scholarly journals Polymeric Gelatin Scaffolds Affect Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation and Its Diverse Applications in Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8632
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Wang ◽  
Po-Da Hong ◽  
Ding-Han Wang ◽  
Juin-Hong Cherng ◽  
Shu-Jen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

Studies using polymeric scaffolds for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, implants and medical substitutes, and drug delivery systems, have attempted to identify suitable material for tissue regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the biocompatibility and effectiveness of a gelatin scaffold seeded with human adipose stem cells (hASCs), including physical characteristics, multilineage differentiation in vitro, and osteogenic potential, in a rat model of a calvarial bone defect and to optimize its design. This functionalized scaffold comprised gelatin-hASCs layers to improve their efficacy in various biomedical applications. The gelatin scaffold exhibited excellent biocompatibility in vitro after two weeks of implantation. Furthermore, the gelatin scaffold supported and specifically regulated the proliferation and osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of hASCs, respectively. After 12 weeks of implantation, upon treatment with the gelatin-hASCs scaffold, the calvarial bone harboring the critical defect regenerated better and displayed greater osteogenic potential without any damage to the surrounding tissues compared to the untreated bone defect. These findings suggest that the present gelatin scaffold is a good potential carrier for stem cells in various tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from rat mandible to regenerate critical sized calvarial defect

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204173141983042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Joon Lee ◽  
Jane Kwon ◽  
Luke Current ◽  
Kun Yoon ◽  
Rahim Zalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Embryonic Origin ◽  
Rat Mandible

Although bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively explored in bone tissue engineering, only few studies using mesenchymal stem cells from mandible (M-MSCs) have been reported. However, mesenchymal stem cells from mandible have the potential to be as effective as femur-derived mesenchymal stem cells (F-MSCs) in regenerating bone, especially in the orofacial regions, which share embryonic origin, proximity, and accessibility. M-MSCs were isolated and characterized using mesenchymal stem cell–specific markers, colony forming assay, and multi-potential differentiation. In vitro osteogenic potential, including proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization, was examined and compared. Furthermore, in vivo bone formations of F-MSCs and M-MSCs in rat critical sized defect were evaluated using microCT and histology. M-MSCs from rat could be successfully isolated and expanded while preserving their MSC’s characteristics. M-MSCs demonstrated a comparable proliferation and mineralization potentials and in vivo bone formation as F-MSCs. M-MSCs is a promising cell source candidate for craniofacial bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals ID: 1037 Effect of fluorescent nanodiamonds on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into hepatocyte-like cell

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Trung Kien Do ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Nga ◽  
Nguyen Quynh Anh ◽  
Dinh Minh Pham ◽  
Chu Hoang Ha
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Hepatic Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Or Gene

Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) indicated that it has excellent biocompatibility and photostability,so it well suited for long-term labeling and tracking of stem cells. There are many reports concerning the factors controlling stem cell differentiation. However, still little knowledge about the biomaterials properties influence stem cell alive, growth and differentiation processing. In this study, we evaluate the effect of fluorescent nanodiamond in in vitro culture and differentiation of ucMSC into hepatocyte-like cell. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the umbilical cord (UC) and CD markers were analyzed by flow cytometry and genes expression. For hepatic differentiation of UC-MSCs, cells were induced with HGF and DMSO treated. FND was supply in the experimental group which 10 g/ml in 4 hours. The FND uptake was detected of fluorescence intensity of FND in cells by flow cytometry and laser scan microscopy. The effect of FND into UCMSCs was not only evaluated by the cell alive and growth assay but also effective differentiation throughout morphology charging or gene expression levels of AFP, ALB, and HNF4 were determined by RT-PCR and real-time PCR. The result showed that the FND was well uptake in UCMSCs. It was no affected into ability of the cell alive and growth. The existence of FNDs does not disturb the functions of UC-MSCs differentiation into hepatocyte-like cell. FND can be utilized for the labeling and tracking of UC-MSCs and hepatocyte-like cell in homing research.

Association of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Ricinus Bone Compound in a Model of Bone Defect

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Alan Jesus ◽  
Adriano Jesus ◽  
Flávia Lima ◽  
Luiz Freitas ◽  
Cássio Meira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group

Autogenous bone grafting is needed in some bone tissue defects; however, it causes secondary surgical wounds and morbidity. Tissue bioengineering may be an alternative approach for bone regeneration. Here we investigated the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DPSC) in association with a Ricinus bone compound (RBC) in a model of bone defect. The influence of the biomaterial RBC on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSC was assessed in vitro by MTT metabolism and alizarin red staining, respectively. The morphologic analysis was performed using the optic and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. For the in vivo study, 54 Wistar rats submitted to calvarial defects were filled with RBC or RBC+DPSC. A control group had the defects filled only with blood clots. Analyses were performed 15, 30 and 60 days after treatment using digital radiography, optical microscopy, SEM and chemical analysis by electron dispersive spectroscopy. The Ricinus bone compound (RBC) did not inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. No spontaneous regeneration was observed in the control group. The area of the calvarial defect of the RBC+DPSC group showed greater radiopacity on day 15. The RBC presented no reabsorption, was biocompatible and showed osteointegration, working as a mechanical filling. Only sparse ossification areas were found and those were larger and more developed on the RBC+DPSC group when compared to animals treated only with RBC. RBC in association with DPSC is a promising combination for applications in bone regeneration.  

scholarly journals Comparing bone tissue engineering efficacy of HDPSCs, HBMSCs on 3D biomimetic ABM-P-15 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamuna Mohanram ◽  
Jingying Zhang ◽  
Eleftherios Tsiridis ◽  
Xuebin B. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
In Vivo Model

Abstract Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) has been the gold standard for bone regeneration. However, the low proliferation rate and long doubling time limited its clinical applications. This study aims to compare the bone tissue engineering efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) with HBMSCs in 2D, and 3D anorganic bone mineral (ABM) coated with a biomimetic collagen peptide (ABM-P-15) for improving bone-forming speed and efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The multipotential of both HDPSCs and HBMSCs have been compared in vitro. The bone formation of HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 was tested using in vivo model. The osteogenic potential of the cells was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and immunohistological staining for osteogenic markers. Enhanced ALP, collagen, lipid droplet, or glycosaminoglycans production were visible in HDPSCs and HBMSCs after osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic induction. HDPSC showed stronger ALP staining compared to HBMSCs. Confocal images showed more viable HDPSCs on both ABM-P-15 and ABM scaffolds compared to HBMSCs on similar scaffolds. ABM-P-15 enhanced cell attachment/spreading/bridging formation on ABM-P-15 scaffolds and significantly increased quantitative ALP specific activities of the HDPSCs and HBMSCs. After 8 weeks in vivo implantation in diffusion chamber model, the HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 scaffolds showed extensive high organised collagenous matrix formation that was positive for COL-I and OCN compared to ABM alone. In conclusion, the HDPSCs have a higher proliferation rate and better osteogenic capacity, which indicated the potential of combining HDPSCs with ABM-P-15 scaffolds for improving bone regeneration speed and efficacy.

Effect of the Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors on the Differentiation of Stem Cells in Bone Damage Repairing and Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Kun Ji ◽  
Tiancong Wang ◽  
Guifeng Li ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

Tissue damage repairing and regeneration is a research hot topic. Tissue engineering arises at the historic moment which is a defect repair compound composed of seed cells, tissue engineering scaffolds, and inducing factors. Stem cells have a limited growth period in vitro culture, and they have a pattern of replicating ageing, and these disadvantages are limiting the applications of stem cells in basic research and clinical treatment. The enhancement of stem cell differentiation ability is a difficult problem to overcome, and it is possible to enhance the differentiation ability of stem cells through histone modification so as to provide a more robust foundation for damage repairing and regeneration. Studies have shown that Histone Deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors can improve mesenchymal stem cells in vitro induced in different directions, conversion efficiency, increasing the feasibility and safety of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering, to offer reference to promote the stem cell therapy in clinical application. Therefore, this paper mainly focusing on the usage and achievements of the deacetylase inhibitors in stem cell differentiation studies and their use and prospects in repair of bone tissue defects.

scholarly journals Modern concepts of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells and the creation of bioengineering structures for bone tissue repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-508
Author(s):  
H. A. Zhernasechanka
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
The Creation

The following review summarizes the latest studies on in vitro osteogenic mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and selection of scaffolds that can maintain the viability and functional activity of these cells for bone tissue repair. In the last time, there have been investigated a lot of issues such as the stimulation and development osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, the growth factors – inducers of osteogenesis in MSCs, the creation of 3D constructions of cells in different scaffolds. A deeper understanding of the osteogenic differentiation mechanisms can result in the novel therapeutic opportunities of bone disease treatment. Special attention is given to materials for scaffold designs and template–cell interactions, which is of great importance for the structuring and functioning of an engineered tissue.

scholarly journals Comparison of Osteogenesis between Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Sheets on Poly-ε-Caprolactone/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds in Canine Bone Defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsun Kim ◽  
Seung Hoon Lee ◽  
Byung-jae Kang ◽  
Wan Hee Kim ◽  
Hui-suk Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Mrna Levels

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC sheets have effective potentials of bone regeneration. Composite polymer/ceramic scaffolds such as poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are widely used to repair large bone defects. The present study investigated thein vitroosteogenic potential of canine adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) and Ad-MSC sheets. Composite PCL/β-TCP scaffolds seeded with Ad-MSCs or wrapped with osteogenic Ad-MSC sheets (OCS) were also fabricated and their osteogenic potential was assessed following transplantation into critical-sized bone defects in dogs. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteogenic Ad-MSCs (O-MSCs) and OCS was significantly higher than that of undifferentiated Ad-MSCs (U-MSCs). TheALP, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin,andbone morphogenetic protein 7 mRNA levels were upregulated in O-MSCs and OCS as compared to U-MSCs. In a segmental bone defect, the amount of newly formed bone was greater in PCL/β-TCP/OCS and PCL/β-TCP/O-MSCs/OCS than in the other groups. The OCS exhibit strong osteogenic capacity, and OCS combined with a PCL/β-TCP composite scaffold stimulated new bone formation in a critical-sized bone defect. These results suggest that the PCL/β-TCP/OCS composite has potential clinical applications in bone regeneration and can be used as an alternative treatment modality in bone tissue engineering.

In Vitro Cell Adhesion, Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells on Tulbaghia violacea Loaded Polycaprolactone (PCL) Nanofibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1485-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lerato N. Madike ◽  
M. Pillay ◽  
Ketul C. Popat
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Osteocalcin Production

Tissue engineering has been used for decades to restructure, replace and repair damaged tissue in the body. However, there are a number of challenges that have been identified, with the biggest one currently being the development of scaffolds with the ideal properties that can promote cell-scaffold interactions to enhance cell proliferation and differentiation. There is currently very little research on the incorporation of extracts of medicinal plants in scaffold fabrication with the aim of enhancing the surface properties of the scaffold. For this study, Tulbaghia violacea-based PCL scaffolds were fabricated and evaluated for their osteogenic potential on adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in osteogenic media. The short-term studies illustrated enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation with low levels of toxicity as well as the formation of elongated cells in the T. violacea-based scaffolds when compared to the control PCL scaffold. The long term studies indicated increased alkaline phosphate activity (ALP) in the T. violacea scaffolds when compared to PCL and overall higher levels of osteocalcin production over a period of 3 weeks. Immunofluorescence imaging of marker proteins also illustrated that the T. violacea incorporated scaffolds supported better osteocalcin production which is a specific extracellular matrix (ECM) marker for cartilaginous tissue. These results support the incorporation of T. violacea plant extracts for the enhancement of nanofiber scaffolds with the potential for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Association of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Ricinus Bone Compound in a Model of Bone Defect

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Alan Araújo de Jesus ◽  
Adriano Araújo de Jesus ◽  
Flávia Oliveira de Lima ◽  
Luiz Antônio Rodrigues de Freitas ◽  
Cássio Santana Meira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group

Autogenous bone grafting is needed in some bone tissue defects; however, it causes secondary surgical wounds and morbidity. Tissue bioengineering may be an alternative approach for bone regeneration. Here we investigated the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DPSC) in association with a Ricinus bone compound (RBC) in a model of bone defect. The influence of the biomaterial RBC on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSC was assessed in vitro by MTT metabolism and alizarin red staining, respectively. The morphologic analysis was performed using the optic and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. For the in vivo study, 54 Wistar rats submitted to calvarial defects were filled with RBC or RBC+DPSC. A control group had the defects filled only with blood clots. Analyses were performed 15, 30 and 60 days after treatment using digital radiography, optical microscopy, SEM and chemical analysis by electron dispersive spectroscopy. The Ricinus bone compound (RBC) did not inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. No spontaneous regeneration was observed in the control group. The area of the calvarial defect of the RBC+DPSC group showed greater radiopacity on day 15. The RBC presented no reabsorption, was biocompatible and showed osteointegration, working as a mechanical filling. Only sparse ossification areas were found and those were larger and more developed on the RBC+DPSC group when compared to animals treated only with RBC. RBC in association with DPSC is a promising combination for applications in bone regeneration.  

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