Development Trends of Digital Infrastructure

The goal of this chapter is to analyze the main trends in the development of information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and to discuss ICT strategies for decision-making in the 21st century. The chapter begins with a discussion of the development of the internet and its impact on civilization and human society. Next, the chapter considers the development of smartphone applications as well as other technologies used for personal communication. After this, developments in hardware and machine software platforms are considered. The chapter concludes by analyzing three trends: developments in computer architecture, developments in computer design, and developments in IT design.

Development of Body Painting 3D Printing Techniques Using Fractal Design

With development of advanced technologies, the field of beauty is under strong pressure to try new approaches in line with the highly increasing interest in advance 3D printing based on 3D graphic design data. An increasing number of researches have been conducted to develop beauty and art design object using computer design programs. As part of this, three works were presented in this paper in which body painting designs and object were applied to mannequins by producing them with help of 3D printing techniques based on the motive of fractal that started from nature. This study examined how the generation principle of fractal geometry appears in the form of nature. The generation principle of fractal geometry models nature, fibonacci, and crystalline pattern by non-linearity, irregularity, and randomness around the iterative rule of self similarity. The present study is thought to be meaningful in that it suggests the possibility and practical value of a design method that can be technically and easily accessible to those majoring in beauty by means of its utility as a low-end 3D printing object.

Development and modeling of non-metallic form-forming rigger for manufacture of polymer composition reflectors for satellite antennas

Reducing the time for carrying out the strength analysis of a structure in the process of manufacturing shaping tooling using modern tools of virtual computer design and modeling, namely mathematical 3D modeling in a small-scale production with the use of additive technologies, is the main task. With the help of numerical discretization, the investigated model is divided into a finite set of elements, which can take any form of the element and be defined in different reference systems. This will make it possible to predict approximately numerically the behavior of the material during its deformation under the action of the given loads applied to the 3D model. The use of additive technologies with the use of modern computer modeling, which is based on software, is an urgent task. This approach will make it possible to develop equipment with a complex geometric shape, bypassing the stage of writing control programs and performing labor-intensive operations for the primary processing of the product. This method is based on the process of constructing a 3D model of the shaping tooling that repeats the shape of the reflective surface of the reflector, using modified high-temperature engineering plastics. The process of evaluating the effectiveness of the developed model is shown on the basis of strength calculations, safety factor, deformation, static stress and displacement. The results of the work can be used in the design and manufacture of dimensionally stable products of complex geometric shapes from non-metallic materials used in the aerospace industry.

SIMULATION OF SWITCHING SUPPLY POWER OF INCREASED POWER FOR LIGHT EMITTING DIODES CONTROL

The article provides results of computer simulation of switching power supply of increased power on base designed of imitation block-diagram of IC PWM-controller for light emitting diodes. Represented results of computer design at CAD TINA-TI.

VERTICAL AND SLOPED BANK EFFECTS ON DIFFERENT SHIP TYPES

This study employed computer design software to completely draft 3D ship models; then, computational fluid dynamics were used to establish numeric navigation channels and simulate fluid hydrodynamic analysis of ships navigating along shore banks. The parameters considered comprised bank type (vertical and sloped), ship model (two types), velocity, ship-to-bank distance, and navigation time. Figures and tables were used to present the distribution of ship stern eddy current, flow field pressure, and velocity, and the comparison of center of mass deviation, sway force, and yaw moment. Results showed that ships navigating along embankments and channels produced asymmetric flows, which draw the bow away from the shore. Larger ships are substantially more influenced by bank effects than smaller ships. Large sway forces and yaw moments are produced in large ships, drifting the bow away from the bank and the stern towards the bank, increasing the risk of collision with the embankment. From the study results, the characteristics of bank effects are understood and can be used for assisting the safe navigation of ships in restricted waters.

Ways to Improve the Assimilating Efficiency of the Graphic Editors’ Functionality (On the Materials of the Training Course on the Discipline "Computer Technologies in Design")

The purpose of this research is to systematize and present the acquired in the process of personal teaching effective teaching methods and techniques, as well as meaningful conclusions in the context of the course “Computer Technology in Design” for its optimization. Research methodology. The research is based, first of all, on the author’s remarks and observations on the peculiarities of mastering by students of the speciality “Graphic Design and Advertising” of the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts the functionality of graphic editors. That is, among the scientific methods in the preparation of the article were used methods of observation, experiment, comparison, classification, systematization, scientific analysis. Scientific novelty. The study has found that the current model of teaching computer science to designers focused on the study of graphic editors needs to be improved and updated in the context of current trends in computer design. Therefore, taking into account the existing shortcomings, it was proposed to optimize the training approach in four main positions: study of digital art terminology; working out of technical receptions; combination of basic artistic principles with program functionality; education of analytical qualities in students (graphic image analysis). Thus, all volume of the tasks directed on working off of technical receptions in combination with basic art bases is classified into three categories according to their maintenance: algorithmic tasks (the result is predicted); creative tasks (the result is variable, unpredictable); combined tasks (the result is variable). The practical block of tasks for studying graphic editors Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator for 1–2 years students, successfully tested during the educational process during 2018–2021, is reflected in the table, and the relevant analytical conclusions are presented in the form of infographics. Conclusions. As it was proved in the course of the research, it is the accumulated teaching experience in the context of theoretical substantiation that can experimentally help to determine a quality educational model. As a result, it was possible to systematize the effective teaching methods and techniques acquired during personal teaching, to present a successfully tested set of tasks, as well as to formulate theses on optimizing the educational model in the context of the “Computer Technology in Design” course.

Hidden Hypergraphs, Error-Correcting Codes, and Critical Learning in Hopfield Networks

In 1943, McCulloch and Pitts introduced a discrete recurrent neural network as a model for computation in brains. The work inspired breakthroughs such as the first computer design and the theory of finite automata. We focus on learning in Hopfield networks, a special case with symmetric weights and fixed-point attractor dynamics. Specifically, we explore minimum energy flow (MEF) as a scalable convex objective for determining network parameters. We catalog various properties of MEF, such as biological plausibility, and them compare to classical approaches in the theory of learning. Trained Hopfield networks can perform unsupervised clustering and define novel error-correcting coding schemes. They also efficiently find hidden structures (cliques) in graph theory. We extend this known connection from graphs to hypergraphs and discover n-node networks with robust storage of 2Ω(n1−ϵ) memories for any ϵ>0. In the case of graphs, we also determine a critical ratio of training samples at which networks generalize completely.

FEATURES OF TRAINING FUTURE TEACHERS OF TECHNOLOGY BY MEANS OF THE PRO 100 PROGRAM

The article considers the importance of using computer-aided design (CAD) systems to train competitive specialists in their field, in particular future technology teachers, who must be responsive to change and be competent in all innovations in information and communication technologies.In particular, in the process of training teachers of CAD, technology is used for designing and engineering products, objects, technological processes, as well as controlling and developing technical documentation.The possibilities of the computer program PRO 100 are revealed: the majority of operations connected with designing are realized quickly and simply using the mouse; fast access to an additional set of tools such as positioning, alignment, rotation; six types of viewing of details; creation of new detail and storage in the library with new source data, calculation of the number of materials and accessories and their price.The advantages of using the PRO 100 program when designing furniture sets on the example of a kitchen cabinet are identified. They are as follows: 3D visualization allows you to view the product, both in general and in detail in all projections, which motivates students to design activities; the possibility of step-by-step and versatile design of products of varying complexity; possibility of self-control and constructive changes at any stage of designing.The structural elements of the kitchen cabinet are singled out, namely: the components of the product “received” the name, size, material for manufacture, which is reflected in the specification of parts, and at any stage of design, you can make changes and control the process.A clear algorithm for the sequence of logically-ordered actions for product design has been developed, which includes the following: specification of each design stage with the demonstration in the corresponding figure, proposed simpler ways to design parts for better assimilation. Keywords: computer design; PRO 100 program; furniture products; element; detail; CAD; design and engineering activities; specialist; 3D-visualization; perspective.

Spline-approximation as the basis of computer technology design of linear structures routes

This article is a continuation of the article published in Journal of Applied Informatics nо.1 in 2019 [1]. In it, the problems of computer design of routes of various linear structures (new and reconstructed railways and highways, pipelines for various purposes, canals, etc.) are considered from a unified standpoint, as problems of approximating a sequence of points on plane of a smooth curve consisting of elements of a given type, i.e. spline. The fundamental difference from other approximation problems considered in the theory of splines and its applications is that the boundaries of the elements of the spline and even their number are unknown. Therefore, a two-stage scheme for finding a solution has been proposed. At the first stage, the number of spline elements and their parameters are determined using dynamic programming. For some tasks, this stage is the only one. In more complex cases, the result of the first stage is used as an initial approximation to optimize the spline parameters using nonlinear programming. Another complicating factor is the presence of numerous restrictions on the spline parameters, which take into account design standards and conditions for the construction and subsequent operation of the structure. The article discusses the features of mathematical models of the corresponding design problems. For a spline consisting of arcs of circles, mated by line segments, used in the design of the longitudinal profile of both new and reconstructed railways and highways and pipelines, a mathematical model is built and a new algorithm for solving a nonlinear programming problem is proposed, taking into account the structural features of the constraint system. In contrast to standard nonlinear programming algorithms, a basis is constructed in the zero-space of the matrix of active constraints and its modification is used when the set of active constraints changes. At the same time, to find the direction of descent at each iteration, no solution of auxiliary systems of equations is required at all. Two options for organizing the iterative optimization process are considered: descent through groups of variables in the presence of sections for independent construction of the descent direction and the traditional change of all variables in one iteration. Experimentally, no significant advantage of one of these options has been revealed.

Specialized meat semi-finished products for prevention of liver diseases

Dietetic therapy plays an important role in prevention and treatment of non-communicable, alimentary-dependent diseases including the bile duct diseases and chronic liver injury. The medico-biological requirements for the composition and quality of specialized semi-finished products for prevention and treatment of liver diseases are formulated and formalized in the paper. Using the methods of the computer design, the recipe of the specialized minced meat semi-finished product from horse meat, which is nutrient adequate to specific features of nutrition of patients with liver diseases, was developed and optimized. The experimental recipe of minced semi-finished products consists of horse meat of the second grade, soy protein fiber, soy protein isolate, textured soy flour, milk thistle oil meal, chicken eggs, soybean oil, salt, onion, vitamins B1, B2 and E, magnesium and zinc salts. The biological value of the obtained product is characterized by the high indices of the amino acid balance (Cmin=0.99, σс =0.85, U=6.27) and fatty acid balance of lipids ((RLi) I = 1…3 = 0.9 and (RLi) I = 1…6 -0.77). The content of dietary fibers, vitamins B1 and B2 as well as mineral salts of magnesium and zinc in the semi-finished product corresponds to the medico-biological requirements. The effectiveness of the developed product was confirmed in the experiment of the laboratory mice with simulated liver cirrhosis. The results of the assessment on the laboratory animals show that the developed product positively influences the processes of metabolism in the mouse body. The coefficient of protein assimilation in the group of animals fed with the specialized product was 25% higher than in animals received the standard vivarium diet. The biochemical blood analysis showed that intake of the developed product reduced the content of bilirubin, cholesterol, AST and ALT in the animal body by 34.5%, 8.2%, 11.0% and 12.5%, respectively.