scholarly journals The Gut Microbiota: A Potential Gateway to Improved Health Outcomes in Breast Cancer Treatment and Survivorship

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9239
Author(s):  
Kara Sampsell ◽  
Desirée Hao ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Endocrine Signaling ◽  
The Relationship

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. The disease and its treatments exert profound effects on an individual’s physical and mental health. There are many factors that impact an individual’s risk of developing breast cancer, their response to treatments, and their risk of recurrence. The community of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, the gut microbiota, affects human health through metabolic, neural, and endocrine signaling, and immune activity. It is through these mechanisms that the gut microbiota appears to influence breast cancer risk, response to treatment, and recurrence. A disrupted gut microbiota or state of ‘dysbiosis’ can contribute to a biological environment associated with higher risk for cancer development as well as contribute to negative treatment side-effects. Many cancer treatments have been shown to shift the gut microbiota toward dysbiosis; however, the microbiota can also be positively manipulated through diet, prebiotic and probiotic supplementation, and exercise. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the current understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiota and breast cancer and to highlight potential strategies for modulation of the gut microbiota that could lead to improved clinical outcomes and overall health in this population.

scholarly journals A New Paradigm in the Relationship between Melatonin and Breast Cancer: Gut Microbiota Identified as a Potential Regulatory Agent

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3141
Author(s):  
Aurora Laborda-Illanes ◽  
Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽  
Soukaina Boutriq ◽  
Isaac Plaza-Andrades ◽  
Jesús Peralta-Linero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Melatonin Production

In this review we summarize a possible connection between gut microbiota, melatonin production, and breast cancer. An imbalance in gut bacterial population composition (dysbiosis), or changes in the production of melatonin (circadian disruption) alters estrogen levels. On the one hand, this may be due to the bacterial composition of estrobolome, since bacteria with β-glucuronidase activity favour estrogens in a deconjugated state, which may ultimately lead to pathologies, including breast cancer. On the other hand, it has been shown that these changes in intestinal microbiota stimulate the kynurenine pathway, moving tryptophan away from the melatonergic pathway, thereby reducing circulating melatonin levels. Due to the fact that melatonin has antiestrogenic properties, it affects active and inactive estrogen levels. These changes increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Additionally, melatonin stimulates the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes, which have low estrogen levels due to the fact that adipocytes do not express aromatase. Consequently, melatonin also reduces the risk of breast cancer. However, more studies are needed to determine the relationship between microbiota, melatonin, and breast cancer, in addition to clinical trials to confirm the sensitizing effects of melatonin to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and its ability to ameliorate or prevent the side effects of these therapies.

Neuregulin (NRG) expression modulates clinical response to trastuzumab in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10069-10069
Author(s):  
E. De Alava ◽  
M. Abad ◽  
C. A. Rodriguez ◽  
J. C. Montero ◽  
E. Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Erbb2 Amplification ◽  
Erbb2 Overexpression

10069 Background: ErbB2 overexpression is the major determinant of response to trastuzumab (Herceptin, H). Recently, some authors have reported the potential role of the expression of NRG on ErbB2 activation in breast cancer cells, and its consequences in response to treatment with H. In the present study we analyze the relationship between response to H and expression of ErbB2 and NRG in patients (pt) with MBC. Methods: Data and frozen tissue samples from 30 consecutive pt with MBC and positive ErbB2 at diagnosis [Immunohistochemistry (IHC)] were collected. All pt were treated with an Herceptin-based regimen. Central Pathologic review of ErbB2 expression was performed in all samples (Herceptest and FISH). NRG expression was studied by IHC on paraffin embedded material and by Western blotting on frozen tissue using an antibody raised against the intracellular domain of NRG. NRG expression by IHC was evaluated using a semiquantitative scoring system that assesses both extension and intensity of cytoplasmic staining. Correlation between ErbB2 and NRG expression and its influence in response to H was analyzed. Characteristics of pt: Median Age: 54; Median mts sites: 2; Treatment: H alone:1 pt; H+Taxol:15 pt; H+Taxol+Carbo: 4 pt; H+Taxol+Lip.Doxorub:2 pt, H+Vinorelbine:7 pt; H+CDDP:1 pt. Results: ORR: 76% (CR:23%, PR:53%). Median TTP: 7.8 m. After central Pathologic review, a total of 20 tumors showed ErbB2 amplification by FISH and 19 of them were Herceptest 3+. A positive correlation was observed between ErbB2 amplification and NRG expression. All complete responses (n=7) were seen in pt with ErbB2 amplification. Interestingly, in the group of tumors without ErbB2 amplification (n=10), 7 had high NRG expression levels, as assessed by IHC. Six out of these 7 tumors having high levels of NRG expression, exhibited partial responses. NRG expression, in turn, did not have impact on response among ErbB2 amplified tumors. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that responses to H regimens in pt with MBC can be seen in pt lacking ErbB2 amplification in presence of high levels of expression of transmembrane ligand NRG. This suggests that the group of pt that may benefit from treatment with H could be broader than currently established. A confirmatory study is ongoing in a larger series. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Associations between morning–evening chronotype, fatigue, and QOL in breast cancer survivors.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 246-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oxana Palesh ◽  
M. Melissa Packer ◽  
Holly George ◽  
Cheryl Koopman ◽  
Pasquale F. Innominato
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Morning Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Range Of Values

246 Background: Emerging evidence suggests that circadian disruption is associated with cancer and cancer treatments. Chronotype is defined as a behaviorally manifested preference for a certain timing of sleep and activity. Previous studies have revealed that living out of sync from one’s innate chronotype can have detrimental effects on one’s health. Although there has been research examining the associations between chronotype and health, not much is known about the relationship between chronotype, fatigue, and QOL in cancer survivors. Methods: 68 Breast cancer survivors completed questionnaires to assess their chronotype (Horne-Ostberg), to rate their fatigue (MDASI), and to evaluate their QOL (FACIT). The Horne-Ostberg questionnaire yields a range of values indicating survivors’ preference for early or late activity. The study sample was divided by terciles according to survivors’ “morningness” or “eveningness” preferences (i.e., chronotypes). Results: Morning chronotype was associated with significantly less severe tiredness and drowsiness as well as significantly better physical well-being and fatigue subscale scores as compared to evening chronotype. Tiredness median (M) scores were highest for evening chronotype (M=5.5), moderate for mid-range chronotype (M=4.5), and lowest for morning chronotype (M=3.0), a significant difference (p=0.046). Drowsiness scores were highest for evening chronotype (median=6.0), moderate for mid-range chronotype (M=4.0), and lowest for morning chronotype (M=3.0), p=0.046. The median score for physical well-being was significantly lower for evening compared to morning chronotypes (22.5 vs. 25.0, p=0.038) and morning types reported significantly better health in respect to fatigue compared to evening types (40.5 vs. 35.5, p=0.045). Conclusions: Survivors with early chronotype (early to bed, early to rise) reported less fatigue, drowsiness, and better overall physical well-being. While chronotype is believed to be genetically driven, certain behavioral, pharmacological, and bright light modifications can be used to help patients shift their circadian rhythm towards earlier morning type and may experience improvements in physical well-being.

scholarly journals Psoriasis and Gut Microbiome—Current State of Art

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4529
Author(s):  
Karina Polak ◽  
Beata Bergler-Czop ◽  
Michał Szczepanek ◽  
Kamila Wojciechowska ◽  
Aleksandra Frątczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects around 125 million people worldwide. Several studies concerning the gut microbiota composition and its role in disease pathogenesis recently demonstrated significant alterations among psoriatic patients. Certain parameters such as Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio or Psoriasis Microbiome Index were developed in order to distinguish between psoriatic and healthy individuals. The “leaky gut syndrome” and bacterial translocation is considered by some authors as a triggering factor for the onset of the disease, as it promotes chronic systemic inflammation. The alterations were also found to resemble those in inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity and certain cardiovascular diseases. Microbiota dysbiosis, depletion in SCFAs production, increased amount of produced TMAO, dysregulation of the pathways affecting the balance between lymphocytes populations seem to be the most significant findings concerning gut physiology in psoriatic patients. The gut microbiota may serve as a potential response-to-treatment biomarker in certain cases of biological treatment. Oral probiotics administration as well as fecal microbial transplantation were most reported in bringing health benefits to psoriatic patients. However, the issue of psoriatic bacterial gut composition, its role and healing potential needs further investigation. Here we reviewed the literature on the current state of the relationship between psoriasis and gut microbiome.

scholarly journals Cognitive Complaints After Breast Cancer Treatments: Examining the Relationship With Neuropsychological Test Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 791-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Ganz ◽  
Lorna Kwan ◽  
Steven A. Castellon ◽  
Amy Oppenheim ◽  
Julienne E. Bower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Social support as a determinant of health-related quality of life in breast cancer survivors in California.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 118-118
Author(s):  
Faiza Rab
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
The Relationship

118 Background: To evaluate the relationship between perceived social support and HRQOL (physical and emotional) in low SES (Socio economic status) breast cancer survivors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to measure perceived social support at 18 months and HRQOL at 3 years after breast cancer diagnosis using MOS SS and MOS SF-36, respectively. Multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship. Results: Menopause at the time of diagnosis, adjunct chemotherapy, adjunct radiation therapy, co-morbidities, treatment side effects and depression were negatively associated with PCS scores (p < 0.01). Treatment side effects, anxiety and depression were negatively associated with MCS scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Perceived social support was not associated with HRQOL in low SES breast cancer survivors in our study. Menopause, co-morbidities, treatment side effect, adjunct chemotherapy and radiation therapy adversely affect physical HRQOL. Feelings of anxiety, depression and treatment side effects have a negative impact on emotional HRQOL.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document