scholarly journals Pre-Existing Hypertension Is Related with Disproportions in T-Lymphocytes in Older Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Anna Tylutka ◽  
Barbara Morawin ◽  
Artur Gramacki ◽  
Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Immune Risk Profile ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Memory T Cell ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Immune Deficiencies ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Naive T Lymphocytes

Age-related immune deficiencies increase the risk of comorbidities and mortality. This study evaluated immunosenescence patterns by flow cytometry of naïve and memory T cell subpopulations and the immune risk profile (IRP), expressed as the CD4/CD8 ratio and IgG CMV related to comorbidities. The disproportions in naïve and memory T cells, as well as in the CD4/CD8 ratio, were analysed in 99 elderly individuals (71.9 ± 5.8 years) diagnosed with hypertension (n = 51) or without hypertension (n = 48), using an eight-parameter flow cytometer. The percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in hypertensive than other individuals independently from CMV infections, with approximately 34% having CD4/CD8 > 2.5, and only 4% of the elderly with hypertension having CD4/CD8 < 1. The elderly with a normal BMI demonstrated the CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 1 or ≤ 2.5, while overweight and obese participants showed a tendency to an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio. CD4/CD8 ratio increased gradually with age and reached the highest values in participants aged >75 years. The decline in CD4+ naïve T lymphocytes was more prominent in IgG CMV+ men when compared to IgG CMV+ women. The changes in naïve and memory T lymphocyte population, CD4/CD8, and CMV seropositivity included in IRP are important markers of health status in the elderly that are dependent on hypertension.

Trapping and apoptosis of novel subsets of memory T lymphocytes expressing CCR6 in the spleen of HIV-infected patients

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 3649-3657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Lécureuil ◽  
Béhazine Combadière ◽  
Elodie Mazoyer ◽  
Olivia Bonduelle ◽  
Assia Samri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Memory T Cell ◽  
Effector Memory T Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
T Cell Homing ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations

AbstractCCR6, a homeostatic chemokine receptor, is shown here to characterize subsets of both central and effector memory T cells that secrete high levels of IL-2 and TNF-α in response to polyclonal and antigen-specific stimulation. CCR6+ T lymphocytes disappeared dramatically from the peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients as HIV disease progressed. The capacity of CD4+CCR6+ to secrete multiple cytokines remained intact among HIV-infected long-term nonprogressors but was partially lost from subjects with standard disease progression. CCR6+ T lymphocytes, regardless of their CCR7 expression, accumulated in the spleen of HIV-infected patients, where they died by apoptosis. Assessment of CCR6 expression allowed us to describe novel memory T-cell subpopulations capable of high cytokine production and provided evidence of a pathologic CCR6-dependent pathway of memory T-cell homing that may participate in the loss of memory response against infections.

Dysregulation between TH1 and TH2 T cell subpopulations in the elderly

1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irem Cakman ◽  
Jan Rohwer ◽  
Rudolf-M. Schütz ◽  
Holger Kirchner ◽  
Lothar Rink
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Th1 And Th2

scholarly journals Selective expression of H-2 (i-region) loci controlling determinants on helper and suppressor T lymphocytes.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Okumura ◽  
L A Herzenberg ◽  
D B Murphy ◽  
H O McDevitt ◽  
L A Herzenberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Selective Expression ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations

Data presented here show that locidentify in the I-region of the H-2 gene complex are selectively expressed in different functional T-cell subpopulations. These loci are closely linked (or possibly identical) to loci that control immune responses. They control surface determinants which identify helper and suppressor T lymphocytes. Determinants described here on allotype suppressor T cells (Ts) are found on normal (nonsuppressed) lymphoid cells, but are not found on helper T cells (Th). These determinants are controlled by a locus mapping in the I region of the H-2 complex. In an accompanying publication we show that this locus (Ia-4) marks a new I subregion (I-J) and is expressed only on T cells. Thus Ia-4 determinants idenfity a T-cell subpopulation which includes Ts but not Th. Th also carry identifying surface determinants controlled by loci that map to the H-2 complex, probably within the I region. These determinants are not found on Ts. Data presented also establish that loci in the I region control determinants on Th, but do not conclusively demonstrate that these are the determinants that distinguish Th from Ts. The selective expression of H-2-controlled determinants on Ts and Th suggests that these determinants are directly involved in immunoregulation.

scholarly journals Age-related decrease of miRNA-92a levels in human CD8+ T-cells correlates with a reduction of naïve T lymphocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiyo Ohyashiki ◽  
Junko H Ohyashiki ◽  
Ayako Hirota ◽  
Chiaki Kobayashi ◽  
Kazuma Ohyashiki
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Naive T Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Assessment of CLA+T-cell subpopulations in the blood of patients with chronic dermatoses

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Patrushev ◽  
Alexey V. Samtsov ◽  
Vladimir Yu. Nikitin ◽  
Alexey V. Soukharev ◽  
Oksana P. Gumilevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
T Helpers

Background. CLA+T-cell are an important component of skin-associated lymphoid tissue, and thus determine the pathogenesis of many immuno-mediated dermatoses. Aims. Determine the relative number of CLA+T-cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis, lichen planus and atopic dermatitis, as well as assess their impact on the severity of dermatoses. Materials and methods. We examined 82 patients with psoriasis aged 19 to 62 years, 54 patients with lichen planus (LP) aged 18 to 54 years, 44 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged 18 to 44 years, as well as 20 practically healthy individuals aged 18 to 52 years who were admitted to the clinic for the removal of benign skin neoplasms. All patients underwent a standard clinical examination with the determination of indicators that characterize the severity of dermatosis: PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) for patients with psoriasis, IPSLP (index of prevalence and severity of lichen planus) for patients with lichen planus and SCORAD (Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis) for patients with atopic dermatitis. Defining subpopulations CLA+T-lymphocytes were carried out on a flow cytometer Cytomics FC500 by Beckman Coulter using appropriate combinations of direct monoclonal antibodies and isotopic controls. The groups were compared using the nonparametric Mann Whitney test, and the differences were considered significant at p0,05. To analyze the relationship between the severity of dermatosis and the relative content of subpopulations CLA+T-cells used Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results. In patients with psoriasis, a significant increase in the percentage of the total number of T-lymphocytes positive for CLA (CLA+CD3+) and T-helpers positive for CLA (CLA+CD4+) (p=0,002 and 8,5104, respectively), in patients with PL and AD only CLA+CD4+ lymphocytes (p=0,028 and 0,003, respectively). In the progressive period of psoriasis, a direct moderate correlation was found between the circulating subpopulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes positive for CLA (CLA+CD8+) and the PASI index (rs=0,47; p0,001), in the acute period of AD between the CLA+CD3+ subpopulations and CLA+CD4+ cells and the SCORAD index (rs=0,53; p 0,001 and rs=0,57; p0,001, respectively). In PL, the severity of the course of dermatosis was not accompanied by any significant changes in the CLA-positive T-cell subpopulations. Conclusion. The results of the study confirmed the important role of CLA+T cell subpopulations in the development of chronic dermatoses. In all groups (psoriasis, LP and AD), an increase in the relative number of CLA+CD4+ T-helpers was noted compared with the control group. The relationship between the severity of psoriasis and the relative number of CLA+CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the severity of AD with CLA+CD3+ and CLA+CD4+ T-helpers is also shown.

scholarly journals Regulation of human peripheral blood erythroid burst-forming unit growth by T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subpopulations defined by OKT4 and OKT8 monoclonal antibodies

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-463
Author(s):  
D Wisniewski ◽  
A Strife ◽  
M Wachter ◽  
B Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Sheep Erythrocyte ◽  
Cell Fraction ◽  
Null Cell ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations

To reexamine the influence that T lymphocytes have on the regulation of human peripheral blood burst-forming unit (BFU-E) proliferation in the absence of a statistically significant number of monocytes, very low numbers (3 to 10 X 10(3)/mL) of a null cell fraction highly enriched for BFU-E were cultured alone and in the presence of 5 X 10(5) sheep erythrocyte-purified, autologous T lymphocytes in a methylcellulose culture system containing erythropoietin. T lymphocytes consistently enhanced the growth of BFU-E from the null cell fraction, as reflected in both their number and size. Irradiation of T lymphocytes prior to coculture with null cells markedly reduced this enhancement, strongly suggesting that T lymphocytes synthesize erythroid burst-promoting factors (BPA). To determine whether there were functional differences between the two major T lymphocyte populations as defined by OKT4 (T helper/inducer) and OKT8 (T suppressor/cytotoxic) murine monoclonal antibodies to stimulate the growth of BFU-E, both T cell subpopulations were isolated by negative (panning) or positive (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) selection and cocultured with null cells. No statistically significant differences emerged between unseparated, OKT4+ and OKT8+ T lymphocytes in their ability to stimulate the growth of BFU-E. Thus, these studies provide further evidence that T lymphocytes are a major population of BPA-producing cells and further that OKT4+ and OKT8+ T lymphocytes equally elaborate these factors.

Resistance training, insulin sensitivity and muscle function in the elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flemming Dela ◽  
Michael Kjaer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Improved Function ◽  
Improve Muscle Strength

Ageing is associated with a loss in both muscle mass and in the metabolic quality of skeletal muscle. This leads to sarcopenia and reduced daily function, as well as to an increased risk for development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A major part, but not all, of these changes are associated with an age-related decrease in the physical activity level and can be counteracted by increased physical activity of a resistive nature. Strength training has been shown to improve insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both healthy elderly individuals and patients with manifest diabetes, and likewise to improve muscle strength in both elderly healthy individuals and in elderly individuals with chronic disease. The increased strength is coupled to improved function and a decreased risk for fall injuries and fractures. Elderly individuals have preserved the capacity to improve muscle strength and mass with training, but seem to display a reduced sensitivity towards stimulating protein synthesis from nutritional intake, rather than by any reduced response in protein turnover to exercise.

Ethics in Geriatric Research

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce M. Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Geriatric Research

As the need for more information on age-related clinical pharmacology grows, there will be an increased emphasis on research involving elderly individuals. Ethical concerns surrounding the protection of elderly research subjects is increasingly a topic of debate. The increased vulnerability of institutionalized elderly, recruitment and retention of elderly subjects, and informed consent are important issues that affect the conduct of research in this population. Investigators should be aware of the special problems associated with research in the older population and be prepared to deal with these before embarking on a research project. This article provides the pharmacy practitioner with an introduction to the basic ethical principles relating to the conduct of research involving the elderly and gives an overview of some of the important problems that may be encountered. Issues such as autonomy, competence, informed consent, proxy, and rights of privacy are outlined. Circumstances in which elderly patients are deserving of special protections when participating in a research project are discussed and potential guidelines for addressing the unique problems surrounding research in the elderly are offered.

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