Procedure Increasing the Accuracy of Modelling and the Manufacturing of Surgical Templates with the Use of 3D Printing Techniques, Applied in Planning the Procedures of Reconstruction of the Mandible

The application of anatomical models and surgical templates in maxillofacial surgery allows, among other benefits, the increase of precision and the shortening of the operation time. Insufficiently precise anastomosis of the broken parts of the mandible may adversely affect the functioning of this organ. Applying the modern mechanical engineering methods, including computer-aided design methods (CAD), reverse engineering (RE), and rapid prototyping (RP), a procedure used to shorten the data processing time and increase the accuracy of modelling anatomical structures and the surgical templates with the use of 3D printing techniques was developed. The basis for developing and testing this procedure was the medical imaging data DICOM of patients treated at the Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of the Fryderyk Chopin Provincial Clinical Hospital in Rzeszów. The patients were operated on because of malignant tumours of the floor of the oral cavity and the necrosis of the mandibular corpus, requiring an extensive resection of the soft tissues and resection of the mandible. Familiarity with and the implementation of the developed procedure allowed doctors to plan the operation precisely and prepare the surgical templates and tools in terms of the expected accuracy of the procedures. The models obtained based on this procedure shortened the operation time and increased the accuracy of performance, which accelerated the patient’s rehabilitation in the further course of events.

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Polymeric Bioinks for 3D Hepatic Printing

Chemistry ◽

10.3390/chemistry3010014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 164-181

Author(s):

Joyita Sarkar ◽

Swapnil C. Kamble ◽

Nilambari C. Kashikar

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

3D Printing ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Stem Cell Differentiation ◽

Synthetic Polymers ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Complex Geometries ◽

Printing Techniques ◽

Natural And Synthetic

Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques have revolutionized the field of tissue engineering. This is especially favorable to construct intricate tissues such as liver, as 3D printing allows for the precise delivery of biomaterials, cells and bioactive molecules in complex geometries. Bioinks made of polymers, of both natural and synthetic origin, have been very beneficial to printing soft tissues such as liver. Using polymeric bioinks, 3D hepatic structures are printed with or without cells and biomolecules, and have been used for different tissue engineering applications. In this review, with the introduction to basic 3D printing techniques, we discuss different natural and synthetic polymers including decellularized matrices that have been employed for the 3D bioprinting of hepatic structures. Finally, we focus on recent advances in polymeric bioinks for 3D hepatic printing and their applications. The studies indicate that much work has been devoted to improvising the design, stability and longevity of the printed structures. Others focus on the printing of tissue engineered hepatic structures for applications in drug screening, regenerative medicine and disease models. More attention must now be diverted to developing personalized structures and stem cell differentiation to hepatic lineage.

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A Review of 3D Printing in Dentistry: Technologies, Affecting Factors, and Applications

Scanning ◽

10.1155/2021/9950131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Yueyi Tian ◽

ChunXu Chen ◽

Xiaotong Xu ◽

Jiayin Wang ◽

Xingyu Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Complex Geometry ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Affecting Factors ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Oral Implantology

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are advanced manufacturing technologies based on computer-aided design digital models to create personalized 3D objects automatically. They have been widely used in the industry, design, engineering, and manufacturing fields for nearly 30 years. Three-dimensional printing has many advantages in process engineering, with applications in dentistry ranging from the field of prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and oral implantology to orthodontics, endodontics, and periodontology. This review provides a practical and scientific overview of 3D printing technologies. First, it introduces current 3D printing technologies, including powder bed fusion, photopolymerization molding, and fused deposition modeling. Additionally, it introduces various factors affecting 3D printing metrics, such as mechanical properties and accuracy. The final section presents a summary of the clinical applications of 3D printing in dentistry, including manufacturing working models and main applications in the fields of prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and oral implantology. The 3D printing technologies have the advantages of high material utilization and the ability to manufacture a single complex geometry; nevertheless, they have the disadvantages of high cost and time-consuming postprocessing. The development of new materials and technologies will be the future trend of 3D printing in dentistry, and there is no denying that 3D printing will have a bright future.

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A 3D-printed osseointegrated combined jaw and dental implant prosthesis – a case study

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-10-2016-0166 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 1164-1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar Malyala ◽

Ravi Kumar Y. ◽

Aditya Mohan Alwala

Keyword(s):

Medical Imaging ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Current Approach ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to present a new design in the area of basal osseointegrated implant (BOI) for oral and maxillofacial surgery using a patient-specific computer-aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing (AM) approach. The BOI was designed and fabricated according to the patient’s specific requirement, of maxilla stabilisation and dental fixation, a capacity not currently available in conventional BOI. The combination of CAD and AM techniques provides a powerful approach for optimisation and realisation of the implant in a design which helps to minimise blood loss and surgery time, translating into better patient outcomes and reduced financial burdens on healthcare providers. Design/methodology/approach The current study integrates the capabilities of conventional medical imaging techniques, CAD and metal AM to realise the BOI. The patient’s anatomy was scanned using a 128-slice spiral computed tomography scanner into a standard Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) data output. The DICOM data are processed using MIMICS software to construct a digital representative patient model to aid the design process, and the final customised implant was designed using Creo software. The final, surgically implanted BOI was fabricated using direct metal laser sintering in titanium (Ti-64). Findings The current approach assisted us to design BOI customised to the patient’s unique anatomy to improve patient outcomes. The design realises a nerve relieving option and placement of porous structure at the required area based up on the analysis of patient bone structural data. Originality/value The novelty in this work is that developed BOI comprises a patient-specific design that allows for custom fabrication around the patients' nerves, provides structural support to the compromised maxilla and comprises a dual abutment design, with the capacity of supporting fixation of up to four teeth. Conventional BOIs are only available for a signal abutment capable of holding one or two teeth only. Given the customised nature of the design, the concept could easily be extended to explore a greater number of fixation abutments, abutment length/location, adjusted dental fixation size or greater levels of maxilla support. The study highlights the significance of CAD packages to construct patient-specific solution directly from medical imaging data, and the efficiency of metal AM to translate designs into a functional implant.

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MR Imaging-Histology Correlation by Tailored 3D-Printed Slicer in Oncological Assessment

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1155/2019/1071453 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. Baldi ◽

M. Aiello ◽

A. Duggento ◽

M. Salvatore ◽

C. Cavaliere

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

In Vivo Imaging ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Quantitative Imaging ◽

Production Costs ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Histopathological Correlation ◽

Custom Made ◽

Aided Design

3D printing and reverse engineering are innovative technologies that are revolutionizing scientific research in the health sciences and related clinical practice. Such technologies are able to improve the development of various custom-made medical devices while also lowering design and production costs. Recent advances allow the printing of particularly complex prototypes whose geometry is drawn from precise computer models designed on in vivo imaging data. This review summarizes a new method for histological sample processing (applicable to e.g., the brain, prostate, liver, and renal mass) which employs a personalized mold developed from diagnostic images through computer-aided design software and 3D printing. Through positioning the custom mold in a coherent manner with respect to the organ of interest (as delineated by in vivo imaging data), the cutting instrument can be precisely guided in order to obtain blocks of tissue which correspond with high accuracy to the slices imaged. This approach appeared crucial for validation of new quantitative imaging tools, for an accurate imaging-histopathological correlation and for the assessment of radiogenomic features extracted from oncological lesions. The aim of this review is to define and describe 3D printing technologies which are applicable to oncological assessment and slicer design, highlighting the radiological and pathological perspective as well as recent applications of this approach for the histological validation of and correlation with MR images.

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3D Printing & Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Opportunities and Challenges

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.01.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (01) ◽

pp. 4723 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bhusnure O. G.* ◽

Gholve V. S. ◽

Sugave B. K. ◽

Dongre R. C. ◽

Gore S. A. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Computer Design ◽

3D Scaffolds ◽

Engineering Research ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Computer Aided

Many researchers have attempted to use computer-aided design (C.A.D) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) to realize a scaffold that provides a three-dimensional (3D) environment for regeneration of tissues and organs. As a result, several 3D printing technologies, including stereolithography, deposition modeling, inkjet-based printing and selective laser sintering have been developed. Because these 3D printing technologies use computers for design and fabrication, and they can fabricate 3D scaffolds as designed; as a consequence, they can be standardized. Growth of target tissues and organs requires the presence of appropriate growth factors, so fabrication of 3Dscaffold systems that release these biomolecules has been explored. A drug delivery system (D.D.S) that administrates a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in cells, animals and humans is a key technology that delivers biomolecules without side effects caused by excessive doses. 3D printing technologies and D. D. Ss have been assembled successfully, so new possibilities for improved tissue regeneration have been suggested. If the interaction between cells and scaffold system with biomolecules can be understood and controlled, and if an optimal 3D tissue regenerating environment is realized, 3D printing technologies will become an important aspect of tissue engineering research in the near future. 3D Printing promises to produce complex biomedical devices according to computer design using patient-specific anatomical data. Since its initial use as pre-surgical visualization models and tooling molds, 3D Printing has slowly evolved to create one-of-a-kind devices, implants, scaffolds for tissue engineering, diagnostic platforms, and drug delivery systems. Fuelled by the recent explosion in public interest and access to affordable printers, there is renewed interest to combine stem cells with custom 3D scaffolds for personalized regenerative medicine. Before 3D Printing can be used routinely for the regeneration of complex tissues (e.g. bone, cartilage, muscles, vessels, nerves in the craniomaxillofacial complex), and complex organs with intricate 3D microarchitecture (e.g. liver, lymphoid organs), several technological limitations must be addressed. Until recently, tablet designs had been restricted to the relatively small number of shapes that are easily achievable using traditional manufacturing methods. As 3D printing capabilities develop further, safety and regulatory concerns are addressed and the cost of the technology falls, contract manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies that experiment with these 3D printing innovations are likely to gain a competitive edge. This review compose the basics, types & techniques used, advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing

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Efficacy evaluation of three-dimensional printing assisted osteotomy guide plate in accurate osteotomy of adolescent cubitus varus deformity

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-019-1403-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yuan-Wei Zhang ◽

Xin Xiao ◽

Wen-Cheng Gao ◽

Yan Xiao ◽

Su-Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Operation Time ◽

Varus Deformity ◽

Conventional Group ◽

Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽

Cubitus Varus ◽

Guide Plate ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background This present study is aimed to retrospectively assess the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) printing assisted osteotomy guide plate in accurate osteotomy of adolescent cubitus varus deformity. Material and methods Twenty-five patients (15 males and 10 females) with the cubitus varus deformity from June 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study and were enrolled into the conventional group (n = 11) and 3D printing group (n = 14) according to the different surgical approaches. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, osteotomy degrees, osteotomy end union time, and postoperative complications between the two groups were observed and recorded. Results Compared with the conventional group, the 3D printing group has the advantages of shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, higher rate of excellent correction, and higher rate of the parents’ excellent satisfaction with appearance after deformity correction (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.019, P = 0.023). Nevertheless, no significant difference was presented in postoperative carrying angle of the deformed side and total complication rate between the two groups (P = 0.626, P = 0.371). Conclusions The operation assisted by 3D printing osteotomy guide plate to correct the adolescent cubitus varus deformity is feasible and effective, which might be an optional approach to promote the accurate osteotomy and optimize the efficacy.

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The Utility of Smartphone 3d Scanning, Open-Sourced Computer Aided Design and Desktop 3D Printing in The Surgical Planning of Microtia Reconstruction: A Step By Step Guide And Concept Assessment

JPRAS Open ◽

10.1016/j.jpra.2021.06.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdualziz Alazzam ◽

Sultan Aljarba ◽

Feras Alshomer ◽

Bassam Alawirdhi

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Surgical Planning ◽

3D Scanning ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Aided Design

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Traditional versus mirror three-dimensional printing technology for isolated acetabular fractures: a retrospective study with a median follow-up of 25 months

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211028554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 030006052110285

Author(s):

Kai Xiao ◽

Bo Xu ◽

Lin Ding ◽

Weiguang Yu ◽

Lei Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Operation Time ◽

Harris Hip Score ◽

Acetabular Fractures ◽

Printing Technology ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

3D Printing Technology ◽

Significant Difference

Objective To assess the outcomes of traditional three-dimensional (3D) printing technology (TPT) versus mirror 3D printing technology (MTT) in treating isolated acetabular fractures (IAFs). Methods Consecutive patients with an IAF treated by either TPT or MTT at our tertiary medical centre from 2012 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Follow-up was performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and annually thereafter. The primary outcome was the Harris hip score (HHS), and the secondary outcomes were major intraoperative variables and key orthopaedic complications. Results One hundred fourteen eligible patients (114 hips) with an IAF (TPT, n = 56; MTT, n = 58) were evaluated. The median follow-up was 25 months (range, 21–28 months). At the last follow-up, the mean HHS was 82.46 ±14.70 for TPT and 86.30 ± 13.26 for MTT with a statistically significant difference. Significant differences were also detected in the major intraoperative variables (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of fluoroscopic screenings, and anatomical reduction number) and the major orthopaedic complications (loosening, implant failure, and heterotopic ossification). Conclusion Compared with TPT, MTT tends to produce accurate IAF reduction and may result in better intraoperative variables and a lower rate of major orthopaedic complications.

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