scholarly journals Saliva Proteomics as Fluid Signature of Inflammatory and Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7018
Author(s):  
Anna Campanati ◽  
Emanuela Martina ◽  
Federico Diotallevi ◽  
Giulia Radi ◽  
Andrea Marani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Saliva Analysis ◽  
Whole Saliva

Saliva is easy to access, non-invasive and a useful source of information useful for the diagnosis of serval inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Following the advent of genomic technologies and -omic research, studies based on saliva testing have rapidly increased and human salivary proteome has been partially characterized. As a proteomic protocol to analyze the whole saliva proteome is not currently available, the most common aim of the proteomic analysis is to discriminate between physiological and pathological conditions. The salivary proteome has been initially investigated in several diseases: oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia, chronic graft-versus-host disease, and Sjögren’s syndrome. Otherwise, salivary proteomics studies in the dermatological field are still in the initial phase, thus the aim of this review is to collect the best research evidence on the role of saliva proteomics analysis in immune-mediated skin diseases to understand the direction of research in this field. The results of PRISMA analysis reported herein suggest that human saliva analysis could provide significant data for the diagnosis and prognosis of several immune-mediated and inflammatory skin diseases in the next future.

scholarly journals The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases—A Literature Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Beata Szulc-Musioł ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poor Stability

In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.

scholarly journals IL-17C and IL-17RE Promote Wound Closure in a Staphylococcus aureus-Based Murine Wound Infection Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Linda Pätzold ◽  
Alexandra Stark ◽  
Felix Ritzmann ◽  
Carola Meier ◽  
Thomas Tschernig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infected Skin

The epithelial cytokine interleukin-17C (IL-17C) mediates inflammation through the interleukin 17 receptor E (IL-17RE). Prior studies showed a detrimental role of IL-17C in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis). Here, we examined the role of IL-17C/IL-17RE in wound closure in a Staphylococcus aureus wound infection model. We demonstrate that wound closure is significantly delayed in IL-17RE (Il-17re−/−)- and 17C (Il-17c−/−)-deficient mice. There was no significant difference between WT, Il-17re−/−, and Il-17c−/− mice in the absence of infection. Deficiency for IL-17RE and IL-17C did not significantly affect the elimination of bacteria. IL-17C expression was increased in the epidermis of human S. aureus-infected skin. Our results indicate that the IL-17C/IL-17RE axis contributes to the closure of infected wounds but does not contribute to the elimination of S. aureus.

1173Anti-heart and anti-intercalated disk autoantibodies: possible novel biomarkers of cardiac sarcoidosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Caforio ◽  
S Gianstefani ◽  
A Baritussio ◽  
R Marcolongo ◽  
M Seguso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Intercalated Disk

Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is an immune-mediated disease; cardiac involvement, a granulomatous form of myocarditis, is under-recognised and prognostically relevant, as it can present with significant morbidity and mortality. Anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) and anti-intercalated disk autoantibodies (AIDA) are reliable autoimmune markers in non-sarcoidosis myocarditis forms. Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the potential role of serum AHA and AIDA in cardiac sarcoidosis. Methods This is a cross-sectional study on a series of 29 patients with biopsy proven extra-cardiac sarcoidosis and with biopsy-proven or clinically suspected cardiac involvement, who were tested for AHA and AIDA. Patients were recruited in two recruiting tertiary centres, in USA and Italy. AHA and AIDA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence on human myocardium and skeletal muscle. Controls included sera from patients with non-inflammatory cardiac disease (NICD) (n=160), with ischemic heart failure (IHF) (n=141) and normal blood donors (NBD) (n=270). Results The frequencies of AHA and of AIDA were higher in sarcoidosis (86%; 62%) than in NICD (8%; 4%), IHF (7%; 2%), NBD (9%; 0%) (p=0.0001; p=0.0001 respectively). Sensitivity and specificity were: 86% and 92% for positive AHA and 62% and 98% for positive AIDA, respectively (see figure). Figure 1 Conclusions The detection of serum AHA and AIDA in biopsy-proven or clinically suspected cardiac sarcoidosis supports the involvement of heart-specific autoimmunity in the majority of our cases and may provide a novel non invasive diagnostic marker.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapies for immune-mediated and inflammatory skin diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-622
Author(s):  
Clio Dessinioti ◽  
Alexander J. Stratigos ◽  
Andreas Katsambas ◽  
Christina Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

scholarly journals Extraction of Exosomes from Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients’ Blood Plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
I. F. Gareev ◽  
O. A. Beylerli ◽  
Sh. Zhao ◽  
G. Yang ◽  
J. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumour ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

Introduction. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary malignant brain tumour in adults associated with a poor prognosis. Exosomes have been shown to be useful non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours, GBM included. Exosomes play a role of biological carriers which can perform various tasks through various signalling pathways of carcinogenesis, such as PI3K/AKT, SOX2, PTEN, ERK and STAT3.Materials and methods. Exosomes were isolated from blood plasma taken from patients diagnosed with GBM prior to surgical resection.Results and discussion. Plasma exosomes from patients with GBM had spherical shape and varied in size from 40 to 100 nm matching the exosomes’ morphological characteristics. The combination of ultrafiltration and double ultracentrifugation makes it possible to extract exosome examples from plasma without the presence of contaminating particles over 100 nm in size; the shape and size of these vesicles match the characteristics of exosomes isolated from other biological fluids.Conclusion. The experimental protocol for the extraction of exosomes from GBM patients’ plasma described here proves effective as a method used to ensure the purity of exosomes. Applying this method offers further opportunities for research into the role of exosomes in GBM pathogenesis. Equally this method can be used in research involving other human pathologies.

The Role of Bioactive Compounds and other Metabolites from Mushrooms against Skin Disorders- A Systematic Review Assessing their Cosmeceutical and Nutricosmetic Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (41) ◽  
pp. 6926-6965
Author(s):  
Oludemi Taofiq ◽  
Maria Filomena Barreiro ◽  
Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Long Term Studies

Bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms have been shown to present promising potential as cosmeceutical or nutricosmetic ingredients. Scientific data reviewed herein showed that extracts prepared from medicinal and edible mushrooms and their individual metabolites presented antiinflammatory, antioxidant, photoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase, and anticollagenase activities. These metabolites can be utilised as ingredients to suppress the severity of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, offer photoprotection to the skin, and correct Hyperpigmentation. However, studies regarding the molecular mechanism behind the mentioned bioactivities are still lacking. Challenges associated with the use of mushroom extracts and their associated metabolites as cosmeceutical and nutricosmetic ingredients include several steps from the fruiting bodies to the final product: extraction optimization, estimation of the efficacy and safety claims, the use of micro and nanocarriers to allow for controlled release and the pros and cons associated with the use of extracts vs individual compounds. This systematic review highlights that mushrooms contain diverse biomolecules that can be sustainably used in the development of nutricosmetic and cosmeceutical formulations. Reports regarding stability, compatibility, and safety assessment, but also toxicological studies are still needed to be considered. Furthermore, some of the constraints and limitations hindering the development of this type of ingredients still require long-term studies to achieve major breakthroughs.

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