scholarly journals ROS Homeostasis in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaivani K. Nadarajah
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Plant Defense Response ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Ros Homeostasis ◽  
Production Losses

Climate change-induced abiotic stress results in crop yield and production losses. These stresses result in changes at the physiological and molecular level that affect the development and growth of the plant. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is formed at high levels due to abiotic stress within different organelles, leading to cellular damage. Plants have evolved mechanisms to control the production and scavenging of ROS through enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative processes. However, ROS has a dual function in abiotic stresses where, at high levels, they are toxic to cells while the same molecule can function as a signal transducer that activates a local and systemic plant defense response against stress. The effects, perception, signaling, and activation of ROS and their antioxidative responses are elaborated in this review. This review aims to provide a purview of processes involved in ROS homeostasis in plants and to identify genes that are triggered in response to abiotic-induced oxidative stress. This review articulates the importance of these genes and pathways in understanding the mechanism of resistance in plants and the importance of this information in breeding and genetically developing crops for resistance against abiotic stress in plants.

Role of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance in legumes

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-243
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Sharma ◽  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Vikas Sharma ◽  
Renu Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Expression of Two α-Type Expansins from Ammopiptanthus nanus in Arabidopsis thaliana Enhance Tolerance to Cold and Drought Stresses

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Liu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Wenfang Hao ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Cell Wall Loosening ◽  
Ammopiptanthus Nanus ◽  
Wall Loosening ◽  
Hormone Signals

Expansins, cell-wall loosening proteins, play an important role in plant growth and development and abiotic stress tolerance. Ammopiptanthus nanus (A. nanus) is an important plant to study to understand stress resistance in forestry. In our previous study, two α-type expansins from A. nanus were cloned and named AnEXPA1 and AnEXPA2. In this study, we found that they responded to different abiotic stress and hormone signals. It suggests that they may play different roles in response to abiotic stress. Their promoters show some of the same element responses to abiotic stress and hormones, but some special elements were identified between the expansins that could be essential for their expression. In order to further testify the reliability of the above results, we conducted an analysis of β-glucuronidase (GUS) dyeing. The analysis showed that AnEXPA1 was only induced by cold stress, whereas AnEXPA2 responded to hormone induction. AnEXPA1 and AnEXPA2 transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed better tolerance to cold and drought stresses. Moreover, the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly improved in the transgenic plants, and expansin activity was enhanced. These results suggested that AnEXPA1 and AnEXPA2 play an important role in the response to abiotic stress. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the regulatory network of expansins and may benefit agricultural production.

scholarly journals Effect of Cold Stress on Growth, Physiological Characteristics, and Calvin-Cycle-Related Gene Expression of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings of Different Gourd Rootstocks

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Kaixing Lu ◽  
Jiutong Sun ◽  
Qiuping Li ◽  
Xueqin Li ◽  
Songheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Mda Content

Recently, grafting has been used to improve abiotic stress resistance in crops. Here, using watermelon ‘Zaojia 8424’ (Citrullus lanatus) as scions, three different gourds (Lagenaria siceraria, 0526, 2505, and 1226) as rootstocks, and non-grafted plants as controls (different plants were abbreviated as 0526, 2505, 1226, and 8424), the effect of cold stress on various physiological and molecular parameters was investigated. The results demonstrate that the improved cold tolerance of gourd-grafted watermelon was associated with higher chlorophyll and proline content, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content, compared to 8424 under cold stress. Furthermore, grafted watermelons accumulated fewer reactive oxygen species (ROS), accompanied by enhanced antioxidant activity and a higher expression of enzymes related to the Calvin cycle. In conclusion, watermelons with 2505 and 0526 rootstocks were more resilient compared to 1226 and 8424. These results confirm that using tolerant rootstocks may be an efficient adaptation strategy for improving abiotic stress tolerance in watermelon.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis revealed reactive oxygen species scavenging mechanisms associated with ferrous iron toxicity in aromatic Keteki Joha rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preetom Regon ◽  
Sangita Dey ◽  
Mehzabin Rehman ◽  
Amit Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Bhaben Tanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Iron Transporter ◽  
Ros Homeostasis ◽  
Fe Homeostasis

Lowland acidic soils with water-logged regions are often affected by ferrous iron (Fe2+) toxicity, a major yield-limiting factor of rice production. The Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) was hypothesized to be crucial under severe Fe2+ toxicity conditions. However, molecular mechanisms and associated ROS homeostasis genes are still not well-explored. In this study, a comparative RNA-Seq based transcriptome analysis was conducted to understand the Fe2+ toxicity tolerance mechanism in aromatic Keteki Joha. About 69 Fe homeostasis related genes and their homologs were identified, where most of the genes were downregulated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are associated with biological processes- response to stress, stimulus and abiotic stimulus. DEGs involved in the Biosynthesis of amino acids, RNA degradation, Glutathione metabolism etc. were induced, whereas, Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, Photosynthesis, and Fatty acid elongation were inhibited. The Mitochondrial iron transporter (OsMIT), Vacuolar Iron Transporter 2 (OsVIT2), Ferritin (OsFER), Vacuolar Mugineic Acid Transporter (OsVMT), Phenolic Efflux Zero1 (OsPEZ1), Root Meander Curling (OsRMC), Nicotianamine synthase (OsNAS3), etc. were upregulated in different tissues suggesting the importance of Fe retention and sequestration for detoxification. However, several antioxidants, ROS scavenging genes and abiotic stress-responsive transcription factors indicate ROS homeostasis as one of the most important defense mechanisms under severe Fe2+ toxicity. The CAT, GSH, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, GR were upregulated. Moreover, abiotic stress-responsive transcription factors NAC, MYB, ARF, bZIP, WRKY, C2H2-ZFP were also upregulated. Accordingly, ROS homeostasis has been proposed to be an important defense mechanism under such conditions. Thus, our results will enrich the knowledge of understanding Fe-homeostasis in rice.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) management in engineered plants for abiotic stress tolerance

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam Kundu ◽  
Ritu Gill ◽  
Ashima Nehra ◽  
Krishan Kant Sharma ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Arabidopsis thaliana Trihelix Transcription factor AST1 mediates abiotic stress tolerance by binding to a novel AGAG-box and some GT motifs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyun Xu ◽  
Lin He ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Xinxin Shi ◽  
Dandan Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Helix Loop Helix

AbstractTrihelix transcription factors are characterized by containing a conserved trihelix (helix-loop-helix-loop-helix) domain that bind to GT elements required for light response, play roles in light stress, and also in abiotic stress responses. However, only few of them have been functionally characterised. In the present study, we characterized the function of AST1 (Arabidopsis SIP1 clade Trihelix1) in response to abiotic stress. AST1 shows transcriptional activation activity, and its expression is induced by osmotic and salt stress. The genes regulated by AST1 were identified using qRT-PCR and transcriptome assays. A conserved sequence highly present in the promoters of genes regulated by AST1 was identified, which is bound by AST1, and termed AGAG-box with the sequence [A/G][G/A][A/T]GAGAG. Additionally, AST1 also binds to some GT motifs including GGTAATT, TACAGT, GGTAAAT and GGTAAA, but failed in binding to GTTAC and GGTTAA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with qRT-PCR analysis suggested that AST1 binds to AGAG-box and/or some GT motifs to regulate the expression of stress tolerance genes, resulting in reduced reactive oxygen species, Na+ accumulation, stomatal apertures, lipid peroxidation, cell death and water loss rate, and increased proline content and reactive oxygen species scavenging capability. These physiological changes mediated by AST1 finally improve abiotic stress tolerance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document