scholarly journals The Role of Biofilms Developed under Different Anthropogenic Pressure on Recruitment of Macro-Invertebrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Eva Cacabelos ◽  
Patrício Ramalhosa ◽  
João Canning-Clode ◽  
Jesús S. Troncoso ◽  
Celia Olabarria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
And Control

Microbial biofilms can be key mediators for settlement of macrofoulers. The present study examines the coupled effects of microbial biofilms and local environmental conditions on the composition, structure and functioning of macrofouling assemblages. Settlement of invertebrates over a gradient of human-impacted sites was investigated on local biofilms and on biofilms developed in marine protected areas (MPAs). Special attention was given to the presence of non-indigenous species (NIS), a global problem that can cause important impacts on local assemblages. In general, the formation of macrofouling assemblages was influenced by the identity of the biofilm. However, these relationships varied across levels of anthropogenic pressure, possibly influenced by environmental conditions and the propagule pressure locally available. While the NIS Watersipora subatra seemed to be inhibited by the biofilm developed in the MPA, Diplosoma cf. listerianum seemed to be attracted by biofilm developed in the MPA only under mid anthropogenic pressure. The obtained information is critical for marine environmental management, urgently needed for the establishment of prevention and control mechanisms to minimize the settlement of NIS and mitigate their threats.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Antecedents of SCQRM Implementation on Organizational Performance with the Moderating Role of Organizational Culture in the Indonesian Navy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yohannes Enggar Riyadi ◽  
Lucy Warsindah ◽  
Agus Adriyanto ◽  
Dangan Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Information Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

<p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of the antecedents of Supply chain quality risk management (SCQRM) implementation on organizational performance with the moderating role of organizational culture in the Indonesian Navy. Based on data from questionnaire survey data totaling 260 Indonesian Navy officers, the SCQRM theory model is proposed and the structural equation model is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show that strategic leadership, information, and control mechanisms are significant antecedents of SCQRM implementation. Furthermore, strategic leadership and information significantly contribute to organizational performance. An interesting finding is that control mechanisms do not have a direct impact on organizational performance, but they do contribute indirectly to organizational performance mediated by SCQRM implementation. Also, SCQRM implementation significantly contributes to organizational performance and the moderating effect of organizational culture strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance. This study focuses on the concept and implementation of SCQRM in Indonesian Navy logistics with the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture to improve organizational performance using single respondents and expert perceptions, namely Indonesian Navy Officers. The managerial implications suggest that complementary benefits arise from the adoption of a more holistic approach to the management of supply chain quality risk at the organizational level with</em><em> </em><em>supported the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture will improve organizational performance. Three contributions to science in the development of SCQRM theory. <strong>First</strong>, this study develops an SCQRM theoretical model with three unique dimensions (supplier development, risk management integration, and proactive product recall). <strong>Second</strong>, this study provides a new perfection of how the complementarity system of SCQRM is operated to improve organizational performance. Moreover, the findings imply that a successful SCQRM implementation is built on a complementarity power in risk management resources and routines. The multiple manifestations of the three SCQRM dimensions are all driven by a cohesive, yet unobserved synergy, which also forms one of the competencies of the organization. <strong>Third</strong>, this study also provides a new perfection on the role of strategic leadership, information and control mechanisms as antecedents of SCQRM implementation, and the moderating role of organizational culture that strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance</em><em>.   </em><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Trust, Control, and Value Creation in Strategic Networks of SMEs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Fabio Antoldi ◽  
Daniele Cerrato
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Output Process ◽  
Output Control ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
And Control

This paper investigates the role of trust and control in networks of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with a focus on both their direct and interaction effects on value creation. To delve into the interplay between trust and control, we unpack control mechanisms into three different forms: output, process, and social control. Our hypotheses are tested on a sample of 58 Italian SME networks based on formal agreements. Results show that the competitiveness and sustainability of inter-firm networks require trust-based relationships among entrepreneurs. Additionally, the adoption of output control mechanisms reinforces the positive link between trust and value creation, whereas a substitution effect exists between trust and process control and, with limited significance, between trust and social control.

scholarly journals Motivational and Control Mechanisms Underlying Adolescent versus Adult Alcohol Use

NeuroSci ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Janna Cousijn ◽  
Kayla H. Green ◽  
Maaike Labots ◽  
Louk J. M. J. Vanderschuren ◽  
J. Leon Kenemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Moderating Role

Increased motivation towards alcohol use and suboptimal behavioral control are suggested to predispose adolescents to alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Paradoxically however, most adolescent AUDs resolve over time without any formal intervention, suggesting adolescent resilience to AUDs. Importantly, studies directly comparing adolescent and adult alcohol use are largely missing. We therefore aimed to unravel the moderating role of age in the relation between alcohol use and motivational and control-related cognitive processes in 45 adolescent drinkers compared to 45 adults. We found that enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity related positively to alcohol use. Although enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity were higher in adolescents, the strength of the relation between these measures and alcohol use did not differ between age groups. None of the alcohol use-related motivational measures (i.e., craving, attentional bias, and approach bias) and behavioral control measures (i.e., interference control, risky decision making, and working-memory) were associated with alcohol use or differed between age groups. These findings support the role of impulsivity and affective sensitivity in adolescent drinking but question the moderating role of age therein. The current study contributes towards understanding the role of age in the relation between alcohol use and cognition.

Climate change driven massive extirpation of native species from the Israeli Mediterranean shelf

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo G. Albano ◽  
Jan Steger ◽  
Marija Bošnjak ◽  
Beata Dunne ◽  
Zara Guifarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

&lt;p&gt;We quantify a large-scale extirpation of native species from the Israeli Mediterranean shelf, a region strongly affected by rapidly changing environmental conditions and the introduction of non-indigenous species, based on an extensive sampling programme of mollusks on intertidal to subtidal soft and hard substrata. We reconstruct historical species richness from shelly death assemblages, quantify the time range they cover with radiocarbon dating, and compare their richness with today&amp;#8217;s living assemblage diversity. The median native richness is 50% of the historical richness for the intertidal, but only 8% for the subtidal down to 40 m. Samples from the mesophotic zone show a much higher median of 42%, which is likely an underestimation due to sampling constraints. In contrast, non-indigenous species show assemblages matching the historical richness. Seasonality is very strong: autumn samples, after the summer heat peak, are highly impoverished in native species but enriched in non-indigenous ones. Additionally, a comparison between today&amp;#8217;s and historical native species maximum size shows that shallow subtidal native populations are mostly non-reproductive. In contrast, non-indigenous species reach reproductive size. These results suggest that a recent large-scale change in environmental conditions is strongly favoring non-indigenous species and is the main cause behind the shallow subtidal native species decline. Such an environmental factor is likely seawater temperature that plays a greater role in the shallow subtidal than in the cooler mesophotic zone, and affects subtidal species more than intertidal ones, pre-adapted to a climatically extreme environment.&lt;/p&gt;

The role of regulatory decision-making on non-indigenous species introductions

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2815-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronit Justo-Hanani ◽  
Tamar Dayan ◽  
Alon Tal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

scholarly journals The role of marinas in the establishment and spread of non-indigenous species in Baltic Sea fouling communities

Biofouling ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Okko Outinen ◽  
Riikka Puntila-Dodd ◽  
Ieva Barda ◽  
Radosław Brzana ◽  
Joanna Hegele-Drywa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Fouling Communities ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

scholarly journals Motivational and Control Mechanisms Underlying Adolescent versus Adult Alcohol Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Cousijn ◽  
Kayla H. Green ◽  
Maaike Labots ◽  
Louk J.M.J. Vanderschuren ◽  
J. Leon Kenemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
And Control ◽  
Moderating Role

Increased motivation towards alcohol use and suboptimal behavioural control are suggested to predispose adolescents to Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs). Paradoxically however, most adolescent AUDs resolve over time without any formal intervention, suggesting adolescent resilience to AUDs. Importantly, studies directly comparing adolescent and adult alcohol use are largely missing. We therefore aimed to unravel the moderating role of age in the relation between alcohol use and motivational and control-related cognitive processes in 45 adolescent drinkers compared to 45 adults. The results showed that enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity related positively to alcohol use. Although enhancement drinking motives and impulsivity were higher in adolescents, the strength of the relation between these measures and alcohol use did not differ between age groups. None of the alcohol use-related motivational measures (i.e., craving, attentional bias, approach bias) and behavioral control measures (i.e., interference control, risky decision making, working-memory) were associated with alcohol use or differed between age groups. These findings support the role of impulsivity and affective sensitivity in adolescent drinking, but question the moderating role of age therein. The current study contributes towards understanding the role of age in the relation between alcohol use and cognition.

scholarly journals Goji Berry Gall Mite Expansion in Europe, with Emphasis on Southeastern Part of Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Roxana CICEOI ◽  
Vasilica LUCHIAN ◽  
Andrei Florin TABACU ◽  
Minodora GUTUE ◽  
Mala Maria STAVRESCU-BEDIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Goji Berry ◽  
Gall Mite ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
And Control

In Europe, the goji crop is expanding rapidly, to satisfy the increased market demand for functional foods, with effects in chronic diseases treatment (cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, etc.). Romania has become in recent years one of the most important growers of goji berry, especially for organic production, as the species was quite resistant to main pests and diseases. Still, in 2008, a non-indigenous species of Eriophyid mites, called Aceria kuko, was identified on goji plants in UK and spread rapidly throughout the EU. The plant protection institutions took eradication measures, however the pest continued to spread in new plantations and recently on spontaneous plants. Based on GBIF, iNaturalist, personal observations and communication, the paper presents the current distribution of goji berry gall mite in Europe and in Romania and also suggests the use of new citizen science tool - ProtectGoji maps, that aims both to increase awareness of goji producers and consumers about this pest and to geolocate the species expansion in Romania for a better containment and control strategy.

Governance Within Diverse University Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
Tomáš Zima
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Academic Senate ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
And Control

This chapter focuses on university governance, which reflects the structure of an institution, whether it is centralized or decentralized, but most importantly democratic and autonomous. The case is illustrated using the example of Charles University, which is a large and highly decentralized organization that has been affected by developments in the Czech Republic after 1989 and their consequences for higher education in the country. In this regard, different governance models and recent challenges for higher education institutions are explained. The structure, main bodies, and management of Charles University are described and put into context within the national regulatory framework. The chapter further explores the division of powers and control mechanisms. A special focus is placed on the role of the Academic Senate, which underlines the democratic principles of the institution. The final remarks highlight the importance of a democratic, autonomous environment for both research and education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document