scholarly journals Evaluación de la actividad biocontroladora de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae sobre larvas de Ancognatha scarabaeiodes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Any Mercedes Lucero Mafla ◽  
Luis Alberto Peña Villamil ◽  
Tito Bacca Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Lethal Doses

<p>Actualmente, en los municipios del departamento de Nariño (Colombia), en los cultivos de trigo y papa que son los principales sistemas de producción, se presentan altas infestaciones de poblaciones de chisas encontrándose hasta 350 larvas/m2, representando un factor limitante para la producción de los cultivos. Una alternativa promisoria para el manejo de esta plaga es la utilización de métodos biológicos que incluyen el uso de hongos entomopatógenos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue el de evaluar el efecto de <em>Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae </em>sobre larvas de <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>en laboratorio e invernadero. Los aislamientos de hongos se obtuvieron de larvas infectadas en los municipios de Yacuanquer y Ospina. En el laboratorio, se seleccionaron 5 de 9 aislamientos de hongos: Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 y Bb10 que presentaron mortalidades superiores al 50%, éstas se evaluaron a concentraciones de 1x105 a 1x1010 esporas/ml. El porcentaje acumulado de mortalidad a los 18 días después de la inoculación fueron: del 100% para Bb cosmo, Mt1 y Mt2 en la concentración de 1x1010 esporas/ml y del 90% para Bb4 y Bb10 en la concentración de 1x109 esporas/ml, presentando concentraciones letales 90(CL90) de 1.1x1010, 7.3x109, 2.2x1010, 3.9x1010 y 4.3x1010 esporas/ml respectivamente. En invernadero se evaluaron los mismos microorganismos con sus respectivas concentraciones letales 50(CL50) y 90(CL90), encontrándose porcentajes de mortalidad del 76.00%, 67.50%, 63.50%, 59.00% y 53.50% para Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 y Bb10. Estos resultados indican la posibilidad de incluir estos biocontroladores nativos en el manejo integrado de las chisas en Nariño.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluation of the biocontrol activity of <em>Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, on larvae of <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).</strong></p><p>High grub populations of coleopteran, frequently attack crops of wheat and potato in the Department of Nariño, Colombia. Reports indicate that infestations levels reach more than 350 larvae/ m2, which severely reduce crop yields. Use of biological control measurements as fungal entomopathogens seems to be a promising alternative for management of this pest. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>and <em>Metarhizium anisopliae </em>on larvae of <em>Ancognatha scarabaeoides </em>both in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Isolates of entomopathogen fungus were obtained from infected larvae in the municipalities of Yacuanquer and Ospina. A sample of 5 isolates, which previously had shown to cause mortality rates higher than 50%, was selected in the laboratory: Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 and Bb10. Isolates concentrations from 1x105 to 1x1010 spores/ml were tested. The cumulative mortality percentage (at 18 days after the inoculation) ranged from 100% with Bb cosmo, Mt1 and Mt2 at concentrations of 1x1010 spores/ml to 90% with Bb4 and Bb10 at concentrations of 1x109 spores/ml. Lethal doses 90 (LD90) of 1.1x1010, 7.3x109, 2.2x1010, 3.9x1010 and 4.3x1010 spores/ml were calculated for each isolate, respectively. An evaluation of the biocontrol activity of the isolates was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Mortality percentages obtained reached 76%, 67.5%, 63.5%, 59% and 53.5% for Mt1, Bb cosmo, Mt2, Bb4 and Bb10, respectively. These results suggest that the use of native biocontrolers is a promising alternative to be included in the integrated management for white grubs in Nariño.</p>

scholarly journals Manejo integrado de chisas en fincas de minifundio del departamento de Nariño (Colombia)

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Any Mercedes Lucero
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
White Grubs

<p>La ‘chiza’ o ‘cuzo’ (<em>Astaena sp</em>.) constituye un problema insectil de importancia económica en el departamento de Nariño, especialmente en los suelos que han sufrido procesos de degradación con pérdida de materia orgánica. En los municipios de Ospina y Yacuanquer las chisas ocasionan daños de 91% y 62% en cultivos de trigo y papa, respectivamente. Para su control, los agricultores utilizan productos químicos como única alternativa, lo que ha generado impactos negativos: incremento de los costos de producción, reducción de los rendimientos agrícolas, necesidad de mayor cantidad de semilla y fertilizante, pérdida del valor comercial de los predios y disminución de la fauna benéfica que controlaban las chisas en niveles inocuos a los cultivos. En los ensayos de campo se aplicaron microorganismos entomopatógenos nativos (<em>Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae </em>y <em>Steinernema sp</em>.), utilizando tamo de trigo descompuesto para su establecimiento. Con la aplicación de los hongos se logró un porcentaje de mortalidad de la plaga de 28,75% en el municipio de Ospina y de 14,67% en el municipio de Yacuanquer, frente a la aplicación de clorpirifos cuyo porcentaje de mortalidad fue de 28,89% en el municipio de Ospina y 18,82% en el municipio de Yacuanquer. Con el nematodo (<em>Steinernema sp</em>.) se alcanzó una mortalidad de 17,27% en Ospina y 12,74% en Yacuanquer. La aplicación de una mezcla de microorganismos entomopatógenos y tamo de trigo descompuesto a los cultivos contribuye a disminuir la contaminación ambiental y a mejorar las características de los suelos.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Integrated management of white grubs on small farms in the Nariño department (Colombia)</strong></p><p> </p><p>White grubs (Astaena sp.) represent an economically important insect pest in the Nariño department, especially on farms which have become degraded due to the loss of organic matter. White grubs have caused up to 91% and 62% damage to total wheat and potato crop areas, respectively, in the municipalities of Ospina and Yacuanquer. To controlling the pest, farmers use only chemical pesticides which has led to negative impacts, such as increased production costs, reduced yields, need for greater amounts of seeds and fertilisers, farms losing their commercial value and a reduction in beneficial fauna which formerly kept white grubs at levels causing no damage to the crops over a long period of time. The native entomopathogen microorganisms Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Steinernema sp. were established in rotting wheat husks in field tests. The entomopathogenic fungi led to 28.75% and 14.67% of pest mortality at Ospina and Yacuanquer localities respectively compared to 28.89% and 18.82% when applying the chemical insecticide (Clorpirifos). The nematode Steinernema sp. caused 17.26% and 12.74% of white grub mortality. This technology (mixing entomopathogens micro-organisms with rotting wheat husks) contributed towards reducing environmental human contamination and improving soil characteristics.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of Seedling Age on Colonization Patterns of Citrus limon Plants by Endophytic Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and Their Influence on Seedlings Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Bamisope Steve Bamisile ◽  
Komivi Senyo Akutse ◽  
Chandra Kanta Dash ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Colonization Success ◽  
Colonization Patterns

The inoculation methods, the fungal strains, and several other factors are known to influent the success of fungal entomopathogens colonization in plants. The physiological status of the plant could also be another determinant. In the present study, the ability of three strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Metarhizium anisopliae to successfully colonize Citrus limon plants and the influence of seedling age on endophytic colonization success was examined. Three, 4, and 6 months old seedlings were inoculated with 10 mL of 1 × 108 conidial·mL−1 suspensions of each of the four fungal strains via foliar spraying. All fungal strains successfully colonized citrus seedlings and were sustained up to 2 months in colonized plants irrespective of the seedling age, with differences in the mean percentage colonization recorded at various post-inoculation periods among the fungal strains. The highest percent endophytic fungi recovery rate was recorded in the 3 months old seedlings, where fungal mycelia of inoculated fungi were successfully re-isolated from 65.6% of the untreated newly developed leaf and stem tissues. One strain of B. bassiana, BB Fafu-12, significantly improved seedling height and leaf number. The study demonstrates the influence of seedling age on B. bassiana and M. anisopliae successful colonization in the citrus plant.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Soares Barreto ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Jr. ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Green Mite ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Selection Of

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.

scholarly journals Selection of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) isolates to control Alabama argillacea (Huebner) caterpillars

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everardo César Filho ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
Reginaldo Barros
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Alabama Argillacea ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana Isolates ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Selection Of

The cotton leafworm, Alabama argillacea (Huebner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in herbaceous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch) cropping, with constant occurrence in all cotton-growing states of Brazil. In this study Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana isolates were screened and evaluated for pathogenicity against Alabama argillaceae. Initially, a screening of ten isolates of each fungus in a concentracion of 10(8) conidia mL-1, was carried out on 3rd instar larvae of A. argillacea. Further studies were conducted to determine the pathogenicity and virulence of six and seven isolates of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana, respectively, against 3rd instar larvae of A. argillacea and using the concentrations of 10(6), 10(7), 10(8), and 10(9) conidia mL-1. The experiments were carried out in Recife, PE, Brazil, at 27 ± 2ºC, RH 70 ± 5% and a photophase of 12 hours. Mortalities caused by M. anisopliae isolate at the different concentrations ranged from 4.5 to 91.2%, the highest mortality percentage being found for the isolate 1189 at 10(9) conidia mL-1. The isolate 645 of B. bassiana caused the highest mortality at the highest concentration, followed by isolates 634, 604, and IPA 198. The lowest lethal time for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, was achieved by the isolates 483 (4.1 days) and 1189 (2.0 days), respectively. The isolates 1189, 1022 e 866 of M. anisopliae and 483, IPA198 and 604 of B. bassiana, at 10(8) e 10(9) conidia mL-1 are promissing for use the integrated control of A. argillacea larvae, but M. anisopliae seems more effective.

scholarly journals CL50 y variación de la patogenicidad en aislamientos de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae evaluados en poblaciones de Premnotrypes vorax

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaqueline Mena ◽  
Luis Alberto Peña ◽  
Ranulfo González
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Mortality Percentage

<p>Con el fin de evaluar una alternativa "ecológica" para el control de gusano blanco de la papa (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), se trabajó con seis aislamientos de <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>y uno de <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, nativos del departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Inicialmente se estudió su patogenicidad y variabilidad en condiciones de laboratorio usando una concentración de 1x107 esporas.ml-1, observándose que todos los aislamientos fueron patogénicos para el gusano blanco. Sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias significativas entre la mortalidad causada por éstos (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001) pues la mortalidad varió desde 13.3% para Bb2 hasta 96.6% para Bb5. Posteriormente, se establecieron las concentraciones letales mediante Probit - Analysis de Raymons (1985), para cada aislamiento y en dos estadios de desarrollo de <em>P. vorax </em>(larvas y adultos). Los resultados obtenidos presentaron una relación positiva concentración/mortalidad, y los X2 calculados demostraron que los datos fueron homogéneos y se ajustaron a la línea de regresión con un nivel de confianza del 95%. En ambos estadios, los aislamientos Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 y Bb8 presentaron los porcentajes de mortalidad más altos; por esto, la línea base de mortalidad pudo ser establecida con mayor confianza y las CL99 fueron las más bajas, razón por la que fueron preseleccionados para un futuro estudio en campo.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>CL50 and pathogenic power of </strong><strong><em>Beauveria bassiana </em></strong><strong>and </strong><strong><em>Metharizium anisopliae </em></strong><strong>isolates infecting </strong><strong><em>Premnotrypes vorax </em></strong><strong>populations</strong></p><p>In order to evaluate an “ecologic” alternative for the control of the white worm potato (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), were studied six <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>and one of <em>Metharizium anisopliae </em>isolates, native of Nariño, Colombia.Their pathogenicity and variability were observed under laboratory conditions using a concentration of 1x107 spores.ml-1. All the biocontrol densities evaluated were pathogenic to <em>P. vorax</em>; however, there were big differences among the mortality caused by the isolates (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001), they varied from 13.3% for Bb2 up to 96.6% for Bb5. Later, on lethal concentration made by Probit - Raymon’s analysis (1985), was established for each isolate in two development phases of <em>P. vorax </em>(larve and adults).The results presented a positive relation concentration/mortality and the calculated X2 proved that the data were homogeneous and adjusted to the linear regression with a 95% level of confidence. The higher mortality percentage was found in the two phases of the isolates Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 and Bb8, for that, there was security to establish the mortality base line; on the other hand, the CL99 where smaller, reason why they were pre selected for a future field study.</p>

scholarly journals Endophytic Colonization of Solanum Tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) Plants Can Affect the Infestation of Serious Pests

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Mantzoukas Spiridon
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Endophytic Colonization ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens

The present study investigates the effects of the fungal entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea, following their endophytic colonization of the Solanum tuberosum L plants. Our results showed the studied fungal species isolates had no effects in promoting or suppressing the growth of S. tuberosum potato but affect the infestation of the serious pests.  

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Effects on Adult Longevity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Chaneiko ◽  
Andressa L. de Brida ◽  
Pedro G. Bassa ◽  
Marco H. F. Telles ◽  
Luana A. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the most important fruit pests in South America, and the use of entomopathogenic fungi is considered a promising alternative for its control. The objective of this work was to evaluate the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin on larvae and pupae of A. fraterculus, along with fungal effects on adult fly longevity. Fungal inoculations, fly larvae or pupae were placed in Petri dishes with 1 mL/plate, and the concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 grams of commercial product/liter of water. Controls received water only. To evaluate the residual effect on adult flies, emerging adults were transferred to clean arenas and the adult longevity was monitored. Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae caused 93.3 and 96.7% larval mortality and 14.0 and 15.0% pupal mortality, respectively. The estimated LC50 and LC90 values were 22.56 and 40.87 g/L for B. bassiana, and of 23.45 and 42.02 g/L for M. anisopliae. Infected adult insects had shorter longevity than non-infected insects, with mean survival of 8.0 and 83.5 days for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively.

Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)–treated Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae Mediate the Preference and Functional Response of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) Nymphs

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 2614-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar da S Nunes ◽  
Caio C Truzi ◽  
Joacir do Nascimento ◽  
Flávia F de Paula ◽  
Sidnéia T S de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Major Pest

Abstract Biological control is one of the strategies to reduce populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), the major pest of brassica. Entomopathogen-based biopesticides are recommended and used for its control, reducing the constant use of chemical pesticides. Predators and/or fungal entomopathogens have an increasing interest to be used against diamondback moth, and the compatibility of these control agents in the field is important for pest management. Here we experimentally investigate the effects of diamondback moth larvae treated with a biopesticidal formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in the feeding preference and functional response of the ring-legged earwig. We used untreated and B. bassiana-treated diamondback moth fourth instars (over a 24-h period of exposure) and Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) fifth instars. The nymphs were included in choice condition tests and different larval densities to the analysis of feeding preference and functional responses, respectively. Euborellia annulipes nymphs exhibited no feeding preference under choice conditions but presented different types of functional response: Type II on untreated and type III on fungus-treated diamondback moth larvae. The interaction between E. annulipes and B. bassiana observed in our study contributes to the understanding of the predator–prey–pathogen relationships with implications for P. xylostella integrated management strategies.

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