scholarly journals The Synthesis of Organic Oils Blended Magnetorheological Fluids with the Field-Dependent Material Characterization

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Jinaga ◽  
T. Jagadeesha ◽  
Shreedhar Kolekar ◽  
Seung-Bok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Electrolytic Iron ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Silicon Oil ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Electrolytic Iron Powder

Automation is one of the trending terminologies in the field of engineering to achieve various sensors and actuators such as the hydraulic system. Smart fluid is also one of the hot topics for researchers to develop a type of actuator in many control systems since the fluid’s rheological characteristics can be controlled or tuned by the intensity of the external stimuli. In this work, a new smart fluid of magnetorheological (MR) fluid is proposed and its field-dependent rheological characteristics are experimentally identified. An MR fluid using the carrier fluid as the blend of three different fluids, namely silicon oil, honey, and organic oil is prepared. In addition, two types of natural oils are used, sunflower oil and cottonseed oil. The samples are prepared using the blend as the carrier fluid, electrolytic iron powder coated with guar gum as the dispersed phase, and oleic acid as an additive. The quantity of oleic acid is optimized for 30% by weight of electrolytic iron powder. Two samples based on sunflower and cottonseed oil are synthesized and characterized for shear viscosity and shear stress with respect to shear rate subjected to a variable magnetic field. The blend-based MR fluid shows about 10% improvement over the sedimentation rate of silicon oil-based MR fluid as compared to that to conventional MR fluid. The cottonseed oil blend-based MR fluid performs better than sunflower-based fluid in terms of the viscosity and structure.

SUBSTITUTION OF MICRON BY NANOMETER SCALE POWDERS IN MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (07n09) ◽  
pp. 1374-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CHAUDHURI ◽  
G. WANG ◽  
N. M. WERELEY ◽  
VASIL TASOVKSI ◽  
R. RADHAKRISHNAN
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Micron Size ◽  
Size Powder

The effects of substitution of micron size powder by nanometer size powder in magnetorheological (MR) fluids are investigated in this study. Three MR fluid samples containing iron powder with 45% weight fraction in a carrier fluid were made by Materials Modification Inc. The difference among these three fluids is size of the magnetic particles. The first MR fluid sample contained only micron size iron powder with 10μm particle size. In the second sample, 5% micron iron was substituted with nano powders having 30~40nm mean diameter, while the third sample had 37.5% micron powder and 7.5% nano powder. Rheological tests were conducted on the three samples using a parallel disk rheometer. Highest yield stress was observed in the second MR fluid sample containing 40% micron and 5% nano iron powder. By replacing only 5% micron iron powder with nanoparticles, we achieved substantial increment in yield stress. However, when nano powder content is increased to 7.5%, the yield stress decreases and is lower than that in the all micron MR fluid. Thus, by doping a reasonable percent of nano iron powder in the MR fluid, a substantial change in the rheological characteristics is obtainable. Further investigations of effects of nano iron powder in MR fluids for higher weight fraction MR fluids will be carried out in future.

Electrolytic Iron Powder from a Caustic Soda Solution

1959 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Adrien M. LeDuc ◽  
Richard E. Loftfield ◽  
Luther E. Vaaler
Keyword(s):  
Caustic Soda ◽  
Iron Powder ◽  
Caustic Soda Solution ◽  
Electrolytic Iron ◽  
Electrolytic Iron Powder ◽  
Soda Solution

Synthesis and rheological characteristics of high viscosity linear polysiloxane carrier fluid-based magnetorheological fluids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xie ◽  
Young-Tai Choi ◽  
Changrong Liao ◽  
Zhi Zeng ◽  
Norman M Wereley
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluids ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Field Dependent

Abstract This study addresses the synthesis and field-dependent rheological characteristics of novel magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) using high viscosity linear polysiloxanes (HVLPs) as a carrier fluid. First of all, the components and preparation of novel HVLP-based MRFs (HVLP MRFs) were explained in detail and the microscopic images of each component were taken by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Four HVLP MRF samples with different particle volume fractions of 10, 15, 20, and 26 vol% in the same HVLP carrier fluid viscosity of 800 Pa·s were synthesized to investigate the particle concentration effect on their field-dependent rheological properties. In order to understand the effect of the carrier fluid viscosity, two more HVLP MRF samples with different HVLP viscosities of 140 and 440 Pa·s in the same particle concentration of 26 vol% were also fabricated. In addition, the temperature effect on HVLP MRFs was studied by using the sample with 26 vol% in particle concentration and 140 Pa·s in HVLP viscosity under different operating temperatures of 25, 40, 55 and 70℃. The flow curve measurements of shear stress versus shear rate in the magnetic fields were conducted by using controlled shear rate (CSR) test method with a commercial parallel-plate type rotational rheometer. From the flow curves, the field-dependent rheological properties of HVLP MRFs including static and dynamic yield stresses and the dynamic range (ratio of field on to field off yield stress) were obtained. These material characteristics were then examined as a function of varying particle concentration, varying carrier fluid viscosity, and varying temperature. A conventional commercial MRF (i.e., Lord MRF-126CD) was adopted for comparison study and its rheological properties under different temperatures were also measured and compared with those of HVLP MRFs. Using HVLP carrier fluids, it was demonstrated that the HVLP MRFs exhibited much greater suspension stability than the conventional commercial MRF.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Producing an Electrolytic Iron Powder from Rolling Manufacture Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Sofiya Pinchuk ◽  
◽  
Alexander Vnukov ◽  
Roman Cheranev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Powder ◽  
Electrolytic Iron ◽  
Electrolytic Iron Powder

scholarly journals Effect of Aerosil and Oleic Acid on Sedimentation of Magnetorheological Fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Flux Lines ◽  
Smart Fluids ◽  
Magnetic Flux Lines ◽  
Ferro Magnetic

Magnetorheological Fluids (MRFs) are considered as smart fluids because they control viscosity using external magnetic field. It contains ferro-magnetic powder which are aligned in magnetic flux lines. The magnetic force between particles are controlled by magnetic field intensity. This controllable viscosity makes them acceptable in many mechanical applications, but due to difference in density between suspended particles and carrier fluid sedimentation is bound to occur. This thus creates the need of some additives. In our study, silica Nano particles (commercially known as Aerosil 200) is used as stabilizer and Oleic Acid is used as surfactant and their effect on sedimentation is studied in this article. Some other synthesis parameters like particle concentration, stirring duration and material loading also cause some change in sedimentation rate.

scholarly journals Material Characterization of Magnetorheological Elastomers with Corroded Carbonyl Iron Particles: Morphological Images and Field-dependent Viscoelastic Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Binti Abdul Aziz ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Nur Azmah Nordin ◽  
Nor Azlin Nazira Abd Rahman ◽  
U Ubaidillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Mr Effect

High temperatures and humidity could alter the field-dependent rheological properties of MR materials. These environmental phenomena may accelerate the deterioration processes that will affect the long-term rheological reliability of MR materials such as MR elastomer (MRE). This study therefore attempts to investigate the field-dependent rheological characteristics of MRE with corroded carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The corroded CIPs were treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a way of providing realistic environments in gauging the CIPs reaction towards the ambient conditions. The corroded CIPs along with silicone rubber as a matrix material were used in the fabrication of the MRE samples. To observe the effect of HCl treatment on the CIPs, the morphological observations of MREs with non-corroded and corroded CIPs were investigated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD). In addition, the magnetic properties were examined through the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), while the field-dependent rheological characteristics such as the storage modulus of MRE with the corroded CIPs were also tested and compared with the non-corroded CIPs. The results showed that the corroded CIPs possessed hydrangea-like structures. In the meantime, it was identified that a sudden reduction of up to 114% of the field-dependent MR effect of MRE with the corroded CIPs was observed as a result of the weakened interfacial bonding between the CIPs and the silicon in the outer layers of the CIPs structure.

Steady-State Energy Transfer of a Semi-Active Suspension Under Hybrid Control

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Boggs ◽  
Fernando D. Goncalves ◽  
Mehdi Ahmadian
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Mr Dampers ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
System Energy

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are often characterized by their field-dependent yield stress. Upon the activation of a magnetic field, the fluid has the ability to change from a fluid state to a semi-solid state in milliseconds. The field-dependent yield stress and the fluid’s fast response time make MR fluid an attractive technology for many applications. One such application that has gained considerable attention is in MR fluid dampers. The real-time control possibilities make MR dampers attractive alternatives to conventional viscous dampers. In comparing passive dampers with MR dampers, an equivalent viscous damping coefficient is often found from the energy dissipated by the MR damper with a fixed current applied to the damper. In contrast, this study investigates energy dissipation of the MR damper under a semi-active hybrid control policy. Hybrid control is a linear combination of skyhook and groundhook control. This study investigates the system energy under steady-state conditions at three frequencies, and how the system energy varies with varying contributions from skyhook and groundhook. A quarter-car rig was used to evaluate the dynamics of the hybrid suspension using an MR damper. Previous studies have shown that hybrid control can offer advantages to both the sprung and unsprung masses; however the relationship between energy dissipation and performance is not clear. In this study, we compare control policy performance to several energy-based measures. Results indicate that there is a strong correlation between sprung mass RMS acceleration and unsprung mass RMS acceleration to several of the energy-based measures.

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