Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Hybrid Scaffolds for Tissue Engineered Heart Valve (TEHV)

In addition to biocompatibility, an ideal scaffold for the regeneration of valvular tissue should also replicate the natural heart valve extracellular matrix (ECM) in terms of biomechanical properties and structural stability. In our previous paper, we demonstrated the development of collagen type I and hyaluronic acid (HA)-based scaffolds with interlaced microstructure. Such hybrid scaffolds were found to be compatible with cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) to potentially regenerate the diseased aortic heart valve. This paper focused on the quantification of the effect of crosslinking density on the mechanical properties under dry and wet conditions as well as degradation resistance. Elastic moduli increased with increasing crosslinking densities, in the dry and wet state, for parent networks, whereas those of interlaced scaffolds were higher than either network alone. Compressive and storage moduli ranged from 35 ± 5 to 95 ± 5 kPa and 16 ± 2 kPa to 113 ± 6 kPa, respectively, in the dry state. Storage moduli, in the dry state, matched and exceeded those of human aortic valve leaflets (HAVL). Similarly, degradation resistance increased with increasing the crosslinking densities for collagen-only and HA-only scaffolds. Interlaced scaffolds showed partial degradation in the presence of either collagenase or hyaluronidase as compared to when exposed to both enzymes together. These results agree with our previous findings that interlaced scaffolds were composed of independent collagen and HA networks without crosslinking between them. Thus, collagen/HA interlaced scaffolds have the potential to fill in the niche for designing an ideal tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV).

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Collagen type I and hyaluronic acid based hybrid scaffolds for heart valve tissue engineering

Biopolymers ◽

10.1002/bip.23278 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 110 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rabia Nazir ◽

Arne Bruyneel ◽

Carolyn Carr ◽

Jan Czernuszka

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Type I ◽

Valve Tissue ◽

Heart Valve Tissue ◽

Heart Valve Tissue Engineering ◽

Hybrid Scaffolds

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A human pericardium biopolymeric scaffold for autologous heart valve tissue engineering: cellular and extracellular matrix structure and biomechanical properties in comparison with a normal aortic heart valve

Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition ◽

10.1080/09205063.2018.1429732 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 599-634

Author(s):

Frantisek Straka ◽

David Schornik ◽

Jaroslav Masin ◽

Elena Filova ◽

Tomas Mirejovsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Matrix Structure ◽

Valve Tissue ◽

Aortic Heart Valve ◽

Heart Valve Tissue ◽

Heart Valve Tissue Engineering ◽

Human Pericardium

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Heart valve bioprothesis; effect of different acellularizations methods on the biomechanical and morphological properties of porcine aortic and pulmonary valve

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences ◽

10.2478/v10175-010-0032-4 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 337-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Wilczek

Keyword(s):

Heart Valve ◽

Pulmonary Valve ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Tissue Type ◽

Valve Prosthesis ◽

Promising Tool ◽

Different Types ◽

Tissue Engineered Heart Valve ◽

New Type

Heart valve bioprothesis; effect of different acellularizations methods on the biomechanical and morphological properties of porcine aortic and pulmonary valveTissue engineering is a promising tool for the creation of a new type of the heart valve bioprothesis. The biological scaffold composed of decellularized tissue has been successfully used for the constructions of the valve prosthesis. An analysis of the efficiency of the valve leaflet acellularization methods and the influence of those methods on the morphology and the biomechanical properties of the ECM (extra cellular matrix) was performed. Fresh porcine hearts obtained from a slaughterhouse were used in the experiments. The efficiency of the acellularization methods was dependent on the tissue type and the acellularoization methods used. The more effective were the enzymatic methods, both because of the cell removal efficiency and the effect on the biomechanical properties of the heart valve. The differences in the biomechanical and morphological properties of the porcine aortic and the pulmonary valve after different types of the acellularization process could influence the hemodynamic conditions of the heart after the valve replacement, which limited the range of the tissue types used for the creations of the tissue engineered heart valve.

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Immunolocalization of Elastin, Collagen Type I and Type III, Fibronectin, and Vitronectin in Extracellular Matrix Components of Normal and Myxomatous Mitral Heart Valve Chordae Tendineae

Cardiovascular Pathology ◽

10.1016/s1054-8807(99)00003-4 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 203-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Saeed Akhtar ◽

Keith M Meek ◽

V James

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Type I ◽

Chordae Tendineae ◽

Type Iii ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Matrix Components

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The size-speed-force relationship governs migratory cell response to tumorigenic factors

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e16-10-0694 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1612-1621 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Aldo Leal-Egaña ◽

Gaelle Letort ◽

Jean-Louis Martiel ◽

Andreas Christ ◽

Timothée Vignaud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Tumor Development ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Population Heterogeneity ◽

Type I ◽

Normal Human Breast ◽

Wide Range ◽

Contractile Forces

Tumor development progresses through a complex path of biomechanical changes leading first to cell growth and contraction and then cell deadhesion, scattering, and invasion. Tumorigenic factors may act specifically on one of these steps or have a wider spectrum of actions, leading to a variety of effects and thus sometimes to apparent contradictory outcomes. Here we used micropatterned lines of collagen type I/fibronectin on deformable surfaces to standardize cell behavior and measure simultaneously cell size, speed of motion and magnitude of the associated traction forces at the level of a single cell. We analyzed and compared the normal human breast cell line MCF10A in control conditions and in response to various tumorigenic factors. In all conditions, a wide range of biomechanical properties was identified. Despite this heterogeneity, normal and transformed motile cells followed a common trend whereby size and contractile forces were negatively correlated with cell speed. Some tumorigenic factors, such as activation of ErbB2 or loss of the βsubunit of casein kinase 2, shifted the whole population toward a faster speed and lower contractility state. Treatment with transforming growth factor β induced some cells to adopt opposing behaviors such as extremely high versus extremely low contractility. Thus tumor transformation amplified preexisting population heterogeneity and led some cells to exhibit biomechanical properties that were more extreme than those observed with normal cells.

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A Multiscale Finite Element Simulation of Human Aortic Heart Valve

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.367.275 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 367 ◽

pp. 275-279

Author(s):

Shahrokh Shahi ◽

Soheil Mohammadi

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Heart Valve ◽

Heart Valves ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Aortic Heart Valve ◽

Multiscale Finite Element ◽

Local Cell ◽

Scale Motion ◽

Human Aortic Valve ◽

Tissue Engineered Heart Valves

Some of the heart valve diseases can be treated by surgical replacement with either a mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV). Recently, tissue-engineered heart valves (TEHVs) have been proposed to be the ultimate solution for treating valvular heart disease. In order to improve the durability and design of artificial heart valves, recent studies have focused on quantifying the biomechanical interaction between the organ, tissue, and cellular –level components in native heart valves. Such data is considered fundamental to designing improved BHVs. Mechanical communication from the larger scales affects active biomechanical processes. For instance any organ-scale motion deforms the tissue, which in turn deforms the interstitial cells (ICs). Therefore, a multiscale solution is required to study the behavior of human aortic valve and to predict local cell deformations. The proposed multiscale finite element approach takes into account large deformations and nonlinear anisotropic hyperelastic material models. In this simulation, the organ scale motion is computed, from which the tissue scale deformation will be extracted. Similarly, the tissue deformation will be transformed into the cell scale. Finally, each simulation is verified against a number of experimental measures.

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Arginine Supplementation Promotes Extracellular Matrix and Metabolic Changes in Keratoconus

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10082076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 2076

Author(s):

Tina B. McKay ◽

Shrestha Priyadarsini ◽

Tyler Rowsey ◽

Dimitrios Karamichos

Keyword(s):

Corneal Stroma ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Type I ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Corneal Fibroblasts ◽

Steady State Levels ◽

Vitro Model ◽

Arginine Supplementation

Keratoconus (KC) is a common corneal ectatic disease that affects 1:500–1:2000 people worldwide and is associated with a progressive thinning of the corneal stroma that may lead to severe astigmatism and visual deficits. Riboflavin-mediated collagen crosslinking currently remains the only approved treatment to halt progressive corneal thinning associated with KC by improving the biomechanical properties of the stroma. Treatments designed to increase collagen deposition by resident corneal stromal keratocytes remain elusive. In this study, we evaluated the effects of arginine supplementation on steady-state levels of arginine and arginine-related metabolites (e.g., ornithine, proline, hydroxyproline, spermidine, and putrescine) and collagen protein expression by primary human corneal fibroblasts isolated from KC and non-KC (healthy) corneas and cultured in an established 3D in vitro model. We identified lower cytoplasmic arginine and spermidine levels in KC-derived constructs compared to healthy controls, which corresponded with overall higher gene expression of arginase. Arginine supplementation led to a robust increase in cytoplasmic arginine, ornithine, and spermidine levels in controls only and a significant increase in collagen type I secretion in KC-derived constructs. Further studies evaluating safety and efficacy of arginine supplementation are required to elucidate the potential therapeutic applications of modulating collagen deposition in the context of KC.

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Integration of Biomechanical and Biological Characterization in the Development of Porous Poly(caprolactone)-Based Membranes for Abdominal Wall Hernia Treatment

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2018/2450176 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Federico Vozzi ◽

Tiziana Nardo ◽

Ilenia Guerrazzi ◽

Claudio Domenici ◽

Silvia Rocchiccioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Wall ◽

Abdominal Wall Hernia ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Collagen Type I ◽

Porous Membrane ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Type I ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Intermediate Surface

Aims. Synthetic meshes are the long-standing choice for the clinical treatment of abdominal wall hernias: the associated long-term complications have stimulated the development of a new generation of bioresorbable prostheses. In this work, polycaprolactone (PCL) porous membranes prepared by solvent casting/porogen leaching of PCL/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blends with different compositions (different PCL/PEG weight ratios and PEG molecular weights) were investigated to be applied in the field. An optimal porous membrane structure was selected based on the evaluation of physicochemical, biomechanical, and in vitro biological properties, compared to a reference commercially available hernia mesh (CMC). Findings. Selected PCL7-2i membranes, derived from PCL/PEG 70/30 (PCL: Mw 70,000-90,000 Da; PEG: 35,000 Da), showed suitable pore size for the application, intermediate surface hydrophilicity, and biomimetic mechanical properties. In vitro cell tests performed on PCL7-2i membranes showed their cytocompatibility, high cell growth during 21 days, a reduced production of proinflammatory IL-6 with respect to CMC, and a significant secretion of collagen type I. Conclusions. PCL7-2i membranes showed biomimetic biomechanical properties and in vitro biological properties similar to or even better than - in the case of anti-inflammatory behavior and collagen production - CMC, a commercially available product, suggesting potentially improved integration in the host tissue.

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