scholarly journals Surface Activation of Titanium Dental Implants by Using UVC-LED Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2597
Author(s):  
Nagore Arroyo-Lamas ◽  
Iciar Arteagoitia ◽  
Unai Ugalde
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Organic contaminants significantly limit the bioactivity of titanium implants, resulting in the degradation known as the ageing of titanium. To reactivate the surfaces, they can be photofunctionalized, i.e., irradiated with C-range ultraviolet (UVC) light. This descriptive in vitro study compares the effectiveness of novel light-emitting diode (LED) technology to remove contaminant hydrocarbons from three different commercially available titanium dental implants: THD, TiUnite, and SLA. The surface topography and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical compositions were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), before and after the lighting treatment, by a pair of closely placed UVC (λ = 278 nm) and LED devices for 24 h. SEM analysis showed morphological differences at the macro- and micro-scopic level. XPS analysis showed a remarkable reduction in the carbon contents after the UVC treatment: from 25.6 to 19.5 C at. % (carbon atomic concentration) in the THD; from 30.2 to 20.2 C at. % in the TiUnite; from 26.1 to 19.2 C at. % in the SLA surface. Simultaneously, the concentration of oxygen and titanium increased. Therefore, LED-based UVC irradiation decontaminated titanium surfaces and improved the chemical features of them, regardless of the kind of surface.

scholarly journals Macrophagic Inflammatory Response Next to Dental Implants with Different Macro- and Micro-Structure: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5324
Author(s):  
Maria Menini ◽  
Francesca Delucchi ◽  
Domenico Baldi ◽  
Francesco Pera ◽  
Francesco Bagnasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

(1) Background: Intrinsic characteristics of the implant surface and the possible presence of endotoxins may affect the bone–implant interface and cause an inflammatory response. This study aims to evaluate the possible inflammatory response induced in vitro in macrophages in contact with five different commercially available dental implants. (2) Methods: one zirconia implant NobelPearl® (Nobel Biocare) and four titanium implants, Syra® (Sweden & Martina), Prama® (Sweden & Martina), 3iT3® (Biomet 3i) and Shard® (Mech & Human), were evaluated. After 4 h of contact of murine macrophage cells J774a.1 with the implants, the total RNA was extracted, transcribed to cDNA and the gene expression of the macrophages was evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in relation to the following genes: GAPDH, YWHAZ, IL1β, IL6, TNFα, NOS2, MMP-9, MMP-8 and TIMP3. The results were statistically analyzed and compared with negative controls. (3) Results: No implant triggered a significant inflammatory response in macrophages, although 3iT3 exhibited a slight pro-inflammatory effect compared to other samples. (4) Conclusions: All the samples showed optimal outcomes without any inflammatory stimulus on the examined macrophagic cells.

scholarly journals Direct Metal Laser Sintering Titanium Dental Implants: A Review of the Current Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mangano ◽  
L. Chambrone ◽  
R. van Noort ◽  
C. Miller ◽  
P. Hatton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Direct Metal Laser Sintering ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Statement of Problem. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a technology that allows fabrication of complex-shaped objects from powder-based materials, according to a three-dimensional (3D) computer model. With DMLS, it is possible to fabricate titanium dental implants with an inherently porous surface, a key property required of implantation devices.Objective. The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence for the reliability of DMLS titanium dental implants and their clinical and histologic/histomorphometric outcomes, as well as their mechanical properties.Materials and Methods. Electronic database searches were performed. Inclusion criteria were clinical and radiographic studies, histologic/histomorphometric studies in humans and animals, mechanical evaluations, andin vitrocell culture studies on DMLS titanium implants. Meta-analysis could be performed only for randomized controlled trials (RCTs); to evaluate the methodological quality of observational human studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used.Results. Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. No RCTs were found, and meta-analysis could not be performed. The outcomes of observational human studies were assessed using the NOS: these studies showed medium methodological quality.Conclusions. Several studies have demonstrated the potential for the use of DMLS titanium implants. However, further studies that demonstrate the benefits of DMLS implants over conventional implants are needed.

An in-vitro study of the sterilization of titanium dental implants using low intensity UV-radiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jason Riley ◽  
Valter Bavastrello ◽  
Ugo Covani ◽  
Antonio Barone ◽  
Claudio Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

scholarly journals Decontamination of Titanium Surface Using Different Methods: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sifan Yan ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Satoshi Komasa ◽  
Akinori Agariguchi ◽  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Plasma Treatments ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Contamination of implants is inevitable during different steps of production as well as during the clinical use. We devised a new implant cleaning strategy to restore the bioactivities on dental implant surfaces. We evaluated the efficiency of the Finevo cleaning system, and Ultraviolet and Plasma treatments to decontaminate hydrocarbon-contaminated titanium disks. The surfaces of the contaminated titanium disks cleaned using the Finevo cleaning system were similar to those of the uncontaminated titanium disks in scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, but no obvious change in the roughness was observed in the scanning probe microscopy analysis. The rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) cultured on the treated titanium disks attached to and covered the surfaces of disks cleaned with the Finevo cleaning system. The alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and osteogenesis-related gene expression in rBMMSCs on disks cleaned using the Finevo cleaning system were higher compared to those in the ultraviolet and plasma treatments, displaying better cell functionality. Thus, the Finevo cleaning system can enhance the attachment, differentiation, and mineralization of rBMMSCs on treated titanium disk surfaces. This research provides a new strategy for cleaning the surface of contaminated titanium dental implants and for restoration of their biological functions.

Accuracy of detecting and measuring buccal bone thickness adjacent to titanium dental implants—a cone beam computed tomography in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salatino Liedke ◽  
Rubens Spin-Neto ◽  
Heloisa Emilia Dias da Silveira ◽  
Lars Schropp ◽  
Andreas Stavropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

scholarly journals Zirconia vs. Titanium Dental Implants: Primary Stability In-Vitro Analysis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7886
Author(s):  
Nerea Arlucea ◽  
Aritza Brizuela-Velasco ◽  
Markel Dieguez-Pereira ◽  
Miquel Punset ◽  
Meritxell Molmeneu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants ◽  
Zirconia Implants

The present experimental trial uses two types of dental implants, one made of titanium (Ti6Al4V) and the other one of zirconia (ZrO2), but both of identical design, to compare their stability and micro-movements values under load. One of each type of implant (n = 42) was placed into 21 cow ribs, recording the insertion torque and the resonance frequency using a specific transducer. Subsequently, a prosthetic crown made of PMMA was screwed onto each of the implants in the sample. They were then subjected to a static compression load on the vestibular cusp of the crown. The resulting micromovements were measured. The zirconia implants obtained a higher mean of both IT and RFA when compared with those of titanium, with statistically significant differences in both cases (p = 0.0483 and p = 0.0296). However, the micromovement values when load was applied were very similar for both types, with the differences between them (p = 0.3867) not found to be statistically significant. The results show that zirconia implants have higher implant stability values than titanium implants. However, the fact that there are no differences in micromobility values implies that caution should be exercised when applying clinical protocols for zirconia based on RFA, which only has evidence for titanium.

scholarly journals Effect of an Er,Cr:YSGG Laser on the Surface of Implants: A Descriptive Comparative Study of 3 Different Tips and Pulse Energies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Ehsan Chegeni ◽  
Antonio España-Tost ◽  
Rui Figueiredo ◽  
Eduard Valmaseda-Castellón ◽  
Josep Arnabat-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class D ◽  
Class B ◽  
Class C

Peri-implant diseases are one of the main complications of dental implants. There are no well-established guidelines regarding laser parameters for implant decontamination. The aim was to compare two different settings of irradiation of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on dental implants regarding surface alterations and determine the best settings for less damage on the surface. An in vitro study was performed and 30 areas of dental implants were irradiated with two different regimes of energy per pulse 50 and 84 mJ (1.5 W/30 Hz and 2.5 W/30 Hz). A total of 30 sites of implants were irradiated with three different tips (10 surfaces per tip): conical (RTF3-17 mm), side firing (SFT8-18 mm) and cylindrical (MGG6-6 mm). The following descriptive classification on surface damage was employed: no damage (class A), minimal effects (class B), metal fall with melting (class C), and destruction with carbonization (class D). The assessment was made through a descriptive scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Side firing and conical tips at 50 mJ were classified as class A. Side firing at 84 mJ and cylindrical tips 50 mJ and 84 mJ were classified as class B. Finally, class C defects were found in the areas where the conical tip was used at 84 mJ. Side firing and conical tips at 50 mJ do not seem to damage the implant surface.

scholarly journals Marginal Adaptation and Micropermeability of Class II Cavities Restored with Three Different Types of Resin Composites—A Comparative Ten-Month In Vitro Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Sevda Mihailova Yantcheva
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ageing Period

The development of composite materials is subject to the desire to overcome polymerization shrinkage and generated polymerization stress. An indicator characterizing the properties of restorative materials, with specific importance for preventing secondary caries, is the integrity and durability of marginal sealing. It is a reflection of the effects of polymerization shrinkage and generated stress. The present study aimed to evaluate and correlate marginal integrity and micropermeability in second-class cavities restored with three different types of composites, representing different strategies to reduce polymerization shrinkage and stress: nanocomposite, silorane, and bulk-fill composite after a ten-month ageing period. Thirty standardized class ΙΙ cavities were prepared on extracted human molars. Gingival margins were 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. Cavities were randomly divided into three groups, based on the composites used: FiltekUltimate-nanocomposite; Filtek Silorane LS-silorane; SonicFill-bulk-fill composite. All specimens were subjected to thermal cycles after that, dipped in saline for 10-mounds. After ageing, samples were immersed in a 2% methylene blue. Thus prepared, they were covered directly with gold and analyzed on SEM for assessment of marginal seal. When the SEM analysis was completed, the teeth were included into epoxy blocks and cut longitudinally on three slices for each cavity. An assessment of microleakage on stereomicroscope followed. Results were statistically analyzed. For marginal seal evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with more excellent results than SonicFill for marginal adaptation to the gingival margin, located entirely in the dentin. For microleakage evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with less microleakage than SonicFill. Based on the results obtained: a strong correlation is found between excellent results for marginal adaptation to the marginal gingival ridge and micropermeability at the direction to the axial wall. We observe a more significant influence of time at the gingival margin of the cavities. There is a significant increase in the presence of marginal fissures (p = 0.001). A significant impact of time (p < 0.000) and of the material (p < 0.000) was found in the analysis of the microleakage.

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