scholarly journals Diversity of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Caatinga Biome, Brazil, from the Widespread to the Endemic

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
David Campos Andrade ◽  
Sirlei Antunes Morais ◽  
Letícia Silva Marteis ◽  
Renata Antonaci Gama ◽  
Renato Cesar de Melo Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Diversity Pattern ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Medical Interest ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Ecological Pattern

Mosquito fauna in the northeast semiarid region of Brazil, Caatinga biome, are poorly known. Studies on the diversity are scarce and the few surveys available focus on local fauna. In order to understand the ecological pattern of mosquito’s distribution, information available from studies from 2008 to 2015 were gathered. A partitioning framework of the beta diversity, the turnover (βJTU) and nestedness (βJNE) components were used to determine dissimilarity among communities. Eighty-two morphospecies were recorded and 47 of the species were not shared between the areas. The most representative genera were Aedes, Anopheles, Psorophora, Haemagogus, Coquillettidia, and Mansonia, which all include species of medical interest. The communities had high rates of variation, and the mechanism of turnover accounted for the observed diversity pattern. Despite differences in collection methods, the observed dissimilarity may be related to the broad environmental heterogeneity of the biome, the intrinsic relationships of the species with their habitats, and the environmental degradation caused by different types of anthropogenic interference. Considering the mosquito species richness and endemicity, the hypothesis that the Caatinga harbor poor biodiversity is rejected. The spatial variation observed is of particular importance and should be taken into account for the knowledge of Caatinga biodiversity.

scholarly journals Plant breeding in the semiarid region of Brazil: examples of success

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (spe) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz ◽  
Levi de Moura Barros ◽  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Jonas de Araújo Candeia ◽  
Edinardo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The Northeastern region of Brazil comprises the Caatinga biome (900,000 km²) part of which is a semiarid region with rainfed and irrigated production systems. Among the successful breeding programs are cashew and cotton. The first led to a substantial increase in nut production in Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Piauí and the second bred a naturally colored cotton fiber, now processed in small clothing industries in Paraiba, exporting to 11 countries. In the lower-middle São Francisco valley, the previously grown onion was replaced by improved varieties, on 90% of the production area, and by industrial tomato, introduced by research in 1972, which came to be used on more than 80% of the area at the time. The participation of the private sector and continuity of breeding programs were crucial for the success. More examples of success are expected with the establishment of postgraduate courses in Agricultural Sciences in the Semiarid region.

scholarly journals Assessment of Mosquito Collection Methods for Dengue Surveillance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triwibowo Ambar Garjito ◽  
Lulus Susanti ◽  
Mujiyono Mujiyono ◽  
Mega Tyas Prihatin ◽  
Dwi Susilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Mosquito Collection ◽  
Human Landing ◽  
Collection Methods

Abstract BackgroundSeveral methods exist to collect and assess the abundance of dengue vector mosquitoes, i.e. morning adult collection using an aspirator, pupal collection, various ovitraps, whole night collection using human landing methods, and larval collection. This diversity of methods might be a source of variability and lack of statistical significance when trying to correlate mosquito density and risk of dengue outbreak. There is also a lack of published data regarding the effectiveness of these methods MethodsA mosquito survey was conducted in 39 locations corresponding to 15 dengue endemic provinces in Indonesia. The larval surveys were performed by collecting at least a single Aedes larva from each container, and then reared up until hatching. Three adult mosquito sampling methods were also used, including morning resting collection, human landing collection, animal baited trap. All field samples were tested for dengue. Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the collection methods against mosquito species and dengue incidence.ResultsA total of 44,675 mosquitoes were collected. The single larva method was the most efficient method. Out of a total of 89 dengue-positive pools, the most frequently encountered virus was DENV2, which made up half of the positive samples, followed by DENV3 and DENV1, respectively. FAMD showed that no correlation could be found between any methods and the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. Moreover, no correlation could be found between either any methods or the incidence.ConclusionsThere was no concistency in the efficacy of a given method and the incidence of dengue in the human population. There was no correlation between any of the parameters considered, i.e. method, incidence of dengue, location and presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. This indicates that entomological factors are not reliable indicators.

Occurrence and relative abundance of mosquitoes in stormwater retention facilities in North Carolina, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.F. Hunt ◽  
C.S. Apperson ◽  
S.G. Kennedy ◽  
B.A. Harrison ◽  
W.G. Lord
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Retention Structures ◽  
Stormwater Retention

Throughout the 2004 mosquito season, 52 stormwater retention facilities were sampled to characterize the seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of mosquito species in relation to the structural complexity and biological diversity of the facilities. The three different types of facilities included standard wet ponds (n=20), innovative ponds (n=14), and wetland ponds (n=18). All retention structures were sampled at the beginning, middle and end of the mosquito season so that seasonal changes in mosquito production could be characterized. Overall samplings, mosquitoes were collected from 34% of the retention structures. Fourteen species representing 7 genera were collected, but only 5 species (Culex erraticus, Cx. territans, Anophelesquadrimaculatus, An. punctipennis and Uranotaenia sapphirina) were commonly collected in all three types of stormwater management facilities. In general, the seasonal prevalence and relative abundance of mosquito species did not vary among three types of retention structures. A significant association (P<0.01) between the presence of mosquito larvae or pupae and the absence of mosquitofish was found for innovative and wetland stormwater retention facilities but not for standard retention facilities (P>0.05).

scholarly journals Indicators to assess goat welfare on-farm in the semiarid region of Brazilian Northeast

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Oliveira Leite ◽  
Fabiana de Orte Stamm ◽  
Rita de Cassia Maria Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
On Farm

ABSTRACT: In 2015, AWIN Goat Protocol was published in Europe, with indicators that identify welfare level of lactating dairy goats; however, there are no welfare protocols for meat goat. Therefore, the objective of this study was to select animal and resource-based indicators to assess welfare in meat goat in different types of grazing systems in Brazilian semiarid Northeast. Eighteen indicators were selected to evaluate the welfare of meat goat. The knowledge of the welfare degree of these animals is the best way to make improvements and promote a better quality of life to meat goat.

scholarly journals The social wasp community (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) and new distribution record of Polybia ruficeps in an area of Caatinga Biome, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Carneiro Melo ◽  
Bruno Corrêa Barbosa ◽  
Mariana Monteiro de Castro ◽  
Gilberto Marcos de Mendonça Santos ◽  
Fábio Prezoto
Keyword(s):  
Social Wasp ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Social Wasps ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
The Social ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution Record

Social wasps are broadly distributed in Brazil, and their distribution is closely related to local plant composition. However, only a few studies on the diversity of these insects have been carried out in northeastern Brazil, and in Caatinga Biome the diversity is probably underestimated due to the lack of inventories for the region. Aiming at advancing the knowledge about the wasp fauna, we carried out this study from October 2005 to September 2006 in Ibipeba, northeastern Brazil. We collected 172 wasps of five genera and eight species, and recorded Polybia ruficeps Schrottky, 1902 for the first time in the state of Bahia. The most abundant species was Polybia ignobilis (Haliday, 1836) (n = 69), and the least abundant were Brachygastra lecheguana (Latreille, 1824) (n = 2) and Polistes canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (n = 2). The present study inventory focused exclusively on the diversity of social wasps in an area of Caatinga, which contributes to advance the local fauna knowledge.

scholarly journals A global assessment of surveillance methods for dominant malaria vectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bram van de Straat ◽  
Tanya L. Russell ◽  
Kyran M. Staunton ◽  
Marianne E. Sinka ◽  
Thomas R. Burkot
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Mosquito Collection ◽  
Collection Methods

AbstractThe epidemiology of human malaria differs considerably between and within geographic regions due, in part, to variability in mosquito species behaviours. Recently, the WHO emphasised stratifying interventions using local surveillance data to reduce malaria. The usefulness of vector surveillance is entirely dependent on the biases inherent in the sampling methods deployed to monitor mosquito populations. To understand and interpret mosquito surveillance data, the frequency of use of malaria vector collection methods was analysed from a georeferenced vector dataset (> 10,000 data records), extracted from 875 manuscripts across Africa, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region. Commonly deployed mosquito collection methods tend to target anticipated vector behaviours in a region to maximise sample size (and by default, ignoring other behaviours). Mosquito collection methods targeting both host-seeking and resting behaviours were seldomly deployed concurrently at the same site. A balanced sampling design using multiple methods would improve the understanding of the range of vector behaviours, leading to improved surveillance and more effective vector control.

Accuracy and Discomfort of Different Types of Intranasal Specimen Collection Methods for Molecular Influenza Testing in Emergency Department Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-517.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley W. Frazee ◽  
Amparo Rodríguez-Hoces de la Guardia ◽  
Harrison Alter ◽  
Carol G. Chen ◽  
Eugenia L. Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Emergency Department Patients ◽  
Collection Methods

scholarly journals Anopheles Mosquito Species in Betung Bedarah, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Maas M Maloha ◽  
Kanti Ratnaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Anopheles Mosquito ◽  
Breeding Ground ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Human Landing ◽  
Anopheles Barbirostris ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Anopheles Vagus

Background: Indonesia is a tropical country which is a good breeding ground for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are still one of arthropods that contribute to occurrence of infectious diseases, including malaria, which is a disease that is a health problem in Jambi Province.Objective: To determine types of Anopheles mosquito spesies in Betung Bedarah Tebo, Jambi.Methods: A discriptif study to identifed distribution of mosquitoes in Betung Bedarah, Tebo Regency used human landing collection and resting collection methods. Collection of mosquito samples used an aspirator and light trap. Analysis used tabulation.Results: Of the 64 mosquitoes collected, 25% were Anopheles mosquitoes which consisted of 43.7% Anopheles barbirostris, 25% Anopheles vagus, 18.7% Anopheles aconitus, and 12.6% Anopheles kochi.Conclusion: Most of mosquito species collected at Betung Berdarah Tebo were Anopheles barbirostris.

scholarly journals Arachnids from Araripe Plateau, Ceará, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Azevedo ◽  
Eridiane Da S. Moura ◽  
Adreany S. Lopes ◽  
Leonardo S. Carvalho ◽  
Sidclay C. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Species List ◽  
Orographic Rainfall ◽  
Caatinga Biome

The Araripe Plateau is situated in the states of Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, in the Caatinga biome, semiarid domain. This region of Brazil is characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall. Nevertheless, due to its high elevation and large amount of orographic rainfall, the Araripe Plateau is an exception as a seasonal semi-deciduous forest with high humidity in the semiarid domain and the Caatinga biome. Herein a species list of Araripe Plateau arachnids is presented from the compilation of data from in situ sampling from January to May 2013, from the literature, and from Brazilian arachnid collections data. A total of 68 species were recorded for the area, of which 53 were spiders, eight harvestmen and seven scorpions. The species richness recorded here is considered significant regarding the known diversity of Arachnida in the semiarid region and contributes to expanding our knowledge of the area.

scholarly journals Assessment of mosquito collection methods for dengue surveillance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triwibowo Ambar Garjito ◽  
Lulus Susanti ◽  
Mujiyono Mujiyono ◽  
Mega Tyas Prihatin ◽  
Dwi Susilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Human Landing ◽  
Dengue Control ◽  
Collection Methods

Abstract Background Several methods exist to collect and assess the abundance of dengue vector mosquitoes, i.e. morning adult collection using an aspirator, pupal collection, various ovitraps, whole night collection using human landing methods, and larval collection. Several of these methods are officially implemented to monitor mosquito density and make decisions on treatments for dengue control. This monitoring is also constrained by the need to conduct this assessment on a “one point/one day” process. This diversity of methods might be a source of variability and lack of statistical significance. There is also a lack of published data regarding the effectiveness of these methods Methods A mosquito survey was conducted in 39 locations corresponding to 15 dengue endemic provinces in Indonesia. The larval surveys were performed by collecting at least one single Aedes larva from each container, and then reared up until hatching. Three adult mosquito sampling methods were also used, including morning resting collection, human landing collection, animal baited trap. All field samples were tested for dengue. Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the collection methods against mosquito species and dengue incidence. Results A total of 44,675 mosquitoes were collected. The single larva method was the most efficient method. Out of a total of 89 dengue-positive pools, the most frequently encountered virus was DENV2, which made up half of the positive samples, followed by DENV3 and DENV1, respectively. FAMD showed that no correlation could be found between any methods and the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. Moreover, no correlation could be found between any methods and with the incidence. Conclusions There was no consistency in the efficacy of a given method and the incidence of dengue in the human population. There was no correlation between any of the parameters considered, i.e. method, incidence of dengue, location and presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes.

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