scholarly journals IL-17C and IL-17RE Promote Wound Closure in a Staphylococcus aureus-Based Murine Wound Infection Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Linda Pätzold ◽  
Alexandra Stark ◽  
Felix Ritzmann ◽  
Carola Meier ◽  
Thomas Tschernig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infected Skin

The epithelial cytokine interleukin-17C (IL-17C) mediates inflammation through the interleukin 17 receptor E (IL-17RE). Prior studies showed a detrimental role of IL-17C in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis). Here, we examined the role of IL-17C/IL-17RE in wound closure in a Staphylococcus aureus wound infection model. We demonstrate that wound closure is significantly delayed in IL-17RE (Il-17re−/−)- and 17C (Il-17c−/−)-deficient mice. There was no significant difference between WT, Il-17re−/−, and Il-17c−/− mice in the absence of infection. Deficiency for IL-17RE and IL-17C did not significantly affect the elimination of bacteria. IL-17C expression was increased in the epidermis of human S. aureus-infected skin. Our results indicate that the IL-17C/IL-17RE axis contributes to the closure of infected wounds but does not contribute to the elimination of S. aureus.

scholarly journals Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enhances epidermal penetration by Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Nakamura ◽  
Kaori Kanemaru ◽  
Madoka Shoji ◽  
Kengo Totoki ◽  
Karen Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Immune Cell Infiltration ◽  
Epidermal Hyperplasia ◽  
Infected Skin

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) commonly colonizes the human skin and nostrils. However, it is also associated with a wide variety of diseases. S. aureus is frequently isolated from the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and is linked to increased disease severity. S. aureus impairs the skin barrier and triggers inflammation through the secretion of various virulence factors. S. aureus secretes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), which hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol and cleaves glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. However, the role of S. aureus PI-PLC in the pathogenesis of skin diseases, including AD, remains unclear. In this study, we sought to determine the role of S. aureus PI-PLC in the pathogenesis of skin diseases. PI-PLC was observed to enhance the invasion and persistence of S. aureus in keratinocytes. Besides, PI-PLC promoted the penetration of S. aureus through the epidermal barrier in a mouse model of AD and the human organotypic epidermal equivalent. Furthermore, the loss of PI-PLC attenuated epidermal hyperplasia and the infiltration of Gr-1+ cells and CD4+ cells induced by S. aureus infection in the mouse model of AD. Collectively, these results indicate that PI-PLC eases the entry of S. aureus into the dermis and aggravates acanthosis and immune cell infiltration in infected skin.

Role of interleukin-17 in a murine community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia model

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Shibue ◽  
Soichiro Kimura ◽  
Chiaki Kajiwara ◽  
Yoichiro Iwakura ◽  
Keizo Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Pneumonia

scholarly journals Analysis of Interleukin-17 Levels in Patients with Thrombocytopenia

Biomedika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Lidwina Septie Christyawardani ◽  
Mansyur Arief ◽  
Uleng Bahrun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Comparative Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Platelet Production ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia or platelet deficiency is a condition, in which platelet level in the blood circulation is below normal, which is less than 150,000 cells/µl. Thrombocytopenia is classified into some conditions, including decreased platelet production, increased need for platelets, and other thrombocytopenia. The need for increased platelets can be subdivided into primary immune thrombocytopenia, secondary immune thrombocytopenia, non-primary ITP, and thrombocytopenia that are not immune-mediated. Several cytokines play a role in the process of thrombocytopenia, one of which is Interleukin-17 (IL-17) that will be further discussed in this study. A previous study reported that IL-17 production increased in ITP and cITP patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the IL-17 levels and figure out the differences in IL-17 levels in the serums of patients with primary ITP and secondary ITP. The samples were taken from Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and the specimens were examined in the Research Unit Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin/Hospital of Universitas Hasanuddin. The comparative test resulted in p-value = 0.005, where p <α = 0.05; and therefore, there was a significant difference between IL 17 levels in ITP and non-primary ITP.

scholarly journals The role of the Th1 transcription factor T-bet in a mouse model of immune-mediated bone-marrow failure

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Tang ◽  
Marie J. Desierto ◽  
Jichun Chen ◽  
Neal S. Young
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Immune Mediated

Abstract The transcription factor T-bet is a key regulator of type 1 immune responses. We examined the role of T-bet in an animal model of immune-mediated bone marrow (BM) failure using mice carrying a germline T-bet gene deletion (T-bet−/−). In comparison with normal C57BL6 (B6) control mice, T-bet−/− mice had normal cellular composition in lymphohematopoietic tissues, but T-bet−/− lymphocytes were functionally defective. Infusion of 5 × 106 T-bet−/− lymph node (LN) cells into sublethally irradiated, major histocompatibility complex–mismatched CByB6F1 (F1) recipients failed to induce the severe marrow hypoplasia and fatal pancytopenia that is produced by injection of similar numbers of B6 LN cells. Increasing T-bet−/− LN-cell dose to 10 to 23 × 106 per recipient led to only mild hematopoietic deficiency. Recipients of T-bet−/− LN cells had no expansion in T cells or interferon-γ–producing T cells but showed a significant increase in Lin−Sca1+CD117+CD34− BM cells. Plasma transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-17 concentrations were increased in T-bet−/− LN-cell recipients, possibly a compensatory up-regulation of the Th17 immune response. Continuous infusion of interferon-γ resulted in hematopoietic suppression but did not cause T-bet−/− LN-cell expansion or BM destruction. Our data provided fresh evidence demonstrating a critical role of T-bet in immune-mediated BM failure.

scholarly journals Sanguiin H-6 Fractionated from Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) Seeds Can Prevent the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Development during Wound Infection

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
John Jairo Aguilera-Correa ◽  
Sara Fernández-López ◽  
Iskra Dennisse Cuñas-Figueroa ◽  
Sandra Pérez-Rial ◽  
Hanna-Leena Alakomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Biofilm Development

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of surgical site infections and its treatment is challenging due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Natural berry-derived compounds have shown antimicrobial potential, e.g., ellagitannins such as sanguiin H-6 and lambertianin C, the main phenolic compounds in Rubus seeds, have shown antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sanguiin H-6 and lambertianin C fractionated from cloudberry seeds, on the MRSA growth, and as treatment of a MRSA biofilm development in different growth media in vitro and in vivo by using a murine wound infection model where sanguiin H-6 and lambertianin C were used to prevent the MRSA infection. Sanguiin H-6 and lambertianin C inhibited the in vitro biofilm development and growth of MRSA. Furthermore, sanguiin H-6 showed significant anti-MRSA effect in the in vivo wound model. Our study shows the possible use of sanguiin H-6 as a preventive measure in surgical sites to avoid postoperative infections, whilst lambertianin C showed no anti-MRSA activity.

scholarly journals Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Responses to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an In Vitro Wound Infection Model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Haisma ◽  
Marion H. Rietveld ◽  
Anna de Breij ◽  
Jaap T. van Dissel ◽  
Abdoelwaheb El Ghalbzouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Challenges with Wound Infection Models in Drug Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 1301-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep K. Shukla ◽  
Ajay K. Sharma ◽  
Vanya Gupta ◽  
Aman Kalonia ◽  
Priyanka Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Chronic Wound ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Infection Models

: Wound research is an evolving science trying to unfold the complex untold mechanisms behind the wound healing cascade. In particular, interest is growing regarding the role of microorganisms in both acute and chronic wound healing. Microbial burden plays an important role in the persistence of chronic wounds, ultimately resulting in delayed wound healing. It is therefore important for clinicians to understand the evolution of infection science and its various etiologies. Therefore, to understand the role of bacterial biofilm in chronic wound pathogenesis, various in vitro and in vivo models are required to investigate biofilms in wound-like settings. Infection models should be refined comprising an important signet of biofilms. These models are eminent for translational research to obtain data for designing an improved wound care formulation. However, all the existing models possess limitations and do not fit properly in the model frame for developing wound care agents. Among various impediments, one of the major drawbacks of such models is that the wound they possess does not mimic the wound a human develops. Therefore, a novel wound infection model is required which can imitate the human wounds. : This review article mainly discusses various in vitro and in vivo models showing microbial colonization, their advantages and challenges. Apart from these models, there are also present ex vivo wound infection models, but this review mainly focused on various in vitro and in vivo models available for studying wound infection in controlled conditions. This information might be useful in designing an ideal wound infection model for developing an effective wound healing formulation.

Large-Scale Screening and Identification of Novel Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus Genes Using a Silkworm Infection Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (11) ◽  
pp. 1795-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atmika Paudel ◽  
Hiroshi Hamamoto ◽  
Suresh Panthee ◽  
Yasuhiko Matsumoto ◽  
Kazuhisa Sekimizu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Transposon Mutants ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Large Scale Screening

Abstract The regulatory network of virulence factors produced by the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is unclear and the functions of many uncharacterized genes in its genome remain to be elucidated. In this study, we screened 380 genes whose function was unassigned, utilizing gene-disrupted transposon mutants of the community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus USA300 for pathogenicity in silkworms. We identified 10 strains with reduced silkworm killing ability. Among them, 8 displayed reduced virulence in a mouse model as evidenced by reduced colony-forming units in organs of infected mice. The role of each gene in pathogenicity was further confirmed by complementation and pathogenicity tests in silkworms, where we found that the phenotype was not restored in 1 strain. Additionally, some of the mutants displayed reduced hemolysis, proteolysis, pigment production, and survival in murine RAW 264.7 monocyte-macrophage cells. These newly identified genes involved in virulence will enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of S. aureus.

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