scholarly journals Relationship between Alcohol Hangover and Physical Endurance Performance: Walking the Samaria Gorge

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris C Verster ◽  
Aikaterini Anogeianaki ◽  
Darren Kruisselbrink ◽  
Chris Alford ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Stock
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Walking Performance ◽  
Alcohol Hangover

Alcohol hangover is a potentially debilitating state. Several studies have demonstrated that it does not seem to impair strength or short-term endurance, but its effects on continuous exercise performance/long-term endurance have never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess hiking performance of participants who walked the 15.8 km Samaria Gorge in Crete, Greece. Participants completed a survey in the morning before walking the Gorge, and in the afternoon after completion of the walk. Demographics, data on previous evening alcohol consumption, sleep, hangover symptoms, and walking performance were assessed. Data from N = 299 participants with a mean (SD) age of 38.9 (11.0) years were analyzed. N = 223 participants (74.6%) consumed alcohol the evening before walking the Samaria Gorge, and N = 176 (78.9%) of those reported a hangover. They consumed a mean (SD) of 3.0 (1.8) alcoholic drinks (10 g alcohol each) with a corresponding next-morning hangover severity of 4.6 (2.4) on a 0–10 scale. Participants with a hangover reported feeling significantly more exhausted after the walk compared to participants with no hangover. The groups did not significantly differ in duration of the walk, and the number and duration of breaks. Overall hangover severity, assessed either before, during, or after walking the Samaria Gorge was not significantly correlated with any walking outcome. In conclusion, hungover participants experienced significantly more exhaustion when performing physical activity at the same level as non-hungover participants.

scholarly journals Eight-Month Follow-Up of Physical Activity and Central Adiposity: Results From an Internet-Delivered Randomized Control Trial Intervention

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas J. Carr ◽  
R. Todd Bartee ◽  
Chris M. Dorozynski ◽  
James F. Broomfield ◽  
Marci L. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Active Living Every Day ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Future Theory

Background:Less than half of U.S. adults engage in the recommended amount of physical activity (PA). Internet-delivered PA programs increase short-term PA but long-term adherence is largely equivocal.Purpose:To determine whether increased PA following the 16-week internet-delivered Active Living Every Day (ALED-I) program is maintained 8 months later in sedentary and overweight rural adults.Methods:In our previous randomized controlled trial (N = 32; 18 intent-to-treat controls, 14 ALED-I interventions), the ALED-I group increased PA (+1384 steps/day; E.S. = 0.95) and reduced central adiposity. Nine original intervention participants and ten delayed intent-to-treat control participants completed ALED-I and an 8-month follow-up. Pedometer-measured PA, anthropometric variables, and cardiometabolic disease risk factors were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and at 8 months.Results:Control crossover participants increased PA (+1337 steps/day; P = .04). Eight months following completion of ALED-I (N = 19), PA levels relapsed (–1340 steps/day) and were similar to levels before the intervention (6850 ± 471 steps/day vs. 6755 ± 543 steps/day; P = .89). Total cholesterol and triglycerides improved, –9.9% and –18.2%, respectively, and reductions in central adiposity were maintained (97.1 ± 2.2 cm vs. 97.2 ± 2.2 cm; P = .66).Conclusions:The ALED-I intervention was efficacious in the short-term but did not produce longer-term adherence to PA. Future theory- based internet-delivered interventions that produce habituation of increased PA are warranted. Study conducted in Laramie, WY from January 2007 through November 2007.

Effect of Goal Proximity and Goal Specificity on Muscular Endurance Performance: A Replication and Extension

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon Tenenbaum ◽  
Saadia Pinchas ◽  
Gabi Elbaz ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli ◽  
Robert Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
School Students ◽  
Goal Specificity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present investigation was to extend the literature on the relationship between goal specificity, goal proximity, and performance by using high school students and attempting to control for the effects of social comparison. Subjects (N=214) in Experiment 1 were randomly assigned to one of five goal-setting conditions: (a) short-term goals, (b) long-term goals, (c) short- plus long-term goals,(d) do-your-best goals, and (e) no goals. After a 3-week baseline period, subjects were tested once a week on the 3-minute sit-up over the course of the 10-week experimental period. Results indicated that the short- plus long-term group exhibited the greatest increase in performance although the short-term and long-term groups also displayed significant improvements. In Experiment 2, a short- plus long-term group was compared against a do-your-best group. Results again revealed a significant improvement in performance for the combination-goal group whereas the do-your-best group did not display any improvement.

The relationship between sleep and physical activity: The moderating role of daily alcohol consumption

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjin Lee Tracy ◽  
Kathryn Jean Reid ◽  
Kelly Glazer Baron
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Activity Duration ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Physical Activity Duration

Abstract Study objectives Studies have demonstrated a daily, bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity. However, little is known about how other health behaviors, such as alcohol consumption affect this relationship. This study examined how daily and average alcohol consumption affects the relationships between sleep and physical activity. Methods Participants included 70 men and women, ages 18-50 with sleep duration >6.5 h. Participants wore an actigraph, physical activity monitor and recorded number of alcoholic drinks by daily food logs for 7 days. Results were analyzed using multi-level models to evaluate the 7-day average (i.e., between-person effects) and daily effects (i.e., within-person effects) simultaneously. Results Those with more average (7 day) minutes of vigorous physical activity had less wake after sleep onset (WASO). Furthermore, a higher number of alcoholic drinks was associated with longer sleep duration and higher WASO over 7 days. Days with a higher number of alcoholic drinks were associated with higher WASO and sleep fragmentation that night. Alcohol intake moderated the average (7 day) and daily relationships between sleep and physical activity such that high average (7 days) WASO was associated with shorter average total physical activity duration, but only for those with higher alcohol intake. In addition, longer physical activity duration during the day was associated with lower sleep fragmentation that night, but only for those with lower alcohol intake. Conclusions These data demonstrate that in a naturalistic setting, alcohol intake negatively impacts sleep and diminishes the benefits of physical activity on sleep.

scholarly journals Long-term clinical and economic outcomes of a short-term physical activity program in knee osteoarthritis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Silva ◽  
J.K. Sullivan ◽  
J.N. Katz ◽  
S.P. Messier ◽  
D.J. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Activity Program

scholarly journals Estimating Long-Term Drinking Patterns for People with Lifetime Alcohol Use Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-780
Author(s):  
Carolina Barbosa ◽  
William N. Dowd ◽  
Arnie P. Aldridge ◽  
Christine Timko ◽  
Gary A. Zarkin
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Very High

Background. There is a lack of data on alcohol consumption over time. This study characterizes the long-term drinking patterns of people with lifetime alcohol use disorders who have engaged in treatment or informal care. Methods. We developed multinomial logit models using the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) to estimate short-term transition probabilities (TPs) among the 4 World Health Organization drinking risk levels (low, medium, high, and very high risk) and abstinence by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. We applied an optimization algorithm to convert 3-year TPs from NESARC to 1-year TPs, then used simulated annealing to calibrate TPs to a propensity-scored matched set of participants derived from a separate 16-year study of alcohol consumption. We validated the resulting long-term TPs using NESARC-III, a cross-sectional study conducted on a different cohort. Results. Across 24 demographic groups, the 1-year probability of remaining in the same state averaged 0.93, 0.81, 0.49, 0.51, and 0.63 for abstinent, low, medium, high, and very high-risk states, respectively. After calibration to the 16-year study data ( N = 420), resulting TPs produced state distributions that hit the calibration target. We find that the abstinent or low-risk states are very stable, and the annual probability of leaving the very high-risk state increases by about 20 percentage points beyond 8 years. Limitations. TPs for some demographic groups had small cell sizes. The data used to calibrate long-term TPs are based on a geographically narrow study. Conclusions. This study is the first to characterize long-term drinking patterns by combining short-term representative data with long-term data on drinking behaviors. Current research is using these patterns to estimate the long-term cost effectiveness of alcohol treatment.

scholarly journals Physical Inactivity, Self-Management, and Living Well With COPD

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
David B. Coultas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Specific Patient

Physical inactivity is an underrecognized and undertreated lifestyle behavior among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is independently associated with a number of adverse health-related outcomes. Pulmonary rehabilitation with exercise training provides an efficacious intervention with short-term improvements, but it is an infrequently used modality and does not consistently result in longer term increases in physical activity. Similarly, pedometer self-monitoring with coaching has demonstrated short-term increases in physical activity. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal method to support long-term behavior change that will have the greatest benefit. While available evidence suggests that reversing physical inactivity is an essential component of self-management to optimize health, it is only one component of a complex set of interventions needed to support patients in adapting to their chronic condition. In the future, this support will ideally start with identification of specific patient phenotypes, which describes their adaptation to the condition based on patients’ knowledge, skills, confidence, symptoms, and impairments. This information will then be used to tailor education and behavior change strategies over the long term to promote sustainable physical activity and other healthy lifestyles.

scholarly journals The Use of Wearable Activity Trackers Among Older Adults: Focus Group Study of Tracker Perceptions, Motivators, and Barriers in the Maintenance Stage of Behavior Change (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kononova ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Kendra Kamp ◽  
Marie Bowen ◽  
R.V. Rikard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Maintenance Stage ◽  
Wearable Activity Trackers

BACKGROUND Wearable activity trackers offer the opportunity to increase physical activity through continuous monitoring. Viewing tracker use as a beneficial health behavior, we explored the factors that facilitate and hinder long-term activity tracker use, applying the transtheoretical model of behavior change with the focus on the maintenance stage and relapse. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate older adults’ perceptions and uses of activity trackers at different points of use: from nonuse and short-term use to long-term use and abandoned use to determine the factors to maintain tracker use and prevent users from discontinuing tracker usage. METHODS Data for the research come from 10 focus groups. Of them, 4 focus groups included participants who had never used activity trackers (n=17). These focus groups included an activity tracker trial. The other 6 focus groups (without the activity tracker trial) were conducted with short-term (n=9), long-term (n=11), and former tracker users (n=11; 2 focus groups per user type). RESULTS The results revealed that older adults in different tracker use stages liked and wished for different tracker features, with long-term users (users in the maintenance stage) being the most diverse and sophisticated users of the technology. Long-term users had developed a habit of tracker use whereas other participants made an effort to employ various encouragement strategies to ensure behavior maintenance. Social support through collaboration was the primary motivator for long-term users to maintain activity tracker use. Short-term and former users focused on competition, and nonusers engaged in vicarious tracker use experiences. Former users, or those who relapsed by abandoning their trackers, indicated that activity tracker use was fueled by curiosity in quantifying daily physical activity rather than the desire to increase physical activity. Long-term users saw a greater range of pros in activity tracker use whereas others focused on the cons of this behavior. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that activity trackers may be an effective technology to encourage physical activity among older adults, especially those who have never tried it. However, initial positive response to tracker use does not guarantee tracker use maintenance. Maintenance depends on recognizing the long-term benefits of tracker use, social support, and internal motivation. Nonadoption and relapse may occur because of technology’s limitations and gaining awareness of one’s physical activity without changing the physical activity level itself.

scholarly journals Effect of the subjective intensity of fatigue and interoception on perceptual regulation and performance during sustained physical activity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262303
Author(s):  
Aaron Greenhouse-Tucknott ◽  
Jake B. Butterworth ◽  
James G. Wrightson ◽  
Neil A. Harrison ◽  
Jeanne Dekerle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sustained Contraction ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Subjective Intensity

Background The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of the specific role perceived fatigue plays in the central regulation of performance remains unclear. Here, we examined whether the subjective intensity of a perceived state of fatigue, pre-induced through prior upper body activity, differentially impacted performance and altered perceived effort and affect experienced during a sustained, isometric contraction in lower body. We also explored whether (cardiac) interoception predicted the intensity of experienced perceptual and affective responses and moderated the relationships between constructs during physical activity. Methods Using a repeated-measures study design, thirty male participants completed three experimental conditions, with the intensity of a pre-induced state of fatigue manipulated to evoke moderate (MOD), severe (SEV) and minimal (control; CON) intensity of perceptions prior to performance of the sustained contraction. Results Performance of the sustained contraction was significantly impaired under a perceived state of fatigue, with reductions of 10% and 14% observed in the MOD and SEV conditions, respectively. Performance impairment was accompanied by greater perceived effort and more negative affective valence reported during the contraction. However, effects were limited to comparisons to CON, with no difference evident between the two experimental trials (i.e. MOD vs. SEV). Individuals’ awareness of their accuracy in judging resting heartbeats was shown to predict the subjective intensity of fatigue experienced during the endurance task. However, interoception did not moderate the relationships evident between fatigue and both perceived effort and affective valence. Conclusions A perceived state of fatigue limits endurance performance, influencing both how effortful activity is perceived to be and the affective experience of activity. Though awareness of interoceptive representations of bodily states may be important to the subjective experience of fatigue, interoception does not modulate the relationships between perceived fatigue and other perceptual (i.e. effort) and affective constructs.

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