scholarly journals Patterns of Seed Penetration by the Date Stone Beetle Coccotrypes dactyliperda (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Dirk H. R. Spennemann
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lateral Control ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Behavioral Observations ◽  
Coccotrypes Dactyliperda

The cryptic spermatophagus date stone beetle (Coccotrypes dactyliperda Fabricius, 1801) tunnels into palm seeds for oviposition and subsequent establishment of brood galleries. Based on behavioral observations this paper describes the biomechanical and gustatory parameters that govern the initial excavation of the tunnels and the subsequent establishment of the galleries. When tunneling into Canary Islands Date Palm (Phoenix canariensis Chabaud, 1882) seeds, penetration principally occurs at the dorsal side of the seed, in particular the groove, which allows the beetle to gain the required traction. Tunneling is executed in a circular fashion with clockwise or counter-clockwise repositioning in approximately one-eighth to one-quarter turns. Biomechanically, the three pairs of legs provide thrust (hind legs), pivoting (mid legs), and lateral control (fore legs). Gustatory cues, the nature of which remains unclear at this point, prevent the beetle from tunneling through to the other side.

scholarly journals Phoenix canariensis: Canary Island Date Palm

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Broschat
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Short Root ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Basal Foot ◽  
Shaped Pattern

The Canary Island date palm is native to the Canary Islands. Although it can reach heights of 40–50 feet, it is slow growing and requires many years to attain that height. It has 8- to 15-foot-long rigid leaves that contain up to 200 V-shaped leaflets, the basal ones of which are modified into long, sharp spines. Leaves are not self-cleaning and must be manually removed when dead, but the leaf bases eventually rot off, leaving an attractive diamond-shaped pattern of leaf scars on the 2- to 3-foot-diameter trunk. On older specimens, the basal foot or so of the trunk typically is covered with short root initials. This 6-page fact sheet was written by T. K. Broschat, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, August 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st439

scholarly journals Germination rates of old and fresh seeds and their implications on invasiveness of the ornamental Canary Islands date palm (Phoenix canariensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk HR Spennemann ◽  
Melissa Pike ◽  
Wayne Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis

In many countries, Canary Islands Date Palms (Phoenix canariensis) have escaped their horticulturally managed settings and have commenced to colonise surrounding natural bushland. While dispersed by various vectors, both birds and canids such as foxes, fluctuating environmental conditions may inhibit germination in the season of deposition. The potential of old, previous season’s seeds to germinate when conditions turn favourable has direct implications on the plant’s ability to establish viable, colonising populations. Nothing is known about the ability of older, previous season’s seeds to successfully germinate. Based in experimental data, this paper shows that that the seeds of Phoenix canariensis exhibit both substantial inter-specimen and inter-seasonal variations in their germination potential. The observed variability is caused by the high genetic diversity inherent in a given palm population, as well as by range of environmental factors. At the present stage it is impossible to separate these two. Directions for further research are outlined.

scholarly journals The contribution of the Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) to the winter diet of frugivores in novel ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk HR Spennemann
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Novel Ecosystems ◽  
Date Palms ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Native Foods

Abstract With the increasing expansion in urban areas, many species have adapted to utilising horticulturally used plants as alternate or augmentary food sources, in particular, during winter – when native foods are largely absent. Ornamental palms, particularly Canary Island Date Palms, fruit continuously during most of the year and thus provide a stable food supply. Based on observational, metric and bio-chemical data, this paper examines the role Canary Island Date Palms can and do play in the nutrition of frugivorous animals, in particular, for birds. It demonstrates that with its nearly year-round provisioning of drupes, the palm plays a major role as a ‘staple’ and backup food source for several species.

scholarly journals A NEW SPECIES OF MALDIVEA GERLACH, 1962 (NEMATODA, OXYSTOMINIDAE) FROM FELIDHOO ATOLL (MALDIVES, INDIAN OCEAN) AND AN EMENDED DIAGNOSIS OF THE SUB-FAMILY AND GENUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Federica Semprucci ◽  
Maria Balsamo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ventral Part ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
A New Species

Maldivea Gerlach, 1962 is a possible endemic genus of the Maldivian archipelago for which only M. xarifae Gerlach, 1962 has been described so far. A new species of this genus, M. complexa n.sp., was recently found in Felidhoo atoll. It reveals a more complex structure of gubernaculum than in type species which appears to be divided into two pieces: one is a sort of long wing in the ventral part of the spicule and the other one, more complex, is characterized by several curved stripes which envelop the dorsal side of the spicule distal part. According to the present considerations, diagnoses of Paroxystomininae and Maldivea are emended.

scholarly journals Structural and Biochemical Changes in Salicylic-Acid-Treated Date Palm Roots Challenged withFusarium oxysporumf. sp.albedinis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhi Dihazi ◽  
Mohammed Amine Serghini ◽  
Fatima Jaiti ◽  
Fouad Daayf ◽  
Azeddine Driouich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Marked Cell ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Induced Proteins

Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses were carried out to assess structural and biochemical changes in date palm roots pretreated with salicylic acid (SA) then inoculated withFusarium oxysporumf. sp.albedinis(Foa). Flavonoids, induced proteins, and peroxidase activity were revealed in root tissues of SA-treated plants after challenge by Foa. These reactions were closely associated with plant resistance to Foa. Host reactions induced after inoculation of SA-treated plants with Foa included the plugging of intercellular spaces, the deposition of electron-dense materials at the sites of pathogen penetration, and several damages to fungal cells. On the other hand, untreated inoculated plants showed marked cell wall degradation and total cytoplasm disorganization, indicating the protective effects provided by salicylic acid in treated plants.

scholarly journals Lovenula (Neolovenula) alluaudi (Guerne and Richard, 1890) in the Canary Islands (Copepoda: Calanoida: Paradiaptominae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Island ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
North West ◽  
West Part ◽  
Extreme North

Lovenula (Neolovenula) alluaudi is widespread on Lanzarote, where it occurred at 22 of the 105 stations. On Fuerteventura it was found at only 2 of the 53 stations, both in the extreme north-west part of the island. It was also found in a reservoir on the south side of the small island of Alegranza. Samples collected at several hundred stations in the other Canary Islands failed to yield a single calanoid, supporting the belief that the eastern islands are fragments of the African continent that drifted to deeper waters.

scholarly journals Dorsoventral decoupling of Hox gene expression underpins the diversification of molluscs

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pin Huan ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Sujian Tan ◽  
Baozhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
Hox Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Diversification

In contrast to the Hox genes in arthropods and vertebrates, those in molluscs show diverse expression patterns with differences reported among lineages. Here, we investigate 2 phylogenetically distant molluscs, a gastropod and a polyplacophoran, and show that the Hox expression in both species can be divided into 2 categories. The Hox expression in the ventral ectoderm generally shows a canonical staggered pattern comparable to the patterns of other bilaterians and likely contributes to ventral patterning, such as neurogenesis. The other category of Hox expression on the dorsal side is strongly correlated with shell formation and exhibits lineage-specific characteristics in each class of mollusc. This generalized model of decoupled dorsoventral Hox expression is compatible with known Hox expression data from other molluscan lineages and may represent a key characteristic of molluscan Hox expression. These results support the concept of widespread staggered Hox expression in Mollusca and reveal aspects that may be related to the evolutionary diversification of molluscs. We propose that dorsoventral decoupling of Hox expression allowed lineage-specific dorsal and ventral patterning, which may have facilitated the evolution of diverse body plans in different molluscan lineages.

Tourist tax to promote rentals of low-emission vehicles

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662094650
Author(s):  
Emilio Gómez-Déniz ◽  
José Boza-Chirino ◽  
Nancy Dávila-Cárdenes
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Rental Sector ◽  
Statistical Decision ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Car Rental ◽  
Sharp Growth ◽  
The One

In the Canary Islands (Spain), the tourism boom has been paralleled by sharp growth in the car rental sector. However, this economic activity is associated with problems such as rising levels of vehicle emissions. In this article, we discuss, on the one hand, the introduction of a tax to internalise the costs of emissions from car rental fleets and, on the other, the measures to reward users who rent environmentally-friendly cars. For this purpose, we propose a model based on statistical decision theory, from which a Bayesian rule is derived. According to this model, the tax increases with the number of days the car is rented but decreases in line with the environmental efficiency of the vehicle. A data sample of visitors to the Canary Islands is used to compare the covariates involved in computing the number of car rental days and the corresponding tax payable.

A weevil pollinating the Canary Islands date palm: between parasitism and mutualism

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroonrat Meekijjaroenroj ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Anstett
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Date Palm
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