scholarly journals Space Radiation-Induced Alterations in the Hippocampal Ubiquitin-Proteome System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7713
Author(s):  
Alyssa Tidmore ◽  
Sucharita M. Dutta ◽  
Arriyam S. Fesshaye ◽  
William K. Russell ◽  
Vania D. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Exposure of rodents to <20 cGy Space Radiation (SR) impairs performance in several hippocampus-dependent cognitive tasks, including spatial memory. However, there is considerable inter-individual susceptibility to develop SR-induced spatial memory impairment. In this study, a robust label-free mass spectrometry (MS)-based unbiased proteomic profiling approach was used to characterize the composition of the hippocampal proteome in adult male Wistar rats exposed to 15 cGy of 1 GeV/n 48Ti and their sham counterparts. Unique protein signatures were identified in the hippocampal proteome of: (1) sham rats, (2) Ti-exposed rats, (3) Ti-exposed rats that had sham-like spatial memory performance, and (4) Ti-exposed rats that impaired spatial memory performance. Approximately 14% (159) of the proteins detected in hippocampal proteome of sham rats were not detected in the Ti-exposed rats. We explored the possibility that the loss of the Sham-only proteins may arise as a result of SR-induced changes in protein homeostasis. SR-exposure was associated with a switch towards increased pro-ubiquitination proteins from that seen in Sham. These data suggest that the role of the ubiquitin-proteome system as a determinant of SR-induced neurocognitive deficits needs to be more thoroughly investigated.

scholarly journals The role of lung perfusion imaging in predicting the direction of radiation-induced changes in pulmonary function tests

Cancer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 2135-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence B. Marks ◽  
Donna Hollis ◽  
Michael Munley ◽  
Gunilla Bentel ◽  
Melahat Garipagaoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Lung Perfusion ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Lung Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Induced Changes

The effects of the intraamygdalar melatonin injections on the anxiety like behavior and the spatial memory performance in male Wistar rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Karakaş ◽  
Hamit Coşkun ◽  
Aliye Kaya ◽  
Ayşegül Kücük ◽  
Bülent Gündüz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Grape Seed Oil as a Natural Therapy in Male Rats with Alzheimer’s Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-436
Author(s):  
Farnoosh Berahmand ◽  
Golnoush Anoush ◽  
Mir-Jamal Hosseini ◽  
Mahdieh Anoush
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Grape Seed Oil ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Purpose: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, with an increasing prevalence rate, mostly related to cholinergic system. According to the difficulties and complications in management of AD, this study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of grape seed oil (GSO) on scopolamine (Scop) induced Alzheimer’s in male rats. Methods: 64 healthy male Wistar rats received different treatments such as: normal saline (NS), donepezil (Don), Scop and GSO, according to the previously designed protocol. Morris (MWM) was applied for spatial memory tests. Right after the behavioral tests, the brains were removed and the hippocampus was separated for evaluation of acetylcholine levels as well as cell death and neuro inflammation. Results: The results of the test day indicated that the mean Q2 time was increased in both GSO test groups (P<0.05) and Don treated group (P<0.001).The spectrophotometric findings affirm that both GSO co-treatment and post-treatment were effective in augmenting brain acetylcholine levels (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). The microscopic findings of Hamp;E dyed tissues confirmed the above mentioned results for different treatments except for GSO post treatment, in which the viability of cells were very low. Conclusion: The results implied that supplementation of rats with GSO caused a significant augmentation in spatial memory performance as well as acetylcholine levels and cell viability in the presence of Scop. This effect was comparable to that of Don especially when GSO was used as co-treatment.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of miRNAs for the Radiation Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3703
Author(s):  
Lily Nguyen ◽  
Daniela Schilling ◽  
Sophie Dobiasch ◽  
Susanne Raulefs ◽  
Marina Santiago Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Today, pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a five-year overall survival rate of less than 7%. Only 15–20% of patients are eligible for curative intent surgery at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, neoadjuvant treatment regimens have been introduced in order to downsize the tumor by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To further increase the efficacy of radiotherapy, novel molecular biomarkers are urgently needed to define the subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients who would benefit most from radiotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could have the potential to serve as novel predictive and prognostic biomarkers in patients with pancreatic cancer. In the present article, the role of miRNAs as blood biomarkers, which are associated with either radioresistance or radiation-induced changes of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, is discussed. Furthermore, the manuscript provides own data of miRNAs identified in a pancreatic cancer mouse model as well as radiation-induced miRNA changes in the plasma of tumor-bearing mice.

Kainic acid lesion-induced spatial memory deficits of rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Hritcu ◽  
Toshitaka Nabeshima
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Kainic Acid ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

AbstractThe effects of lesioning the ventral tegmental area (VTA) or substantia nigra (SN) neurons by means of bilateral stereotaxic microinjections of kainic acid (KA) (0.4 mM) were investigated to clarify the role of the VTA and the SN neurons in learning and memory processes. The present study demonstrates that KA in the SN and the VTA lesioned rats significantly decreased spontaneous alternation in Y-maze task, working memory and reference memory in radial 8 arm-maze task, suggesting effects on spatial memory performance. Our findings provide further support for the role of the VTA and the SN neurons in processing and storage of information.

scholarly journals Moringa oleiferaMitigates Memory Impairment and Neurodegeneration in Animal Model of Age-Related Dementia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchada Sutalangka ◽  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Supaporn Muchimapura ◽  
Wipawee Thukham-mee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Neuron Density ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

To date, the preventive strategy against dementia is still essential due to the rapid growth of its prevalence and the limited therapeutic efficacy. Based on the crucial role of oxidative stress in age-related dementia and the antioxidant and nootropic activities ofMoringa oleifera, the enhancement of spatial memory and neuroprotection ofM. oleiferaleaves extract in animal model of age-related dementia was determined. The possible underlying mechanism was also investigated. Male Wistar rats, weighing 180–220 g, were orally givenM. oleiferaleaves extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg at a period of 7 days before and 7 days after the intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A bilaterally. Then, they were assessed memory, neuron density, MDA level, and the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and AChE in hippocampus. The results showed that the extract improved spatial memory and neurodegeneration in CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus of hippocampus together with the decreased MDA level and AChE activity but increased SOD and CAT activities. Therefore, our data suggest thatM. oleiferaleaves extract is the potential cognitive enhancer and neuroprotectant. The possible mechanism might occur partly via the decreased oxidative stress and the enhanced cholinergic function. However, further explorations concerning active ingredient(s) are still required.

260 oral UNDERSTANDING XEROSTOMIA: THE ROLE OF MRI TO VISUALIZE EARLY RADIATION-INDUCED CHANGES IN SALIVARY GLANDS

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. S103
Author(s):  
A. Houweling ◽  
T. Schakel ◽  
M. Philippens ◽  
J.M. Roesink ◽  
C. Terhaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Early Radiation ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Inhibition of Hippocampal Aromatization Impairs Spatial Memory Performance in a Male Songbird

Endocrinology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (12) ◽  
pp. 4707-4714 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bailey ◽  
Chunqi Ma ◽  
Kiran K. Soma ◽  
Colin J. Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Zebra Finch ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
Local Inhibition ◽  
Estradiol Synthesis ◽  
Adjacent Brain

Recent studies have revealed the presence and regulation of aromatase at the vertebrate synapse, and identified a critical role played by presynaptic estradiol synthesis in the electrophysiological response to auditory and other social cues. However, if and how synaptic aromatization affects behavior remains to be directly tested. We have exploited 3 characteristics of the zebra finch hippocampus (HP) to test the role of synaptocrine estradiol provision on spatial memory function. Although the zebra finch HP contains abundant aromatase transcripts and enzyme activity, immunocytochemical studies reveal widespread pre- and postsynaptic, but sparse to undetectable somal, localization of this enzyme. Further, the superficial location of the avian HP makes possible the more exclusive manipulation of its neurochemical characteristics without perturbation of the neuropil and the resultant induction of astroglial aromatase. Last, as in other vertebrates, the HP is critical for spatial memory performance in this species. Here we report that local inhibition of hippocampal aromatization impairs spatial memory performance in an ecologically valid food-finding task. Local aromatase inhibition also resulted in lower levels of estradiol in the HP, but not in adjacent brain areas, and was achieved without the induction of astroglial aromatase. The observed decrement in acquisition and subsequent memory performance as a consequence of lowered aromatization was similar to that achieved by lesioning this locus. Thus, hippocampal aromatization, much of which is achieved at the synapse in this species, is critical for spatial memory performance.

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