Use of Cytology in the Diagnosis of Basal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in the white population. Nonsurgical treatments are first-line alternatives in superficial BCC (sBCC); therefore, differentiating between sBCC and non-sBCC is of major relevance for the clinician. Scraping cytology possesses several advantages, such as an earlier diagnosis and scarring absence, in comparison to a biopsy. Nevertheless, previous studies reported difficulties in differentiating the different BCC subtypes. The objective of this study was to determine the capability and accuracy of scraping cytology to differentiate between sBCC and non-sBCC. Methods: In this retrospective study, cytological samples of histologically confirmed BCC were examined. Select cytological features were correlated to BCC subtypes (sBCC or non-sBCC). Results: A total of 84 BCC samples were included (29 sBCC; 55 non-sBCC). An inverse correlation between the diagnosis of sBCC and the presence of mucin, dehiscence, and grade of atypia in the basal cells was observed. The presence of medium and large basal cell clusters correlated directly to a sBCC diagnosis. The presence of clear cells is strongly associated with sBCC. Therefore, Conclusion: Scraping cytology is reliable in differentiating sBCC from other BCC subtypes.

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Basal cell carcinoma trends in Thailand: a 10-year retrospective study of demographic, clinical and histopathological features

Dermatology Reports ◽

10.4081/dr.2022.9413 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anakaporn Tiyawatanaroj ◽

Poonnawis Sudtikoonaseth ◽

Onjuta Chayangsu

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Melanocytic Nevus ◽

P Value ◽

Histological Subtype ◽

Common Skin ◽

Histological Variant ◽

Histological Data

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer with globally increasing incidence. To date, the information regarding BCC in Thailand is limited.Objective: To evaluate the demographic, clinical, histopathological trends of BCC and other contributing factors.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the demographic, clinical and histological data of all BCC outpatients from January 2009 to December 2018.Results: From 278 BCC patients recruited to this study, most of them (71.6%) were older than 60 years old. The most common histological subtype was nodular BCC (63.3%). A statistically significant association was observed between histological variant and location of the tumor; H and M area were associated with nodular BCC, L area was related to superficial subtype (p-value < 0.001). Misdiagnosis of BCC was observed in 53 cases, mostly as melanocytic nevus (30.2%), and about quarter (26.4%) was made by board-certified dermatologists.Conclusions: Nodular BCC is significantly associated with H and M area, while superficial subtype is related to L location. Quarter of the patients already have large tumors at their first presentation. Misdiagnosis of BCC is not uncommon.

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Long-Term Results after Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid in Southwestern Finland

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/112067210701700403 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 494-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. Paavilainen ◽

J. Tuominen ◽

V.V. Aho ◽

K.M. Saari

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Recurrence Rate ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Long Term Results ◽

White Population ◽

Common Skin ◽

The Mean

Purpose Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer of the eyelid, showing an increasing incidence in the white population. The authors studied the clinical characteristics and the treatment results of BCC of the eyelid in southwestern Finland during 1977–1997. Methods The authors reviewed the case records of 191 patients with BCC of the eyelids treated at the Turku University Eye Clinic during 1977–1997. The mean follow-up period after the treatment was 8.6±5.2 years. Results The 191 patients had altogether 194 BCC tumors of the eyelid with the mean diameter of the tumor being smaller than 10 mm in 77.3% of cases. Of the 194 BCC tumors of the eyelid 16.0% showed recurrence, and the recurrence rate of all surgically treated tumors was 13.7%. In this study 61 patients (31.9%) developed other malignancies than the BCC of the eyelid including 28 patients (14.7 %) with carcinoma in other locations than skin. Conclusions Incompletely removed BCCs of the eyelid showed only 18.9% recurrence rate during the follow-up time. On the other hand, BCCs of the eyelid should not be underestimated because of the rather high total recurrence rate. The frequency of 31.9% of other malignancies than BCC of the eyelid is remarkably high and requires special attention from the ophthalmologist taking care of the patient with BCC of the eyelid.

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BOWENOID BASAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE THUMB: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Hand Surgery ◽

10.1142/s0218810402001060 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 295-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Galeano ◽

M. Colonna ◽

M. Lentini ◽

F. Stagno D'Alcontres

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Basal Layer ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Skin Malignancy ◽

Root Sheath ◽

Common Skin

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy arising from cells of the basal layer of the epithelium or from the external root sheath of the hair follicle. BCC of the digit is a rare entity. The article presents one such case of bowenoid BCC of the thumb which required amputation at the MP joint.

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Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Sole: An Easily Missed Cancer

Case Reports in Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000450697 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 283-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Natalie L. Hone ◽

Radhika Grandhi ◽

Adam A. Ingraffea

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

The Sun ◽

Common Skin ◽

Ultraviolet Ray ◽

Solar Ultraviolet ◽

Sole Of The Foot

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, and solar ultraviolet ray exposure is the most significant risk factor for its development. The plantar foot is infrequently exposed to the sun, thus the presence of BCC on the sole is rare. We report a case of BCC on the sole of the foot and its treatment in the hope to facilitate its detection.

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Dermoscopic Features of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis ◽

10.2478/afmnai-2018-0029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 273-281

Author(s):

Danica Tiodorović ◽

Andrija Jović ◽

Danijela Popović ◽

Hristina Kocić ◽

Aleksandra Ignjatović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Skin Tumors ◽

Clinical Type ◽

Reliable Diagnosis ◽

The Moment

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the dermoscopic features in patients with pathohistologically confirmed basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Our retrospective study included 54 patients with 76 BCCs in total, diagnosed in 2016 and 2017. All lesions were classified into four clinical types: nodular, pigmented, superficial and infiltrative. Digital dermoscopic images were evaluated by three observers. We selected five dermoscopic features for analysis, including: the absence of pigment network, the presence of arborizing vessels, blue-gray globules and ovoid nests, leaf-like areas and ulcerations. In the total of 54 patients, there were 22 females and 32 males. At the moment of establishing the diagnosis, the patients’ age was in the range from 31 to 84 years (median age 67 years). The most frequent clinical type was the nodular type with 28 confirmed diagnoses. Nodular BCC was more frequently localized on the head and neck areas compared to the trunk and limbs (p < 0.01). Dermoscopically, the absence of pigmented network was verified in all cases. Arborizing vessels were present in 71 (93.4%) lesions, blue-gray globules and ovoid nests in 33 (42.1%), ulcerations in 44 (57.9%), and leaf-like areas in 5 (6.6%) lesions. Blue-gray globules and ovoid nests were significantly frequent in pigmented BCC in comparison to other clinical types of BCC (p < 0.01). In conclusion, using dermoscopy, it is entirely possible to make a reliable diagnosis of BCC as well as to differentiate it from others skin tumors.

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Single versus Multiple Level Sectioning for the Subtyping of Basal-Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study

Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000503320 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 236 (3) ◽

pp. 237-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lieke C.J. van Delft ◽

Patty J. Nelemans ◽

Myrurgia Abdul Hamid ◽

Nicole W.J. Kelleners-Smeets

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Punch Biopsy ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Treatment Objective ◽

Optimal Approach ◽

Single Versus

Background: The histological subtype of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) is often based on a punch biopsy; only a small part is evaluated, possibly leading to misclassification. Consensus on the optimal approach to process punch biopsies is lacking, though accurate subtyping is important for appropriate treatment. Objective: The aim is to investigate whether evaluating 4 levels of a punch biopsy instead of 1 or 2 levels leads to more accurate subtyping of BCC. Methods: In a retrospective study we evaluated 87 punch biopsies of histologically confirmed BCCs. The primary outcome was the proportion of “more aggressive” BCCs (nonsuperficial vs. superficial, infiltrative vs. nodular subtype) that was missed by evaluation on 1 or 2 levels, using 4-level diagnosis as reference standard. Results: Eighty-five cases were available for analysis. Subtyping based on 1 level resulted in discrepancies with 4-level diagnosis in 16.5% of all cases. Underdiagnosis occurred in 14 of 58 nonsuperficial BCCs (24.1%, 95% CI: 13.9–37.2). Seven of 38 nodular BCCs (18.4%, 95% CI: 7.74–34.3) were diagnosed as superficial in 1 level, and 7 of 20 infiltrative BCCs (35%, 95% CI: 15.4–59.2) were diagnosed as superficial (n = 2) or nodular (n = 5) in 1 level. Conclusion: In order to maximize correct subtyping and plan appropriate treatment, we advise to evaluate at least 2, but preferably more, levels of a punch biopsy to determine the BCC subtype.

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Expression of Maspin and Ezrin Proteins in Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma

Dermatology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2014/596564 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mansooreh Bagheri ◽

Masoomeh Eghtedari ◽

Mandana Bagheri ◽

Bita Geramizadeh ◽

Mohammadreza Talebnejad

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Detection System ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Margin Involvement ◽

Ezrin Expression ◽

Maspin Expression ◽

Periocular Region

Background.The aim of this study was to investigate maspin and ezrin expression in different subtypes of periocular basal cell carcinoma (BCC).Methods.Tissue samples from 43 patients with periocular BCC. Our cases were comprised of 10 morpheaform, 25 nodular, and 8 adenoid type BCCs. Immunohistochemical staining for maspin and ezrin was performed by Envision detection system.Results.There was no difference between different subtypes of BCC in maspin expression regarding positivity, intensity, and pattern of expression. Ezrin was expressed in all subtypes of BCC but the intensity was significantly higher in morpheaform BCC compared to nodular and adenoid types (P<0.001andP=0.012, resp.); ninety percent of morpheaform samples showed strong ezrin intensity, while this strong intensity was only present in 25% and 12% of adenoid and nodular subtypes, respectively. There was no correlation between age, sex, or tumor margin involvement and expression of neither maspin nor ezrin. There was no correlation between maspin and ezrin expression except in nodular type, in which an inverse correlation was found(P=0.004).Conclusion.Ezrin is expressed intensely in morpheaform BCC of periocular region. Further studies are needed to show the significance of this finding in prognosis of morpheaform BCC.

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