scholarly journals Effects of Seedling Age on Colonization Patterns of Citrus limon Plants by Endophytic Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and Their Influence on Seedlings Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Bamisope Steve Bamisile ◽  
Komivi Senyo Akutse ◽  
Chandra Kanta Dash ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Colonization Success ◽  
Colonization Patterns

The inoculation methods, the fungal strains, and several other factors are known to influent the success of fungal entomopathogens colonization in plants. The physiological status of the plant could also be another determinant. In the present study, the ability of three strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Metarhizium anisopliae to successfully colonize Citrus limon plants and the influence of seedling age on endophytic colonization success was examined. Three, 4, and 6 months old seedlings were inoculated with 10 mL of 1 × 108 conidial·mL−1 suspensions of each of the four fungal strains via foliar spraying. All fungal strains successfully colonized citrus seedlings and were sustained up to 2 months in colonized plants irrespective of the seedling age, with differences in the mean percentage colonization recorded at various post-inoculation periods among the fungal strains. The highest percent endophytic fungi recovery rate was recorded in the 3 months old seedlings, where fungal mycelia of inoculated fungi were successfully re-isolated from 65.6% of the untreated newly developed leaf and stem tissues. One strain of B. bassiana, BB Fafu-12, significantly improved seedling height and leaf number. The study demonstrates the influence of seedling age on B. bassiana and M. anisopliae successful colonization in the citrus plant.

scholarly journals Endophytic Beauveria bassiana in Foliar-Treated Citrus limon Plants Acting as a Growth Suppressor to Three Successive Generations of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamisope Steve Bamisile ◽  
Chandra Kanta Dash ◽  
Komivi Senyo Akutse ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
The Impact

Entomopathogenic fungi are commonly applied as inundative sprays to protect plants against insect pests. Their artificial establishment as fungal endophytes to provide other benefits to the host plants aside mere protection against the primary pests has also been widely demonstrated. In the present study, two fungal strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Isaria fumosorosea were assessed in a pathogenicity test against adults of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) and found to induce 50% reduction in the survival rate of D. citri adults within 5 days of exposure. The ability of the three fungal strains to endophytically colonize Citrus limon, the impact on plant growth and the effects of systemic colonization on 3 successive generations of D. citri feeding on colonized plants was evaluated. Citrus seedlings at 4 months post-planting were inoculated with each of the fungal strains via foliar spraying. Both strains of B. bassiana successfully colonized the seedlings. One of the B. bassiana strains (BB Fafu-13) was sustained up to 12 weeks in the colonized seedlings, whereas the other B. bassiana strain (BB Fafu-16) was only recovered up to 8 weeks post-inoculation. Isaria fumosorosea (IF Fafu-1) failed to colonize the plant. Both strains of B. bassiana induced significant improvement in plant height and flush production in endophytically colonized seedlings. In addition, endophytic B. bassiana caused 10–15% D. citri adult mortality within 7 days of exposure. Female D. citri feeding on B. bassiana challenged plants laid fewer eggs as compared to those feeding on endophyte-free seedlings, while reduction in adult emergence was recorded on B. bassiana treated plants. With this study, we present the first evidence of B. bassiana artificial establishment as fungal endophyte in citrus plants and its negative effects on D. citri.

scholarly journals Existence of entomopathogen fungi, Beauveria bassiana as an endophyte in cacao seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Endang Sulistyowati ◽  
Febrilia Nur AINI
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogen

Beauveria bassiana is one of the entomopathogen fungi which is known as biological control agent of cocoa pod borer and cocoa mirids (Helopeltis spp.). Because of its effectiveness in the fields is still not consistent, so we conduct a research with the objective to know the possibility of Beauveria bassiana to be established as a endophyte. Various fungal entomopathogens have already been reported as endophytes and the various methods used to inoculate the plants with B. bassiana were partially effective. The research has been conducted in laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute by inoculating of cocoa seeds and cocoa nursery with B. bassiana suspension.  The trial was arranged  by randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement. The factor were spore concentration of B. bassiana (0; 2; and 4 g/ 10 l) and cocoa varieties (family of ICS 60, TSH858, and hybrid). The trial were use  four replications. The results showed that the fungal entomopathogen B. bassiana was established as an endophyte in cocoa seedling, both from cocoa seeds and nursery application. Percentage of existence of B. bassiana colonies as endophytes one month after seeds application were ICS 60 amounted to 93.3 % both on concentration treatments, while the families of TSH 858 by 80 % and 86.67 % respectively in 2 g and 4 g per 10 l of B. bassiana spores concentration treament.. The lowest percentage was in hybrids, which amounted to 66.67% and 50%. B. bassiana colonies was exixtence as an endophyte in culture from root, stem and leaves of cocoa seedling up to 5 months post inoculation. While the application on nursery by soil drenshing, leaf spraying, and stem injection , it was known that B. bassiana colonies were found in the tissues of leaves, stems, and roots until two months after application. Colonies of B. bassiana as endophytes still exsist until six weeks after nursery was planted in the field. 

scholarly journals Evaluación de la actividad biocontroladora de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae sobre larvas de Ancognatha scarabaeiodes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Any Mercedes Lucero Mafla ◽  
Luis Alberto Peña Villamil ◽  
Tito Bacca Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Lethal Doses

<p>Actualmente, en los municipios del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), en los cultivos de trigo y papa que son los principales sistemas de producción, se presentan altas infestaciones de poblaciones de chisas encontrándose hasta 350 larvas/m2, representando un factor limitante para la producción de los cultivos. Una alternativa promisoria para el manejo de esta plaga es la utilización de métodos biológicos que incluyen el uso de hongos entomopatógenos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue el de evaluar el efecto de <em>Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae </em>sobre larvas de <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>en laboratorio e invernadero. Los aislamientos de hongos se obtuvieron de larvas infectadas en los municipios de Yacuanquer y Ospina. En el laboratorio, se seleccionaron 5 de 9 aislamientos de hongos: Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 y Bb10 que presentaron mortalidades superiores al 50%, éstas se evaluaron a concentraciones de 1x105 a 1x1010 esporas/ml. El porcentaje acumulado de mortalidad a los 18 días después de la inoculación fueron: del 100% para Bb cosmo, Mt1 y Mt2 en la concentración de 1x1010 esporas/ml y del 90% para Bb4 y Bb10 en la concentración de 1x109 esporas/ml, presentando concentraciones letales 90(CL90) de 1.1x1010, 7.3x109, 2.2x1010, 3.9x1010 y 4.3x1010 esporas/ml respectivamente. En invernadero se evaluaron los mismos microorganismos con sus respectivas concentraciones letales 50(CL50) y 90(CL90), encontrándose porcentajes de mortalidad del 76.00%, 67.50%, 63.50%, 59.00% y 53.50% para Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 y Bb10. Estos resultados indican la posibilidad de incluir estos biocontroladores nativos en el manejo integrado de las chisas en Nariño.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluation of the biocontrol activity of <em>Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, on larvae of <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).</strong></p><p>High grub populations of coleopteran, frequently attack crops of wheat and potato in the Department of Nariño, Colombia. Reports indicate that infestations levels reach more than 350 larvae/ m2, which severely reduce crop yields. Use of biological control measurements as fungal entomopathogens seems to be a promising alternative for management of this pest. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>and <em>Metarhizium anisopliae </em>on larvae of <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>both in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Isolates of entomopathogen fungus were obtained from infected larvae in the municipalities of Yacuanquer and Ospina. A sample of 5 isolates, which previously had shown to cause mortality rates higher than 50%, was selected in the laboratory: Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 and Bb10. Isolates concentrations from 1x105 to 1x1010 spores/ml were tested. The cumulative mortality percentage (at 18 days after the inoculation) ranged from 100% with Bb cosmo, Mt1 and Mt2 at concentrations of 1x1010 spores/ml to 90% with Bb4 and Bb10 at concentrations of 1x109 spores/ml. Lethal doses 90 (LD90) of 1.1x1010, 7.3x109, 2.2x1010, 3.9x1010 and 4.3x1010 spores/ml were calculated for each isolate, respectively. An evaluation of the biocontrol activity of the isolates was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Mortality percentages obtained reached 76%, 67.5%, 63.5%, 59% and 53.5% for Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 and Bb10, respectively. These results suggest that the use of native biocontrolers is a promising alternative to be included in the integrated management for white grubs in Nariño.</p>

scholarly journals Endophytic Colonization of Solanum Tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) Plants Can Affect the Infestation of Serious Pests

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Mantzoukas Spiridon
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Endophytic Colonization ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens

The present study investigates the effects of the fungal entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea, following their endophytic colonization of the Solanum tuberosum L plants. Our results showed the studied fungal species isolates had no effects in promoting or suppressing the growth of S. tuberosum potato but affect the infestation of the serious pests.  

Evaluación de hongos entomopatógenos para el control biológico del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Martha Giselle Rivera Pineda ◽  
Sandra Patricia Garzón Lozano ◽  
Luz Inés Villarreal Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae

En busca de una alternativa de control del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus en áreas urbanas se desarrolló el proyecto: “Evaluación de microorganismos biocontroladores sobre el mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus” cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad biocontroladora de diferentes hongos entomopatógenos sobre larvas del mosquito a nivel de laboratorio. Se evaluaron 16 aislamientos de hongos en diferentes concentraciones. Se constataron diferencias en el porcentaje de mortalidad producido en larvas de Cx. quinquefasciatus dependientes del tipo de aislamiento, de la concentración utilizada y del tiempo de exposición. Los aislamientos que presentaron el nivel de mortalidad más alto pertenecen a la especie Metarhizium anisopliae, seguidos por aislamientos de la especie Beauveria bassiana. El aislamiento que presentó el mayor nivel de mortalidad (100%) en menor tiempo de exposición (24 horas) fue Metarhizium anisopliae 99068 en una concentración de 1x106 e/ml. Por lo tanto este aislamiento es recomendado para su evaluación en campo y desarrollo de un producto comercial.

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

scholarly journals Entomopathogenic fungi as the microbial frontline against the alien Eucalyptus pest Gonipterus platensis in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Jordan ◽  
Paula Leite dos Santos ◽  
Leiliane Rodrigues dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Mauricio Magalhães Domingues ◽  
Bianca Cristina Costa Gêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Conidial Production ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Infected Adult

AbstractThe eucalyptus snout beetle (ESB), Gonipterus platensis, is endemic to Australia but has become a major invasive, destructive pest of Brazilian eucalyptus plantations. Efforts to develop insecticides based on entomopathogenic fungi against ESB are limited by the lack of known virulent strains. We therefore explored the virulence of indigenous Brazilian strains of major entomopathogenic fungi—Beauveria spp. and Metarhizium anisopliae—against ESB adults. We found widely varying virulence and later capacities for conidial production on infected adult cadavers. Two strains stood out, B. bassiana IBCB-240 and M. anisopliae IBCB-364, as especially lethal for ESB adults under laboratory conditions, sporulated abundantly on infected insects, and also outperformed comparable strains used in commercial mycoinsecticides. Notably, B. bassiana IBCB-240 exhibited lower LT50 values at low inoculum levels (≤ 107 conidia mL−1) and smaller LC50 values than M. anisopliae IBCB-364. Taken together, this study emphasizes natural variation in virulence among indigenous Beauveria and Metarhizium strains against ESB adults and identifies fungal strains with superior lethality to existing commercialized strains for managing this eucalyptus pest in Brazil.

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