scholarly journals Cryptococcus bacillisporus (VGIII) Meningoencephalitis Acquired in Santa Cruz, Bolivia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Luis Thompson ◽  
Lorena Porte ◽  
Violeta Díaz ◽  
María Cristina Díaz ◽  
Sebastián Solar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Clinical Knowledge ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
First Report ◽  
Emerging Fungal Pathogens

We describe a case of chronic meningoencephalitis with hydrocephalus caused by Cryptococcus bacillisporus (VGIII) in an immunocompetent patient from Santa Cruz, Bolivia. This first report of a member of the Cryptococcus gattii species complex from Bolivia suggests that C. bacillisporus (VGIII) is present in this tropical region of the country and complements our epidemiological and clinical knowledge of this group of emerging fungal pathogens in South America.

scholarly journals Diseases of Eucalypts in Paraguay and First Report of Teratosphaeria zuluensis from South America

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Ximena Silva ◽  
Jolanda Roux ◽  
Fred O. Asiegbu
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
South American ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
South American Region ◽  
Teratosphaeria Gauchensis

Background and objectives: The global forest economy is threatened by eucalypt pathogens which are often latent or cryptic species that escape common quarantine and detection methods. Plantation forestry using eucalypts is of considerable importance to Paraguay, but knowledge regarding the pests and diseases affecting these plantations is limited. This study identified fungal diseases present in these plantations. Materials and Methods: We surveyed eucalypt plantations in four provinces in Paraguay and collected material from diseased trees for identification of the causal agents. The samples were analyzed using a combination of morphological and molecular methods. Results: Diseases encountered included Botryosphaeria stem canker, Calonectria leaf blight, Chrysoporthe stem canker, myrtle/eucalypt rust, Coniella leaf spot, heartwood rot and Teratosphaeria stem canker. Contrary to expectations, the causal agent of Teratosphaeria stem canker was identified as Teratosphaeria zuluensis (M.J. Wingf., Crous & T.A. Cout.) M.J. Wingf. & Crous and not Teratosphaeria gauchensis (M.-N. Cortinas, Crous & M.J. Wingf.) M.J. Wingf. & Crous, that is commonly documented for the South American region. Conclusions: This study updates the knowledge on forest fungal pathogens in Paraguayan eucalypt plantations and is the first report of T. zuluensis in Paraguay and in South America.

scholarly journals Continental Drift and Speciation of the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii Species Complexes

mSphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Casadevall ◽  
Joudeh B. Freij ◽  
Christopher Hann-Soden ◽  
John Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Continental Drift ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Species Complexes

ABSTRACT Genomic analysis has placed the origins of two human-pathogenic fungi, the Cryptococcus gattii species complex and the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, in South America and Africa, respectively. Molecular clock calculations suggest that the two species separated ~80 to 100 million years ago. This time closely approximates the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea, which gave rise to South America and Africa. On the basis of the geographic distribution of these two species complexes and the coincidence of the evolutionary divergence and Pangea breakup times, we propose that a spatial separation caused by continental drift resulted in the emergence of the C. gattii and C. neoformans species complexes from a Pangean ancestor. We note that, despite the spatial and temporal separation that occurred approximately 100 million years ago, these two species complexes are morphologically similar, share virulence factors, and cause very similar diseases. Continuation of these phenotypic characteristics despite ancient separation suggests the maintenance of similar selection pressures throughout geologic ages.

scholarly journals Environmental Status of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Briggith-Nathalia Serna-Espinosa ◽  
Diomedes Guzmán-Sanabria ◽  
Maribel Forero-Castro ◽  
Patricia Escandón ◽  
Zilpa Adriana Sánchez-Quitian
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The genus Cryptococcus comprises more than 80 species, including C. neoformans and C. gattii, which are pathogenic to humans, mainly affecting the central nervous system. The two species differ in geographic distribution and environmental niche. C. neoformans has a worldwide distribution and is often isolated from bird droppings. On the contrary, C. gattii is reported in tropical and subtropical regions and is associated with Eucalyptus species. This review aims to describe the distribution of environmental isolates of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex and the Cryptococcus gattii species complex in Colombia. A systematic investigation was carried out using different databases, excluding studies of clinical isolates reported in the country. The complex of the species of C. gattii is recovered mainly from trees of the genus Eucalyptus spp., while the complex of the species of C. neoformans is recovered mainly from avian excrement, primarily Columba livia (pigeons) excrement. In addition, greater positivity was found at high levels of relative humidity. Likewise, an association was observed between the presence of the fungus in places with little insolation and cold or temperate temperatures compared to regions with high temperatures.

scholarly journals First report of cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus gattii sensu stricto VGI in an Ivorian HIV negative patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 101113
Author(s):  
V. Bellet ◽  
F.K. Kassi ◽  
D. Krasteva ◽  
F. Roger ◽  
P. Drakulovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii ◽  
Negative Patient ◽  
First Report ◽  
Hiv Negative

Elsinoe australis. [Distribution map].

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Elsinoe australis Bitancourt & Jenkins. Hosts: Citrus. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Italy (Sicily), SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina (Santa Fe, Tucuman), Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo), Paraquay, Uruguay.

Two new species of Margyricarpus (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) from high-elevation grasslands in southern Brazil, and other notes on the genus Margyricarpus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
LUÍS A. FUNEZ ◽  
GUSTAVO HASSEMER ◽  
NIVALDO PERONI ◽  
ELISANDRO R. DRECHSLER-SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Two New Species

Margyricarpus pinnatus is a poorly understood entity from natural grasslands of South America that it better considered as a species complex. In this work we contribute to the advancement of the taxonomic knowledge of this challenging species complex by describing two new species of Margyricarpus from southern Brazil. We present field photographs, illustrations, a distribution map and ecologic and conservation notes on the new species.

Multilocus sequence typing of strains from the Cryptococcus gattii species complex from different continents

Mycoses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bellet Virginie ◽  
Roger Frédéric ◽  
Krasteva Donika ◽  
Gouveia Tiphany ◽  
Drakulovski Pascal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Cryptococcus Gattii

scholarly journals First report of Ditylenchus gallaeformans in Miconia albicans from the Brazilian Cerrado, State of Goiás

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vieira da Silva ◽  
Dalila Sêni de Jesus ◽  
Brenda Ventura de Lima e Silva ◽  
Bruno Eduardo Cardozo de Miranda ◽  
João Pedro Elias Gondim
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family

Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae), whose common name is canela-de-velha, is a native plant of the tropical region that is abundant in the Cerrado biome. A nematode species was found parasitizing M. albicans, causing severe deformation and gall-like structures on the infected leaves and inflorescences. Morphological, morphometric and molecular characterizations identified the nematode as Ditylenchus gallaeformans. This nematode has great potential as a biocontrol agent of plants in the family Melastomataceae, which are invasive weeds in ecosystems of the Pacific Islands. This is the first report of D. gallaeformans parasitizing M. albicans in the Cerrado of the state of Goiás.

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