scholarly journals Effect of the subjective intensity of fatigue and interoception on perceptual regulation and performance during sustained physical activity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262303
Author(s):  
Aaron Greenhouse-Tucknott ◽  
Jake B. Butterworth ◽  
James G. Wrightson ◽  
Neil A. Harrison ◽  
Jeanne Dekerle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sustained Contraction ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Subjective Intensity

Background The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of the specific role perceived fatigue plays in the central regulation of performance remains unclear. Here, we examined whether the subjective intensity of a perceived state of fatigue, pre-induced through prior upper body activity, differentially impacted performance and altered perceived effort and affect experienced during a sustained, isometric contraction in lower body. We also explored whether (cardiac) interoception predicted the intensity of experienced perceptual and affective responses and moderated the relationships between constructs during physical activity. Methods Using a repeated-measures study design, thirty male participants completed three experimental conditions, with the intensity of a pre-induced state of fatigue manipulated to evoke moderate (MOD), severe (SEV) and minimal (control; CON) intensity of perceptions prior to performance of the sustained contraction. Results Performance of the sustained contraction was significantly impaired under a perceived state of fatigue, with reductions of 10% and 14% observed in the MOD and SEV conditions, respectively. Performance impairment was accompanied by greater perceived effort and more negative affective valence reported during the contraction. However, effects were limited to comparisons to CON, with no difference evident between the two experimental trials (i.e. MOD vs. SEV). Individuals’ awareness of their accuracy in judging resting heartbeats was shown to predict the subjective intensity of fatigue experienced during the endurance task. However, interoception did not moderate the relationships evident between fatigue and both perceived effort and affective valence. Conclusions A perceived state of fatigue limits endurance performance, influencing both how effortful activity is perceived to be and the affective experience of activity. Though awareness of interoceptive representations of bodily states may be important to the subjective experience of fatigue, interoception does not modulate the relationships between perceived fatigue and other perceptual (i.e. effort) and affective constructs.

scholarly journals Effect of the subjective intensity of fatigue and interoceptive awareness on perceptual regulation and performance during sustained physical activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Greenhouse-Tucknott ◽  
Jake Butterworth ◽  
James Graeme Wrightson ◽  
Neil Andrew Harrison ◽  
Jeanne Dekerle
Keyword(s):  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Perception Of Effort ◽  
Subjective Intensity ◽  
Sensory Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The subjective experience of fatigue impairs an individual’s ability to sustain physical endurance performance. However, precise understanding of exactly how the perception of fatigue limits performance remains unclear. Methods: Here, we examined whether subjective intensity of perceived fatigue, pre-induced through prior upper body activity, differentially impacted performance and altered perceptual (effort) and affective responses during a sustained, isometric contraction in lower body. We also explored whether (cardiac) interoceptive awareness moderated the relationship between the perception of fatigue and effort. Using a repeated-measures study design, thirty male participants completed three experimental conditions, with the intensity of the pre-induced state of fatigue manipulated to evoke severe (SEV), moderate (MOD) and minimal (control; CON) perceptions prior to the performance of a sustained, sub-maximal contraction in the dominant knee extensors. Results: Participants’ capacity to sustain the isometric contraction was significantly impaired (vs. CON, MOD: -9.5 ± 19.1%, p=0.007; SEV: -13.7 ± 17.2%, p<0.001), with perception of effort higher (SEV, MOD vs. CON: b=-0.90, p<0.001), when perceptions of fatigue were elevated. However, the effect on performance (SEV vs. MOD: -2.5 ± 19.9%, p=0.455) and effort perception (SEV vs. MOD: b=-0.06, p=0.612) was not dependent upon the manipulated intensity of the pre-induced state of fatigue. Perceived fatigue was shown to predict the perception of effort during the endurance task. However, disassociation of perceptual constructs was evidenced with perceived effort, but not fatigue, associated with endurance time (CON: r=-0.57, p=0.004; MOD: r=-0.69, p<0.001; SEV: r=-0.59, p=0.003). Interoceptive awareness was shown to attenuate the relationship between perceived fatigue and effort, but only when fatigue was elevated within the experimental manipulations (b=-4.45, p=0.005). Conclusions: Perception of fatigue indirectly limits endurance performance by exerting influence over sensory processes making a physical task appear more effortful. Moreover, this effect is influenced by individual awareness of interoceptive representations of bodily states.

scholarly journals Relationship between Alcohol Hangover and Physical Endurance Performance: Walking the Samaria Gorge

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris C Verster ◽  
Aikaterini Anogeianaki ◽  
Darren Kruisselbrink ◽  
Chris Alford ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Stock
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Walking Performance ◽  
Alcohol Hangover

Alcohol hangover is a potentially debilitating state. Several studies have demonstrated that it does not seem to impair strength or short-term endurance, but its effects on continuous exercise performance/long-term endurance have never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess hiking performance of participants who walked the 15.8 km Samaria Gorge in Crete, Greece. Participants completed a survey in the morning before walking the Gorge, and in the afternoon after completion of the walk. Demographics, data on previous evening alcohol consumption, sleep, hangover symptoms, and walking performance were assessed. Data from N = 299 participants with a mean (SD) age of 38.9 (11.0) years were analyzed. N = 223 participants (74.6%) consumed alcohol the evening before walking the Samaria Gorge, and N = 176 (78.9%) of those reported a hangover. They consumed a mean (SD) of 3.0 (1.8) alcoholic drinks (10 g alcohol each) with a corresponding next-morning hangover severity of 4.6 (2.4) on a 0–10 scale. Participants with a hangover reported feeling significantly more exhausted after the walk compared to participants with no hangover. The groups did not significantly differ in duration of the walk, and the number and duration of breaks. Overall hangover severity, assessed either before, during, or after walking the Samaria Gorge was not significantly correlated with any walking outcome. In conclusion, hungover participants experienced significantly more exhaustion when performing physical activity at the same level as non-hungover participants.

A 9-year summary of a mentor-based 5K training program for childhood cancer survivors.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 96-96
Author(s):  
Diana Lone ◽  
Caitlin Agrawal ◽  
Linda Rivard ◽  
Julia Stepenske ◽  
Lisa Boland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Study Results

96 Background: 5-year survival rate for childhood cancers significantly improved leading to increased awareness to long-term effects associated with these diseases. Many childhood cancer survivors have significantly lower exercise capacity. The POST (Pediatric Oncology Survivorship in Transition) team at Advocate Children’s Hospital created a 5k Program to encourage survivors to return to physical activity. Participants were childhood cancer survivors who had been off therapy or cleared by their oncologist to participate, and who were greater than 9 years old. The Program had weekly 1 hour supervised training sessions and home physical activity assignments over 8-12 weeks in preparation for the 5K. Each participant invited a friend/family member to partner in training and on race day. Methods: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the 5K Program in promoting physical activity and to validate its continuation and expansion. All participants who finished the 5K (n = 68) from 2009-2017 were included in our retrospective chart review. Data collected from the medical records included diagnoses and number of times of participation. An online Qualtrics survey inquired about barriers encountered, subjective experience of having a personal coach and training partner, and additional personal comments. The IRB approved this study. Results: The survey was distributed in October 2017 and complete data collection is anticipated in November 2017. The primary outcome will reflect the effectiveness of the Program in promoting return to physical activity, measured by descriptive survey responses. Secondary outcomes include data collected by retrospective chart review. 44 of 68 (65%) participants completed the 5K multiple times. The majority of these were survivors of leukemia (31) followed by lymphoma (13), solid tumors (9), bone marrow transplant (9), brain tumors (5) and histiocytosis (1). Conclusions: While the 8-12 week program is likely too short to measure physical changes, the high percentage of participants completing multiple 5Ks demonstrates its effectiveness in improving physical endurance. Additional conclusions with full data analysis will be completed by February 2018.

The effects of herbal drugs on the extension of glycogen as a factor of non-specific protection against ccl4 hepatotoxicity in conditions of intense physical activity

10.12737/6451 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Козин ◽  
S. Kozin ◽  
Печенкина ◽  
I. Pechenkina ◽  
Буланов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Health Expectancy ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
Mice Liver

The medical-preventive administration of ginseng and eleutherococcus was studied on sub-acute carbon tetrachloride-induced mice liver injury under exhaustive physical activity. The ability of these drugs to reduce CCL4-induced decrease in health expectancy indicator of swimming mice with 7% of the cargo was identified. In this study eleutherococcus and ginseng mostly showed protective effect against a physical endurance than the comparison drug, karsil. To assess the content of glycogen in the liver tissue was carried out histo-chemical study by PAS-reaction. The ranges of reduced glycogen have pale pink color on micrographs, unlike hepatocytes with normal glycogen having deeply stained reddish color that the more intensively, the greater the amount of glycogen contained in the hepatocyte. In all groups of experimental animals treated with CCL4, is uneven loss of glycogen by hepatocytes, which correlates with the data on the mechanism of hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride. There was a significant effect of the phytoadaptogens of the distribution of glycogen under these experimental conditions. This effect may be related to the hepato-protective effect of the drugs, as well as the previously identified ability phyto-adaptogens optimize bioenergetic processes during physical exercises.

Evaluation of Acoustic Analyses of Voice in Nonoptimized Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3991-3999
Author(s):  
Benjamin van der Woerd ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Vijay Parsa ◽  
Philip C. Doyle ◽  
Kevin Fung
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Recording Conditions ◽  
Cepstral Peak Prominence

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the fidelity and accuracy of a smartphone microphone and recording environment on acoustic measurements of voice. Method A prospective cohort proof-of-concept study. Two sets of prerecorded samples (a) sustained vowels (/a/) and (b) Rainbow Passage sentence were played for recording via the internal iPhone microphone and the Blue Yeti USB microphone in two recording environments: a sound-treated booth and quiet office setting. Recordings were presented using a calibrated mannequin speaker with a fixed signal intensity (69 dBA), at a fixed distance (15 in.). Each set of recordings (iPhone—audio booth, Blue Yeti—audio booth, iPhone—office, and Blue Yeti—office), was time-windowed to ensure the same signal was evaluated for each condition. Acoustic measures of voice including fundamental frequency ( f o ), jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR), and cepstral peak prominence (CPP), were generated using a widely used analysis program (Praat Version 6.0.50). The data gathered were compared using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Two separate data sets were used. The set of vowel samples included both pathologic ( n = 10) and normal ( n = 10), male ( n = 5) and female ( n = 15) speakers. The set of sentence stimuli ranged in perceived voice quality from normal to severely disordered with an equal number of male ( n = 12) and female ( n = 12) speakers evaluated. Results The vowel analyses indicated that the jitter, shimmer, HNR, and CPP were significantly different based on microphone choice and shimmer, HNR, and CPP were significantly different based on the recording environment. Analysis of sentences revealed a statistically significant impact of recording environment and microphone type on HNR and CPP. While statistically significant, the differences across the experimental conditions for a subset of the acoustic measures (viz., jitter and CPP) have shown differences that fell within their respective normative ranges. Conclusions Both microphone and recording setting resulted in significant differences across several acoustic measurements. However, a subset of the acoustic measures that were statistically significant across the recording conditions showed small overall differences that are unlikely to have clinical significance in interpretation. For these acoustic measures, the present data suggest that, although a sound-treated setting is ideal for voice sample collection, a smartphone microphone can capture acceptable recordings for acoustic signal analysis.

scholarly journals Annual rhythms in adults’ lifestyle and health (ARIA): protocol for a 12-month longitudinal study examining temporal patterns in weight, activity, diet, and wellbeing in Australian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Curtis ◽  
Timothy Olds ◽  
François Fraysse ◽  
Dorothea Dumuid ◽  
Gilly A. Hendrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract Background Almost one in three Australian adults are now obese, and the rate continues to rise. The causes of obesity are multifaceted and include environmental, cultural and lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests there may be temporal patterns in weight gain related, for example, to season and major festivals such as Christmas, potentially due to changes in diet, daily activity patterns or both. The aim of this study is to track the annual rhythm in body weight, 24 h activity patterns, dietary patterns, and wellbeing in a cohort of Australian adults. In addition, through data linkage with a concurrent children’s cohort study, we aim to examine whether changes in children’s body mass index, activity and diet are related to those of their parents. Methods A community-based sample of 375 parents aged 18 to 65 years old, residing in or near Adelaide, Australia, and who have access to a Bluetooth-enabled mobile device or a computer and home internet, will be recruited. Across a full year, daily activities (minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, light physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) will be measured using wrist-worn accelerometry (Fitbit Charge 3). Body weight will be measured daily using Fitbit wifi scales. Self-reported dietary intake (Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies V3.2), and psychological wellbeing (WHOQOL-BREF and DASS-21) will be assessed eight times throughout the 12-month period. Annual patterns in weight will be examined using Lowess curves. Associations between changes in weight and changes in activity and diet compositions will be examined using repeated measures multi-level models. The associations between parent’s and children’s weight, activity and diet will be investigated using multi-level models. Discussion Temporal factors, such as day type (weekday or weekend day), cultural celebrations and season, may play a key role in weight gain. The aim is to identify critical opportunities for intervention to assist the prevention of weight gain. Family-based interventions may be an important intervention strategy. Trial registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, identifier ACTRN12619001430123. Prospectively registered on 16 October 2019.

scholarly journals Accuracy of emergency physicians’ self-estimates of CT scan utilization and its potential effect on an audit and feedback intervention: a randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Larkin ◽  
Alexandra M. Sanseverino ◽  
James Joseph ◽  
Lauren Eisenhauer ◽  
Martin A. Reznek
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Feedback Intervention ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Ct Utilization

Abstract Background Audit and feedback (A&F) has been used as a strategy to modify clinician behavior with moderate success. Although A&F is theorized to work by improving the accuracy of clinicians’ estimates of their own behavior, few interventions have included assessment of clinicians’ estimates at baseline to examine whether they account for intervention success or failure. We tested an A&F intervention to reduce computed tomography (CT) ordering by emergency physicians, while also examining the physicians’ baseline estimates of their own behavior compared to peers. Methods Our study was a prospective, multi-site, 20-month, randomized trial to examine the effect of an A&F intervention on CT ordering rates, overall and by test subtype. From the electronic health record, we obtained 12 months of baseline CT ordering per 100 patients treated for every physician from four emergency departments. Those who were randomized to receive A&F were shown a de-identified graph of the group’s baseline CT utilization, asked to estimate wherein the distribution of their own CT order practices fell, and then shown their actual performance. All participants also received a brief educational intervention. CT ordering rates were collected for all physicians for 6 months after the intervention. Pre-post ordering rates were compared using independent and repeated measures t tests. Results Fifty-one of 52 eligible physicians participated. The mean CT ordering rate increased significantly in both experimental conditions after the intervention (intervention pre = 35.7, post = 40.3, t = 4.13, p < 0.001; control pre = 33.9, post = 38.9, t = 3.94, p = 0.001), with no significant between-group difference observed at follow-up (t = 0.43, p = 0.67). Within the intervention group, physicians had poor accuracy in estimating their own ordering behavior at baseline: most overestimated and all guessed that they were in the upper half of the distribution of their peers. CT ordering increased regardless of self-estimate accuracy. Conclusions Our A&F intervention failed to reduce physician CT ordering: our feedback to the physicians showed most of them that they had overestimated their CT ordering behavior, and they were therefore unlikely to reduce it as a result. After “audit,” it may be prudent to assess baseline clinician awareness of behavior before moving toward a feedback intervention.

The Effects of the BAILAMOSTM Dance Program on Physical Activity Levels and Cognition of Older Latino Adults: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110209
Author(s):  
Guilherme M. Balbim ◽  
Susan Aguiñaga ◽  
Olusola A. Ajilore ◽  
Eduardo E. Bustamante ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Latino Adults ◽  
And Performance

Objective: To investigate the effects of the BAILAMOSTM dance program on physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory, and cognitive health. Methods: A parallel, two-armed pilot study was conducted with 57 older Latinos randomized to the BAILAMOSTM dance program ( n = 28) or health education (HE) ( n = 29). We conducted two- and three-way repeated-measures ANOVAs. Results: BAILAMOSTM participants increased participation in leisure moderate-to-vigorous PA (LMVPA) ( F[1,53] = 3.17, p = .048, η2 G = .01) and performance in global cognition relative to HE participants ( F[1,52] = 4.19, p = .045, η2 G = .01). Attendance moderated increases in moderate PA, MVPA, LMVPA, and total PA ( p < .05). Participants of both groups with ≥75% attendance increased participation in PA. Among participants with <75% attendance, BAILAMOSTM participants increased PA relative to HE. Discussion: BAILAMOSTM positively impacted self-reported PA and global cognition in older Latinos. Even smaller doses of dance appear to impact self-reported PA levels.

scholarly journals Test–retest reliability of laser evoked pain perception and fMRI BOLD responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhi Bi ◽  
Xin Hou ◽  
Jiahui Zhong ◽  
Li Hu
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

AbstractPain perception is a subjective experience and highly variable across time. Brain responses evoked by nociceptive stimuli are highly associated with pain perception and also showed considerable variability. To date, the test–retest reliability of laser-evoked pain perception and its associated brain responses across sessions remain unclear. Here, an experiment with a within-subject repeated-measures design was performed in 22 healthy volunteers. Radiant-heat laser stimuli were delivered on subjects’ left-hand dorsum in two sessions separated by 1–5 days. We observed that laser-evoked pain perception was significantly declined across sessions, coupled with decreased brain responses in the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1), right primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, and middle cingulate cortex. Intraclass correlation coefficients between the two sessions showed “fair” to “moderate” test–retest reliability for pain perception and brain responses. Additionally, we observed lower resting-state brain activity in the right S1 and lower resting-state functional connectivity between right S1 and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the second session than the first session. Altogether, being possibly influenced by changes of baseline mental state, laser-evoked pain perception and brain responses showed considerable across-session variability. This phenomenon should be considered when designing experiments for laboratory studies and evaluating pain abnormalities in clinical practice.

Location, Location, Location: Accelerometer Placement Affects Steps-Based Physical Activity Outcomes During Pregnancy and Postpartum

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110304
Author(s):  
Mallory R. Marshall ◽  
Alexander H. K. Montoye ◽  
Michelle R. Conway ◽  
Rebecca A. Schlaff ◽  
Karin A. Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Intensity Classification ◽  
Measurement Validity

As pregnancy progresses, physical changes may affect physical activity (PA) measurement validity. n = 11 pregnant women (30.1 ± 3.8 years) wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the right hip, right ankle, and non-dominant wrist for 3–7 days during the second and third trimesters (21 and 32 weeks, respectively) and 12 weeks postpartum. Data were downloaded into 60-second epochs from which stepping cadence was calculated; repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences among placements. At all time points, the wrist accelerometer measured significantly more daily steps (9930–10 452 steps/d) and faster average stepping cadence (14.5–14.6 steps/min) than either the hip (4972–5944 steps/d, 7.1–8.6 steps/min) or ankle (7161–8205 steps/d, 10.3–11.9 steps/min) placement, while moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity at the wrist (1.2–1.7 min/d) was significantly less than either hip (3.0–5.9 min/d) or ankle (6.1–7.3 min/d). Steps, cadence, and counts were significantly lower for the hip than the ankle at all time points. Kappa calculated for agreement in intensity classification between the various pairwise comparisons ranged from .06 to .41, with Kappa for hip–ankle agreement (.34–.41) significantly higher than for wrist–ankle (.09–.11) or wrist–hip (.06–.16). These data indicate that wrist accelerometer placement during pregnancy likely results in over counting of PA parameters and should be used with caution.

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