scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics of Four Limonene-Based Nanoemulsions and Their Larvicidal Properties against Two Mosquito Species, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens molestus

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Ioanna Theochari ◽  
Athanasios Giatropoulos ◽  
Vassiliki Papadimitriou ◽  
Vasileios Karras ◽  
Georgios Balatsos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Culex Pipiens Molestus

Negative impacts on the environment from the continuous use of synthetic insecticides against mosquitoes has driven research towards more ecofriendly products. Phytochemicals, classified as low-risk substances, have been recognized as potential larvicides of mosquitoes; however, problems related to water solubility and stability are limiting factors for their use in mosquito control programs in the field. In this context, many researchers have focused on formulating essential oils in nanoemulsions, exploiting innovative nanotechnology. In the current study, we prepared 4 (R)-(+)-limonene oil-in-water nanoemulsions using low and high energy methods, and we evaluated their physicochemical characteristics (e.g., viscosity, stability, mean droplet diameter, polydispersity index) and their bioactivity against larvae of two mosquito species of great medical importance, namely, Cx. pipiens molestus and Ae. albopictus. According to the dose–response bioassays with the limonene-based nanoemulsions and pure limonene (dissolved in organic solvent), the tested nanoformulations improved the activity of limonene against Ae. albopictus larvae, while the performance of limonene was either the same or better than limonene against Cx. pipiens molestus, depending on the applied system. Overall, we achieved the production of limonene-based delivery nanosystems, with sufficient lethal properties against mosquito larvae to consider them promising larvicidal formulations applicable to mosquito breeding sites.

scholarly journals Mosquito Control Priorities in Florida—Survey Results from Florida Mosquito Control Districts

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 947
Author(s):  
Rishi Kondapaneni ◽  
Ashley N. Malcolm ◽  
Brian M. Vazquez ◽  
Eric Zeng ◽  
Tse-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Common Control ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Research Questions

Florida lies within a subtropical region where the climate allows diverse mosquito species including invasive species to thrive year-round. As of 2021, there are currently 66 state-approved Florida Mosquito Control Districts, which are major stakeholders for Florida public universities engaged in mosquito research. Florida is one of the few states with extensive organized mosquito control programs. The Florida State Government and Florida Mosquito Control Districts have long histories of collaboration with research institutions. During fall 2020, we carried out a survey to collect baseline data on the current control priorities from Florida Mosquito Control Districts relating to (1) priority control species, (2) common adult and larval control methods, and (3) major research questions to address that will improve their control and surveillance programs. The survey data showed that a total of 17 distinct mosquito species were considered to be priority control targets, with many of these species being understudied. The most common control approaches included truck-mounted ultra-low-volume adulticiding and biopesticide-based larviciding. The districts held interest in diverse research questions, with many prioritizing studies on basic science questions to help develop evidence-based control strategies. Our data highlight the fact that mosquito control approaches and priorities differ greatly between districts and provide an important point of comparison for other regions investing in mosquito control, particularly those with similar ecological settings, and great diversity of potential mosquito vectors, such as in Florida. Our findings highlight a need for greater alignment of research priorities between mosquito control and mosquito research. In particular, we note a need to prioritize filling knowledge gaps relating to understudied mosquito species that have been implicated in arbovirus transmission.

scholarly journals Integrating Vector and Nuisance Mosquito Control for Severe Weather Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2s) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Heather M. Ward ◽  
Whitney A. Qualls
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Mosquito Management

ABSTRACT Ideally, all mosquito control programs would have public health–driven and nuisance population–focused components in their mosquito control plan. However, due to resource limitations many mosquito control programs focus attention on one specific component of integrated mosquito control, i.e., adulticiding only. Programs run by public health departments with limited resources are frequently heavily focused on vector control, targeting a few mosquito species that are locally medically relevant in human and animal disease cycles. Focusing their mosquito management on these specific vector species can result in inefficiencies after hurricanes and severe flooding events that create a need for nuisance mosquito control. Floodwater nuisance species that emerge are not routinely a public health threat, but hinder operations related to response efforts and can negatively affect the lives of people in areas recovering from these disaster events. Staff, training, equipment, and facilities, when aimed at public health vector control, may not have the experience, knowledge, or tools to effectively respond to postdisaster, floodwater mosquito populations. As such, all mosquito management programs should have plans in place to handle not only known vectors of public health concern in response to mosquito-borne disease, but also to manage floodwater mosquito populations after natural disasters to safeguard public health and facilitate recovery operations. The current paper discusses the severe weather events in South Texas in 2018 and the resulting integrated nuisance floodwater mosquito control guidance developed by the Texas Department of State Health Services.

scholarly journals A Case for Systematic Quality Management in Mosquito Control Programmes in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3478
Author(s):  
Antonios Michaelakis ◽  
Fabrizio Balestrino ◽  
Norbert Becker ◽  
Romeo Bellini ◽  
Beniamino Caputo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Formal Quality ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Invasive Mosquito

The recent spread of invasive mosquito species, such as Aedes albopictus and the seasonal sporadic transmission of autochthonous cases of arboviral diseases (e.g., dengue, chikungunya, Zika) in temperate areas, such as Europe and North America, highlight the importance of effective mosquito-control interventions to reduce not only nuisance, but also major threats for public health. Local, regional, and even national mosquito control programs have been established in many countries and are executed on a seasonal basis by either public or private bodies. In order for these interventions to be worthwhile, funding authorities should ensure that mosquito control is (a) planned by competent scientific institutions addressing the local demands, (b) executed following the plan that is based on recommended and effective methods and strategies, (c) monitored regularly by checking the efficacy of the implemented actions, (d) evaluated against the set of targets, and (e) regularly improved according to the results of the monitoring. Adherence to these conditions can only be assured if a formal quality management system is adopted and enforced that ensures the transparency of effectiveness of the control operation. The current paper aims at defining the two components of this quality management system, quality assurance and quality control for mosquito control programs with special emphasis on Europe, but applicable over temperate areas.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Wolbachia Symbiont Detection in Mosquitoes: An Entangled Topic about Methodological Power and True Symbiosis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Luísa Maria Inácio da Silva ◽  
Filipe Zimmer Dezordi ◽  
Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva ◽  
Gabriel Luz Wallau
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Infected Mosquito ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Pathogen Control

Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium that naturally infects several arthropods and nematode species. Wolbachia gained particular attention due to its impact on their host fitness and the capacity of specific Wolbachia strains in reducing pathogen vector and agricultural pest populations and pathogens transmission. Despite the success of mosquito/pathogen control programs using Wolbachia-infected mosquito release, little is known about the abundance and distribution of Wolbachia in most mosquito species, a crucial knowledge for planning and deployment of mosquito control programs and that can further improve our basic biology understanding of Wolbachia and host relationships. In this systematic review, Wolbachia was detected in only 30% of the mosquito species investigated. Fourteen percent of the species were considered positive by some studies and negative by others in different geographical regions, suggesting a variable infection rate and/or limitations of the Wolbachia detection methods employed. Eighty-three percent of the studies screened Wolbachia with only one technique. Our findings highlight that the assessment of Wolbachia using a single approach limited the inference of true Wolbachia infection in most of the studied species and that researchers should carefully choose complementary methodologies and consider different Wolbachia-mosquito population dynamics that may be a source of bias to ascertain the correct infectious status of the host species.

scholarly journals The Mosquitoes of Illinois (Diptera, Culicidae)

1947 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert H. Ross
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common

Mosquitoes are midgelike insects of various sizes, some of them minute, some of them nearly a half inch long. They belong to the family Culicidae, which belongs to the order Diptera, embracing the common housefly and other two-winged flies. Mosquitoes have aquatic larvae called wiggle-tails, wigglers, or wrigglers, which transform to aquatic pupae called tumblers. The adults, which emerge from the pupae, are aerial. About 150 species of mosquitoes are known to occur in the United States and Canada, and 52 of these have been taken in Illinois. The Illinois mosquito fauna represents a combination of the northern and the southern mosquito faunas, a combination not yet treated in the various reports giving keys to the faunas of limited regions. The object of this paper is to provide means for making mosquito control programs more effective, first by furnishing illustrated keys and descriptions for the identification of mosquito species that occur in Illinois and states similar in climate, and second by summarizing information regarding the distribution, biology, and habitat preferences of the species.

scholarly journals Discriminating Lethal Concentrations for Transfluthrin, a Volatile Pyrethroid Compound for Mosquito Control in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutipong Sukkanon ◽  
Michael J. Bangs ◽  
Jirod Nararak ◽  
Jeffrey Hii ◽  
Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
World Health ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
High Vapor ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Routine Assessment

ABSTRACT Pyrethroids are commonly used to control malaria and dengue vectors in Thailand. The lack of specific lethal discriminating concentrations (DCs) for specific mosquito species has possibly compromised more accurate assessments of physiological susceptibility to various chemicals over time. Previous studies have established DCs of various residual pyrethroids against specific mosquitoes in Thailand. However, DCs for transfluthrin (TFT), a highly volatile pyrethroid compound, against mosquito vectors in Thailand has been lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the DCs and susceptibility baselines of TFT against pyrethroid-susceptible laboratory strains of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles minimus, and An. dirus using the World Health Organization adult susceptibility tube method. Final DCs of TFT of each species were determined based on doubling the 99% lethal concentration at the following percentages: Ae. aegypti (0.06824%), An. minimus (0.06382%), and An. dirus (0.01508%). Subsequently, the respective TFT DCs were used to test field-collected populations of Ae. aegypti, An. harrisoni (Minimus Complex species), and An. dirus. Anopheles harrisoni and An. dirus were found completely susceptible (100% mortality), whereas Ae. aegypti from Nonthaburi Province was resistant to TFT. The suitability of the testing system and procedures is discussed. Routine assessment of insecticide susceptibility should include pyrethroids with high-vapor-pressure characteristics for informing control programs and consumers of product and chemical effectiveness.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE CDC LIGHT TRAP AND THE DYNATRAP® DT2000 FOR COLLECTION OF MOSQUITOES IN SEMI-FIELD AND FIELD SETTINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Nicholas Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Cdc Light Trap ◽  
Control Programs

The CDC light trap has been the standard used by mosquito control programs to conduct mosquito and arbovirus surveillance. For the last two decades, this trap has been used with little to no modifications to its original design. Recently, new traps that utilize different light sources, modified designs, and attractants have been developed and evaluated against the CDC light trap. A semi-field and field comparison of the Dynatrap® (Model DT2000) against the CDC light trap was conducted at Anastasia Mosquito Control District. The DT2000 varies from the CDC light trap with a UV light, trapdoor/fan mechanism, and Atrakta lure which is a combination of lactic acid, ammonia, and hexanoic acid. Overall, the DT2000 collected 56% (327/600) of the Ae. aegypti released in the semifield cage, compared to 18.5% (111/600) collected by the CDC light traps. These findings suggest that the DT2000 outperformed the CDC light trap in collecting Ae. aegypti. In the field, the DT2000 collected nine target mosquito species while the CDC light trap collected four target species. The DT2000 averaged 109 ± 97.46 mosquitoes and the CDC light trap averaged 8 ± 4.64 mosquitoes. The DT2000 presented functional limitations in the field as an electrical outlet was required. Study findings suggest that where an electrical outlet is available, the DT2000 may be an alternative to the CDC light trap for mosquito surveillance.

scholarly journals A Review of Studies Evaluating Insecticide Barrier Treatments for Mosquito Control From 1944 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863021985900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A Stoops ◽  
Whitney A Qualls ◽  
Thuy-Vi T Nguyen ◽  
Stephanie L Richards
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Vector Borne

Background and Purpose: Barrier insecticide treatments have a long history in mosquito control programs but have been used more frequently in the United States in recent years for control of invasive “backyard” species (eg, Aedes albopictus) and increases in incidence of vector-borne diseases (eg, Zika). Methods: We reviewed the published literature for studies investigating barrier treatments for mosquito control during the last 74 years (1944-2018). We searched databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to retrieve worldwide literature on barrier treatments. Results: Forty-four studies that evaluated 20 active ingredients (AIs) and 21 formulated products against multiple mosquito species are included. Insecticides investigated for efficacy included organochlorines (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], β-hexachlorocyclohexane [BHC]), organophosphates (malathion), and pyrethroids (bifenthrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin) as AIs. Study design varied with multiple methods used to evaluate effectiveness of barrier treatments. Barrier treatments were effective at lowering mosquito populations although there was variation between studies and for different mosquito species. Factors other than AI, such as exposure to rainfall and application equipment used, also influenced control efficacy. Conclusions: Many of the basic questions on the effectiveness of barrier insecticide applications have been answered, but several important details still must be investigated to improve precision and impact on vector-borne pathogen transmission. Recommendations are made to assist future evaluations of barrier treatments for mosquito control and to limit the potential development of insecticide resistance.

scholarly journals Toxicity of Terahertz-Based Functional Mineral Water (Plant-Derived) to Immature Stages of Mosquito Vectors

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Tai-Chih Kuo ◽  
Chien-Chung Lin ◽  
Ching-Chu Tsai ◽  
Shiang-Jiuun Chen ◽  
Tso-Min Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Water Plant

Functional mineral water and related products are popular in some Asian countries as health drinks and, recently, have been employed in agricultural crop production as well as pest control. This study aimed to investigate the survival of mosquito vectors exposed to plant-derived functional mineral water produced by terahertz technology. The terahertz-based functional mineral water used in the current study not only decreased the hatching of Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) larvae but also showed concentration-dependent toxicity to the 3rd instar larvae and pupae of the three mosquito species tested. Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Cx. quinquefasciatus pupae were more susceptible to terahertz-based functional mineral water than the larval stage, as indicated by their lower LC50. Lower concentrations (<100 ppm) of terahertz-based functional mineral water were not lethal to the pupae; however, these low concentrations still resulted in a reduced adult emergence. Although terahertz-based functional mineral water did not significantly affect Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) hatching, it could potentially be used for vector control at the larvae and pupae stages. The larvicidal and pupicidal activity of diluted terahertz-based functional mineral water gradually diminished after 24 h, indicating that it is a biodegradable and eco-friendly bioinsecticide. However, as the terahertz-based functional mineral water is also toxic to larvivorous predatory-copepods, it should not be utilized in aquatic environments where predatory-based mosquito control programs are employed.

scholarly journals An overview of mosquitoes and emerging arboviral infections in the Zagreb area, Croatia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1286-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Klobucar ◽  
Nikola Benic ◽  
Darko Krajcar ◽  
Mirjana Lana Kosanovic-Licina ◽  
Vanja Tesic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Human West Nile Virus ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Zagreb Area ◽  
The City

Mosquito control in the Zagreb area has been conducted for many years, whereas the fauna has only been investigated in the last 20 years. So far 30 mosquito species have been detected in the city area. Culex pipiens form molestus is the dominant mosquito species in indoor breeding sites. In forested areas and areas exposed to flooding, the active period is early spring and the dominant species are Ochlerotatus sticticus, Ochlerotatus cantans, Ochlerotatus geniculatus and Aedes vexans. The eudominant mosquito species found in the artificial breeding sites are Culex pipiens and the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Invasive Ae. albopictus, present in the Zagreb area since 2004, has expanded to a larger area of the city during the last three years. The recent emergence of the human West Nile virus and Usutu virus neuroinvasive disease in Zagreb and its surroundings highlighted the role of mosquitoes as vectors of emerging arboviruses. The paper focuses on mosquito species and arboviral infections detected in humans and animals in the Zagreb area, Croatia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document