i.e. through the improvement of their tax effort. The objectives of this study are: (i) to describe the fiscal performance of districts and municipalities in Indonesia, both in the revenue as well as the expenditure sides, (ii) to analyze the effects of intergovernmental transfers (’dana perimbangan', or balancing fund from the central to regional governments) on regional tax efforts, and (iii) to identify the regional economic growth elasticity of intergovernmental transfers and own-source revenue. This study employs a panel data set of 336 districts and municipalities covering the whole area of Indonesia over the time period of 2001-2008. The results show a relatively low contribution of PAD to regional revenues, indicating high fiscal dependency of regional governments on the central government. Intergovernmental transfers positively effect tax efforts. The result of the elasticity analysis also indicates a positive role of the transfers as stimuli to economic growth.

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