scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Genes Involved in Double Fertilization in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12850
Author(s):  
Li You ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Ronghong Liang ◽  
Ruhao Sun ◽  
Fan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Zygote Formation ◽  
Double Fertilization ◽  
Guided Growth ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Solid Foundation

Double fertilization is a key determinant of grain yield, and the failure of fertilization during hybridization is one important reason for reproductive isolation. Therefore, fertilization has a very important role in the production of high-yield and well-quality hybrid of rice. Here, we used RNA sequencing technology to study the change of the transcriptome during double fertilization with the help of the mutant fertilization barrier (feb) that failed to finish fertilization process and led to seed abortion. The results showed that 1669 genes were related to the guided growth of pollen tubes, 332 genes were involved in the recognition and fusion of the male–female gametes, and 430 genes were associated with zygote formation and early free endosperm nuclear division. Among them, the genes related to carbohydrate metabolism; signal transduction pathways were enriched in the guided growth of pollen tubes, the genes involved in the photosynthesis; fatty acid synthesis pathways were activated by the recognition and fusion of the male–female gametes; and the cell cycle-related genes might play an essential role in zygote formation and early endosperm nuclear division. Furthermore, among the 1669 pollen tube-related genes, it was found that 7 arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), 1 cysteine-rich peptide (CRP), and 15 receptor-like kinases (RLKs) were specifically expressed in anther, while 2 AGPs, 7 CRPs, and 5 RLKs in pistil, showing obvious unequal distribution which implied they might play different roles in anther and pistil during fertilization. These studies laid a solid foundation for revealing double fertilization mechanism of rice and for the follow-up investigation.

Long-term follow-up survey reveals a high yield, up to 30% of patients presenting newly detected aneurysms more than 10 years after ruptured intracranial aneurysms clipping

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaël Bruneau ◽  
Michal Rynkowski ◽  
Karina Smida-Rynkowska ◽  
Jacques Brotchi ◽  
Olivier De Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

scholarly journals 2019 IFFAS Award for Excellence Winner: Peri-Prosthetic Cysts and Alignment in Total Ankle Replacement: A 3-D, Weight Bearing Topographical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0004
Author(s):  
Francois Lintz ◽  
Jef Mast ◽  
Nazim Mehdi ◽  
Alessio Bernasconi ◽  
Cesar de Cesar Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Total Ankle Replacement ◽  
Coronal Plane ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Hindfoot Alignment ◽  
Cyst Volume ◽  
Ankle Replacement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Peri-prosthetic cysts (PPC) in Total Ankle Replacement (TAR) are a common failure cause but the mechanisms of their development remains unclear. One possible explanation could be hindfoot malalignment and subsequent unequal distribution of load inside the joint. However, how residual malalignment influences the evolution of PPC remains unclear. Computed tomography (CT) has demonstrated superiority on conventional radiography in the follow up of PPC. Weight Bearing CT (WBCT), by combining 3D imaging and weight bearing measurements seems a valid tool to investigate this further. The objective for this work was to study the effects of residual hindfoot deformity on the distribution of PPC in the coronal plane. We hypothesized that cysts would be found predominantly medially in varus configuration, and laterally in valgus configuration. Methods: Retrospective comparative study, ethics committee approved. Forty-eight cases of TAR were included, with relevant demographics. Inclusion criteria were cases of primary TAR with available WBCT imaging of their ankle as part of normal follow up. Exclusion criteria were subsequent implant revision or cyst grafting. In each case, the localization and size of PPC’s were documented and their volume calculated by approximation of the closest ellipsoid. Hindfoot alignment was evaluated by the percentage Foot Ankle Offset (FAO) (foot-length normalized 3D ratio between the midline of the foot and the center of the ankle) using a WBCT dedicated semi-automatic software. The mean FAO value with 95%CI for the population was calculated. The difference in medial and lateral cyst volume defined by their position relative to the median axis in the coronal plane was compared in varus and valgus cases by a Mann-Whitney non-parametric test for unpaired samples. Results: Demographic distributions of the series were 32% female, mean age 65 (45-85) years. Mean FAO value was 0.12% (95%CI -1.09 to 1.33). Mean follow up was 43 months (6 to 239). The mean total cyst volume per case was 1190,7 mm3. In varus cases (defined by FAO<-1.09%), the volume of medial cysts was greater than laterally by a mean 197 mm3, whereas in valgus cases (defined by FAO>1.33%), the volume of lateral cysts was greater than medially by a mean 332 mm3. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was a weak, significant positive correlation (r=0.25, p<0,001) between FAO and total cyst volume and a moderate, significant correlation (r=0,56, p<0,001) between time to follow up and total cyst volume. Conclusion: Our hypothesis was confirmed. Periprosthetic cysts volume in this series of primary TAR was found to be relatively greater medially in postoperative varus configurations and vice-versa laterally in valgus. This confirms a possible correlation between the direction of residual hindfoot malalignment and the coronal localization of PPC in TAR, although this is certainly not the only pathophysiologic factor involved in PPC onset. Weightbearing CT may be helpful in Total Ankle Replacement follow up, in order to early detect PPC development and possibly to identify situations at risk of a more rapid evolution.

scholarly journals Active Apex Correction With Guided Growth Technique for Controlling Spinal Deformity in Growing Children: A Modified SHILLA Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakash Agarwal ◽  
Loai Aker ◽  
Alaaeldin Azmi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Convex Side ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Guided Growth ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Loss Of Correction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relative Change

Study Design: A retrospective study. Objective: To determine if active remodulation in the apex of the curve is possible in scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis patients, using a modified SHILLA; active apex correction (APC) technique for guided growth. Method: Twenty patients with either scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis underwent a modified SHILLA approach, where instead of apical fusion, APC was applied. In this modified technique, the most wedged vertebra was selected followed by insertion of pedicle screws in the convex side of the vertebrae above and below the wedged one. The convex and concave heights of the wedged and control vertebrae were recorded at the time of the surgery and at follow-up duration, both using computed tomography. Results: The wedged vertebra demonstrated in average a 17% ( P = .00014) increase in the proportion of concave to convex heights ratio, whereas the control vertebra did not show any relative change in the wedged vertebra heights at the follow-ups. Conclusion: APC, instead of apical fusion in SHILLA remodulates the apex vertebra, which may in turn help mitigate loss of correction on long term due to crankshafting and adding-on.

Radiofrequency Ablation and Radiation Therapy Improve Local Control in Spinal Metastases Compared to Radiofrequency Ablation Alone

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha M. Prezzano ◽  
Dheerendra Prasad ◽  
Gregory M. Hermann ◽  
Ahmed N. Belal ◽  
Ronald A. Alberico
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Local Control ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Spinal Metastases ◽  
Significant Benefit ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: The spinal column is the most common location for osseous metastases and is associated with pain and decreased quality of life. This study evaluated combined radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with radiation therapy (RT) compared to RFA alone for improving pain and local control. Methods: This was a single-institution retrospective review of patients who underwent RFA of spinal metastases between 2016 and 2017, with or without RT to the same vertebral level. Pain was measured with visual analog scale at initial presentation and at 3 and 12 weeks of follow-up. Local failure (LF), distant failure, and overall survival (OS) were compared and Kaplan-Meier statistics were calculated. Results: Twenty-six patients with 28 spinal metastases were treated with RFA. Ten patients with 11 metastases were treated with RFA + RT. More patients with lung primaries were treated with RFA alone and more patients with breast primaries were treated with combination RFA+RT. There was no significant difference in pain scores between groups ( P = .96). At a median follow-up of 8.2 months, LF was noted in 8 of 17 metastases treated with RFA alone compared to 1 of 11 metastases treated with RFA+RT ( P = .049). There was a significant benefit in time to LF favoring RFA+RT ( P = .02) and a significant benefit in OS ( P = .0045). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a benefit in local control with RFA+RT versus RFA alone. Palliation of pain was effective using both regimens. This study was limited by a nearly unequal distribution of primary tumor histologies between groups. Literature regarding combined treatment of RFA and RT for spinal metastases is scarce and prospective protocols are warranted.

Ribonucleic acid synthesis inPlasmodium knowlesimaintained bothin vivoandin vitro

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Trigg ◽  
P. G. Shakespeare ◽  
Susan J. Burt ◽  
Sally I. Kyd
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Trophozoite Stage ◽  
Late Trophozoite

RNA extracted from purified parasites ofPlasmodium knowlesiwas fractionated using agarose gel electrophoresis. Preparations from parasites grown bothin vivoandin vitrocontained species of RNA with sedimentation coefficients of 4·0S, 5·0S, 16·6S, 24·2S, 31·4S, 38·0S and 48·3S. There was less RNA present in parasites grownin vitrothan the equivalent stage parasites grownin vivobut the proportional amounts of the various species of RNA was similar in both cases. It is suggested that the 24·2S and 16·6S species of RNA are ribosomal and that the high molecular weight 31·4S, 38·0S and 48·0S species are ribosomal precursors. Ribosomal RNA synthesis occurs throughout the cell cycle during growth from the ring to the schizont stage; maximum incorporation of [H3]-adenosine occurs at the late trophozoite stage before nuclear division.

Modeling and Simulation of the Humanoid Massage Robot Arm Based on SolidWorks and ADMAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 101-102 ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Li Wang ◽  
Zai Xiang Pang ◽  
Bang Cheng Zhang ◽  
Zheng Tang Chen ◽  
Yan Qing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Solid Foundation

The arm is a key component of the humanoid massage robot system. On the basis of in-depth study on massage working mechanism of robot arm, a three dimensional parametric model is structured using SolidWorks. Through data conversion technology, the model is imported into ADAMS, and follow-up constraints and loads are added, with which the kinematics analysis on shoulder, upper arm and wrist joint are completed. It lays a solid foundation for the in-depth study on robot arm of massage working mechanism and the practical application. It can realize the prediction of the massage arm performance on the design phase, simplify the design process and shorten the cycle of the design as well as improve the design quality.

INTRACRANIAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY WITH SUBDURAL GRID ELECTRODES

Neurosurgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie J. Van Gompel ◽  
Gregory A. Worrell ◽  
Michael L. Bell ◽  
Todd A. Patrick ◽  
Gregory D. Cascino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Partial Epilepsy ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Grid Monitoring ◽  
Permanent Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intracranial Electroencephalography ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Intracranial subdural grid monitoring is a useful diagnostic technique for surgical localization in patients with intractable partial epilepsy. The rationale for the present study was to assess the morbidity of intracranial recordings and the surgical outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data for 189 unique patients undergoing 198 intracranial subdural grid monitoring sessions between 1996 and 2004 at a tertiary epilepsy center. RESULTS The mean age of patients undergoing monitoring was 28 ± 14 years. An average of 63 ± 23 electrodes were inserted. The mean duration of monitoring was 8 ± 4 days. Localization of an epileptogenic zone occurred in 156 sessions (79%) resulting in 136 resections (69%). There were 13 major complications (6.6%), including five infections and six hematomas. Three patients (1.5%) developed permanent deficits related to implantation. Sixty-two (47%) of 136 patients undergoing resection were seizure-free after resection. An additional 38 patients (28%) had a significant reduction in seizures. The mean follow-up was 51 ± 30 months. The duration of monitoring, bone flap replacement, number of electrodes, and perioperative corticosteroids were not associated with infection or complication. CONCLUSION Subdural grid monitoring for identification an epileptogenic focus is high yield, revealing a focus in 79% of monitoring sessions. Complications rarely result in permanent morbidity (1.5%). Surgical outcome indicated that 74% of patients experienced a favorable reduction in seizure tendency.

scholarly journals Signaling at Physical Barriers during Pollen–Pistil Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12230
Author(s):  
Kayleigh J. Robichaux ◽  
Ian S. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Double Fertilization ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Transmitting Tract ◽  
Guidance Cues ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Stigmatic Papillae

In angiosperms, double fertilization requires pollen tubes to transport non-motile sperm to distant egg cells housed in a specialized female structure known as the pistil, mediating the ultimate fusion between male and female gametes. During this journey, the pollen tube encounters numerous physical barriers that must be mechanically circumvented, including the penetration of the stigmatic papillae, style, transmitting tract, and synergid cells as well as the ultimate fusion of sperm cells to the egg or central cell. Additionally, the pollen tube must maintain structural integrity in these compact environments, while responding to positional guidance cues that lead the pollen tube to its destination. Here, we discuss the nature of these physical barriers as well as efforts to genetically and cellularly identify the factors that allow pollen tubes to successfully, specifically, and quickly circumnavigate them.

scholarly journals Research on the Cultivation of College Students’ Positive Psychological Quality——Research on the Adaptation Strategies of Freshmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Rui Xu ◽  
LiJun Zhao ◽  
JinYang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
University Life ◽  
New Students ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Development Of Students

Colleges and universities welcome new students every September. After the intense study in high school, the new university life will make the new students feel excited and embarrassed. They are about to face and meet new life, new ways of learning, new classmates and teachers, and so on. Since the new things and environment are very different from those for the new students before they entered the school, we need to pay attention to their psychological changes and promptly channel their psychological problems, otherwise it will cause a lot of psychological discomfort, and maybe it will have some negative impact on the development of various aspects of the follow-up of the new students. It can be seen that it is especially important to grasp the psychological characteristics of students who have just entered the school and to help them develop positive psychological quality, because it not only lays a solid foundation for the mental health education work of colleges and universities, but also promotes the all-round development of students.

Single Pass Whole-Body versus Organ-Selective Computed Tomography for Trauma: Timely diagnosis versus radiation exposure? – An observational Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ordoñez ◽  
Ana Milena Del Valle ◽  
Michael Parra ◽  
Monica Guzman-Rodriguez ◽  
Juan P. Herrera-Escobar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Abstract Background Single Pass Whole-Body Computed Tomography (WBCT) has been used as a high yield diagnostic tool in trauma. However, increased exposure to radiation and delay in treatment, have been cited as challenges to its widespread use. We hypothesized that WBCT has at least the same radiation exposure compared to Organ-Selective CT and it does not inflict further delays in treatment. Methods We retrospectively review all trauma patients in whom CT-scans were performed on arrival at a Level I Trauma Center from January, 2016 to December, 2017. Results 123 patients were included: 53 in the OSCT group and 70 in the WBCT group. In the OSCT group, 64.1% of the patients had penetrating trauma and chest injuries were the most common injured body cavity (79.3%). In the WBCT group, 65.7% had blunt trauma and head injuries were the most common (71.9%) injured organ. The OSCT group required subsequent trips to the scanner suite for follow-up studies to rule out other potential injuries which in turn did not occur in the WBCT group (47.2% vs 0%, p< 0.001). The total radiation exposure dose was higher in the OSCT group compared to the WBCT group [22 mSv (IQR 6-31) vs 15.1 mSv (IQR 9.9-24.8) p<0.001]. Conclusion OSCT has the potential of missing potentially life threatening injuries that require subsequent follow-up scans. This, in turn, would increase the patient’s overall radiation exposure and potentially delay definitive surgical treatment. Trauma patients undergoing WBCT had lower total radiation exposure with no delay in treatment.

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