scholarly journals Effect of the Nanoparticle Exposures on the Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease Control by Modulating the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Hubiao Jiang ◽  
Luqiong Lv ◽  
Temoor Ahmed ◽  
Shaomin Jin ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Community ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Ralstonia Solanacearum is one of the most infectious soil-borne bacterial plant pathogens, causing tomato bacterial wilt (TBW). Nanotechnology is an emerging area of research, particularly the application of nanoparticles (NPs) as nanopesticides to manage plant disease is gaining attention nowadays. However, the interaction between NPs and rhizosphere bacterial communities remains largely elusive. This study indicated that metal NPs (CuO, ZnO, and FeO) reduced the incidence of bacterial wilt to varying degrees and affected the composition and structure of the rhizosphere bacterial community. The results revealed that the application of metal oxide NPs can improve the morphological and physiological parameters of TBW infected tomato plants. Among all, CuONPs amendments significantly increase the Chao1 and Shannon index. In the early stage (the second week), it significantly reduces the relative abundance of pathogens. However, the relative abundance of beneficial Streptomyces bacteria increased significantly, negatively correlated with the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the nano-treatment group will enrich some potential beneficial bacteria such as species from Sphingomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, etc. In general, our research provides evidence and strategies for preventing and controlling soil-borne disease tomato bacterial wilt with metal oxide NPs.

scholarly journals The impact of Paenibacillus polymyxa HY96-2 luxS on biofilm formation and control of tomato bacterial wilt

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 9643-9657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jincui Yi ◽  
Daojing Zhang ◽  
Yuejuan Cheng ◽  
Jingjing Tan ◽  
Yuanchan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Deletion Strain ◽  
Biocontrol Efficacy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Abstract The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of luxS, a key regulatory gene of the autoinducer-2 (AI-2) quorum sensing (QS) system, on the biofilm formation and biocontrol efficacy against Ralstonia solanacearum by Paenibacillus polymyxa HY96-2. luxS mutants were constructed and assayed for biofilm formation of the wild-type (WT) strain and luxS mutants of P. polymyxa HY96-2 in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that luxS positively regulated the biofilm formation of HY96-2. Greenhouse experiments of tomato bacterial wilt found that from the early stage to late stage postinoculation, the biocontrol efficacy of the luxS deletion strain was the lowest with 50.70 ± 1.39% in the late stage. However, the luxS overexpression strain had the highest biocontrol efficacy with 75.66 ± 1.94% in the late stage. The complementation of luxS could restore the biocontrol efficacy of the luxS deletion strain with 69.84 ± 1.09% in the late stage, which was higher than that of the WT strain with 65.94 ± 2.73%. Therefore, we deduced that luxS could promote the biofilm formation of P. polymyxa HY96-2 and further promoted its biocontrol efficacy against R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals Effect of Gallotannins Derived from Sedum takesimense on Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1593-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Thu Vu ◽  
Jin-Cheol Kim ◽  
Yong Ho Choi ◽  
Gyung Ja Choi ◽  
Kyoung Soo Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

In the process of searching antibacterial agents from plants, we discovered that the methanol extract of Sedum takesimense showed potent antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and in vivo. Eight antibacterial gallotannins were isolated from the aerial parts of S. takesimense and identified as gallic acid, methyl gallate, 4,6-di-O-galloylarbutin, 2,6-di-O-galloylarbutin, 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-glucose, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose, 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These gallotannins displayed broad-spectrum activity against various plant-pathogenic bacteria, and the strongest in vitro antibacterial activities of these gallotannins were against R. solanacearum minimum inhibitory concentration = 0.02 to 0.10 g/liter). Among these gallotannins, methyl gallate and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose showed the strongest activities. In addition, synergistic or partial synergistic effects were observed in most combinations between major antibacterial compounds. The wettable powder formulation of the S. takesimense crude extract effectively reduced the development of tomato bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum under greenhouse conditions for 14 days after infection. This is the first report on the isolation of antibacterial compounds from S. takesimense. These results suggest that the extract from S. takesimense or the isolated gallotannins could be used as natural bactericides for the control of tomato bacterial wilt.

scholarly journals Effects of Jasmonic Acid, Ethylene, and Salicylic Acid Signaling on the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community of Arabidopsis thaliana

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogier F. Doornbos ◽  
Bart P. J. Geraats ◽  
Eiko E. Kuramae ◽  
L. C. Van Loon ◽  
Peter A. H. M. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Defense Signaling ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Community

Systemically induced resistance is a promising strategy to control plant diseases, as it affects numerous pathogens. However, since induced resistance reduces one or both growth and activity of plant pathogens, the indigenous microflora may also be affected by an enhanced defensive state of the plant. The aim of this study was to elucidate how much the bacterial rhizosphere microflora of Arabidopsis is affected by induced systemic resistance (ISR) or systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Therefore, the bacterial microflora of wild-type plants and plants affected in their defense signaling was compared. Additionally, ISR was induced by application of methyl jasmonate and SAR by treatment with salicylic acid or benzothiadiazole. As a comparative model, we also used wild type and ethylene-insensitive tobacco. Some of the Arabidopsis genotypes affected in defense signaling showed altered numbers of culturable bacteria in their rhizospheres; however, effects were dependent on soil type. Effects of plant genotype on rhizosphere bacterial community structure could not be related to plant defense because chemical activation of ISR or SAR had no significant effects on density and structure of the rhizosphere bacterial community. These findings support the notion that control of plant diseases by elicitation of systemic resistance will not significantly affect the resident soil bacterial microflora.

scholarly journals Control of tomato bacterial wilt through the incorporation of aerial part of pigeon pea and crotalaria to soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suane C. Cardoso ◽  
Ana Cristina F. Soares ◽  
Alexsandro dos S. Brito ◽  
Francisco F. Laranjeira ◽  
Carlos Alberto S. Ledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Fresh Organic Matter ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

The use of organic matter that improves the physical, chemical and biological soil properties has been studied as an inducer of suppressiveness to soilborne plant pathogens. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different sources and concentrations of organic matter on tomato bacterial wilt control. Two commercially available organic composts and freshly cut aerial parts of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea) were incorporated, in concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 % (v/v), into soil infested with Ralstonia solanacearum. The soil with the fresh organic matter of pigeon pea and crotalaria was incubated for 30 and 60 days before planting. Tomato seedlings of cv. Santa Clara were transplanted into polyethylene bags with 3 kg of the planting substrate (infested soil + organic matter). The wilting symptoms and percentage of flowering plants were evaluated for 45 days. All evaluated concentrations with incorporation and incubation for 30 days of aerial parts of pigeon pea and crotalaria controlled 100% tomato bacterial wilt. With 60 days of incubation, only the 10 % concentration of pigeon pea and crotalaria did not control the disease. These results suggest that soil incorporation of fresh aerial parts of pigeon pea and crotalaria is an effective method for bacterial wilt control.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt by the new strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichun Chen ◽  
Jieping Wang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Yujing Zhu ◽  
Rongfeng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Abstract Background: There is an urgent need to discover biological biocontrol agents to control bacterial wilt. This study reports on a new lipopeptide-producing biocontrol strain FJAT-46737 and explores its lipopeptidic compounds, and this study investigates the antagonistic effects of these compounds.Results: Based on a whole genome sequence analysis, the new strain FJAT-46737 was identified as Bacillus velezensis, and seven gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites in FJAT-46737 were predicted. The antimicrobial results demonstrated that FJAT-46737 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities in vitro against three bacteria and three fungi. Pot experiments showed that the control efficiencies for tomato bacterial wilt of the whole cultures, the 2-fold diluted supernatants and the crude lipopeptide of FJAT-46737 were 66.2%, 82.0%, and 96.2%, respectively. The above results suggested that one of the antagonistic mechanisms of FJAT-46737 was the secretion of lipopeptides consisting of iturins, fengycins and surfactins. The crude lipopeptides had significant antagonistic activities against several pathogens (including Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli and Fusarium oxysporum) and fengycins were the major antibacterial components of the lipopeptides against R. solanacearum in vitro. Furthermore, the rich organic nitrogen sources (especially yeast extracts) in the media promoted the production of fengycin and surfactin by FJAT-46737. The secretion of these two lipopeptides was related to temperature fluctuations, with the fengycin content decreasing by 96.6% and the surfactins content increasing by 59.9% from 20 oC to 40 oC. The optimal temperature for lipopeptide production by FJAT-46737 varied between 20 oC and 25oC. Conclusions: The B. velezensis strain FJAT-46737 and its secreted lipopeptides could be used as new sources of potential biocontrol agents against several plant pathogens, and especially the bacterial wilt pathogen R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals Isolation of Methyl Gallate from Toxicodendron sylvestre and Its Effect on Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Qing Yuan ◽  
Qi-Qin Li ◽  
Jian Qin ◽  
Yun-Feng Ye ◽  
Wei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

We determined that the methanol extract of Toxicodendron sylvestre could significantly inhibit Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and in planta. One compound responsible for the antibacterial activity was isolated from the ethyl ether extract and identified as methyl gallate (MG) based on its 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance data as well as mass spectroscopy. MG displayed broad-spectrum activity against plant-pathogenic bacteria, and strong inhibitory effects on the growth of plant-pathogenic oomycetes. The half inhibition concentration of MG on R. solanacearum was 8.3 mg/liter, which was tested by the agar dilution method. Disease control trials in planta showed that both natural and synthetic MG could effectively reduce the incidence of tomato bacterial wilt, and there was no significant difference between them in control efficacy. This is the first report on the use of MG for the control of a plant bacterial disease. Because of its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and significant control efficacy on tomato bacterial wilt in planta, MG shows potential to be used as a bactericide to control plant bacterial wilt.

scholarly journals Expression of a Class 1 Hemoglobin Gene and Production of Nitric Oxide in Response to Symbiotic and Pathogenic Bacteria in Lotus japonicus

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Nagata ◽  
Ei-ichi Murakami ◽  
Yoshikazu Shimoda ◽  
Fuyuko Shimoda-Sasakura ◽  
Ken-ichi Kucho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
No Production ◽  
Mesorhizobium Loti ◽  
Class 1

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by the collaboration between leguminous plants and rhizobia is an important system in the global nitrogen cycle, and some molecular aspects during the early stage of host-symbiont recognition have been revealed. To understand the responses of a host plant against various bacteria, we examined expression of hemoglobin (Hb) genes and production of nitric oxide (NO) in Lotus japonicus after inoculation with rhizobia or plant pathogens. When the symbiotic rhizobium Mesorhizobium loti was inoculated, expression of LjHb1 and NO production were induced transiently in the roots at 4 h after inoculation. In contrast, inoculation with the nonsymbiotic rhizobia Sinorhizobium meliloti and Bradyrhizobium japonicum induced neither expression of LjHb1 nor NO production. When L. japonicus was inoculated with plant pathogens (Ralstonia solanacearum or Pseudomonas syringae), continuous NO production was observed in roots but induction of LjHb1 did not occur. These results suggest that modulation of NO levels and expression of class 1 Hb are involved in the establishment of the symbiosis.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt by a new strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichun Chen ◽  
Jieping Wang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Yujing Zhu ◽  
Rongfeng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Abstract Background There is an urgent need to discover alternative antimicrobial agents to control bacterial wilt. The objectives of this study were to report a new lipopeptide-producding biocontrol strain FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides, and to investigate their antagonistic effects.Results Based on the whole genome sequence analysis, the new strain FJAT-46737 was finally identified as Bacillus velezensis and seven gene clusters that responsible for synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolite in the FJAT-46737 were predicted. Antimicrobial results demonstrated that FJAT-46737 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities in vitro against bacteria and fungi. The pot experiments showed that the tomato bacterial wilt control efficiencies of the whole cultures, the 2-fold diluted supernatants and the crude lipopeptide of FJAT-46737 were 66.2%, 82.0%, and 96.2%, respectively. The above results suggested that one of the antagonistic mechanisms of FJAT-46737 was secretion of lipopeptides that consisted of iturins, fengycins and surfactins. The crude lipopeptides had significant antagonistic activities on several pathogen in a dosage-dependent manner, and the fengycins confirmed to play a major role in antibacterial abilities in vitro of the lipopeptides against Ralstonia solanacearum . Furthermore, it was found that the rich organic nitrogen sources (expecially yeast extracts) in the media were benificial for FJAT-46737 to produce fengycin and surfactin. The secretion of these two lipopeptides were also adjusted by the culture temperature: the content of the fengycins decreased by 96.6% and that of the surfactins ascended by 59.9% from 20 o C to 40 o C. And 20 o C~25 o C is the suitable temperature for FJAT-46737 to produce lipopeptide.Conclusions The B. velezensis strain FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides would used as new sources of potential biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, especially the bacterial wilt pathogen R. solanacearum .

scholarly journals Biocontrol of tomato bacterial wilt by the new strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-46737 and its lipopeptides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichun Chen ◽  
Jieping Wang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Yujing Zhu ◽  
Rongfeng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Abstract Background: There is an urgent need to discover alternative Bacillus biocontrol agents to control bacterial wilt. This study reports on a new lipopeptide-producing biocontrol strain FJAT-46737 and explores its lipopeptidic compounds, and this study investigates the antagonistic effects of these compounds.Results: Based on a whole genome sequence analysis, the new strain FJAT-46737 was identified as Bacillus velezensis, and seven gene clusters responsible for the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites in FJAT-46737 were predicted. The antimicrobial results demonstrated that FJAT-46737 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities in vitro against three bacteria and three fungi. Pot experiments showed that the control efficiencies for tomato bacterial wilt of the whole cultures, the 2-fold diluted supernatants and the crude lipopeptide of FJAT-46737 were 66.2%, 82.0%, and 96.2%, respectively. The above results suggested that one of the antagonistic mechanisms of FJAT-46737 was the secretion of lipopeptides consisting of iturins, fengycins and surfactins. The crude lipopeptides had significant antagonistic activities against several pathogens (including Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli and Fusarium oxysporum) and fengycins were the major antibacterial components of the lipopeptides against R. solanacearum in vitro. Furthermore, the rich organic nitrogen sources (especially yeast extracts) in the media promoted the production of fengycin and surfactin by FJAT-46737. The secretion of these two lipopeptides was related to temperature fluctuations, with the fengycin content decreasing by 96.6% and the surfactins content increasing by 59.9% from 20 oC to 40 oC. The optimal temperature for lipopeptide production by FJAT-46737 varied between 20 oC and 25oC. Conclusions: The B. velezensis strain FJAT-46737 and its secreted lipopeptides could be used as new sources of potential biocontrol agents against several plant pathogens, and especially the bacterial wilt pathogen R. solanacearum.

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