scholarly journals Effect of Adding MoDTC on the Properties of Carbon Black Rubber and the Friction and Wear of Metal during Mixing Process

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Yiren Pan ◽  
Deshang Han ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Huiguang Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Metal Wear ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Filler Dispersion ◽  
Rubber Product

The gap between the rotor and the mixer chamber wall is an important factor in determining filler dispersion in rubber compounds. The inner wall of a mixer will wear after working for a long time, which will cause poor filler dispersion and affect the quality of rubber products. In this study, MoDTC was added to carbon black as a kind of filler, and the effect on filler dispersion, the properties of the rubber product, and the friction and wear of rubber and metal in the mixing process were examined. Experimental data showed that after adding 3 phr of MoDTC, carbon black dispersion was greatly improved, the curing time was shortened, and the performance remained stable. It was also found that the Mo element of the compound with 3 phr MoDTC dispersed better than that of the other compounds. Most importantly, adding 3 phr of MoDTC greatly reduced the amount of wear on the metal during the mixing process. However, the opposite effect occurred when the MoDTC content was high. The method proposed in this study can not only improve filler dispersion in rubber but also reduce metal wear to prolong the service life of the mixing chamber when applied to an actual mixing process.

scholarly journals Friction and Wear between Polymer and Metal in the Mixing Process

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4029
Author(s):  
Yiren Pan ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Huaqiao Liu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Wenwen Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Dispersion Process ◽  
Test Part ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Long Time

In order to obtain a longer mixing chamber life, a layer of hard alloy coating is generally welded on the surface. However, when the mixing chamber is used for a long time, the surface will be worn due to friction with small fillers and rubber. As a result, there will be a large gap between the mixing chamber and the rotor, which will further affect the quality of the mixed rubber. In this paper, the dispersion process of the reinforcing system is simulated at first, and the mixed rubber samples are obtained from different dispersion stages in preparation for experiments with the chamber material. On this basis, the friction experiment is carried out with the same material as the mixing chamber on the friction experiment machine employed in the improved test part. The experiment shows that the friction and wear between the mixture and metal produced in each mixing stage are different. The wear in the stage with high friction is not necessarily large. The wear will be intensified in the middle and later mixing periods, while the friction will tend to be stable. In this paper, besides the exploration on the friction of fillers and rubber on the mixing chamber in different mixing stages, the most important thing is to change the mixing process of rubber formula, so as to extend the service life of the mixing chamber without changing the comprehensive physical properties of the mixing rubber.

EFFECT OF CARBON BLACK NATURE ON DYNAMIC MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND REINFORCEMENT OF NR VULCANIZATION BY LATEX TECHNIQUES

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-620
Author(s):  
An Dong ◽  
Zhang Zhiyi ◽  
Jia Haixiang ◽  
Shou Jinquan ◽  
Zhang Huan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
New Process ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Filler Dispersion

ABSTRACT The influence of the structure and size of carbon black on the static mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of filled natural rubber (NR) compounds is investigated in detail. A new process for the production of carbon black master batches with enhanced mechanical properties has been developed. The unit operations in the process are the preparation of carbon black slurry in the presence of a suitable surfactant, addition of the slurry to the fresh NR latex under stirring, coagulation of the mixture by the addition of acid, dewatering of the coagulum, and drying to obtain carbon black–incorporated NR. The competence of the new technique is established by comparing the characteristics of the carbon black–incorporated NR by the mill mixing process (control). The mechanical properties, including tensile strength, modulus, tear strength, and hardness, are superior for the vulcanization prepared by the latex-suspension coagulation techniques. The improvement shown by the vulcanization prepared by the latex-suspension coagulation techniques was attributed to the better filler dispersion evidenced from the scanning electron micrograph along with the attainment of a higher level of vulcanization.

Effect of Processing Additives on Carbon Black Dispersion and Grip Property of High-Performance Tire Tread Compound

1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Takino ◽  
S. Iwama ◽  
Y. Yamada ◽  
S. Kohjiya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Carbon Black Surface ◽  
Black Surface ◽  
Power Curves ◽  
Carbon Black Dispersion

Abstract Rubber and carbon black compounds show complex behaviors in their mixing process due to their complicated microcomposite structure. Therefore, establishing a clear relationship between the mixing state of the rubber compound and the physical properties of its cured rubber has still remained to be solved in spite of formidable efforts by many rubber technologists. This paper investigated the influence of a processing additive on the carbon black incorporation and its dispersion behavior by inspecting Banbury power curves. From this investigation, we considered that good wettability toward the carbon black surface was necessary for processing additives in order to improve carbon black dispersion. The function of the processing additive was thought to enhance the surface lubrication of carbon black for disagglomeration in the early steps of mixing. The dry grip properties of a tire was estimated from the temperature dependence of dynamic viscoelastic properties of rubber compounds, with improved carbon black dispersion due to the processing additive; and it was confirmed by an actual tire running evaluation. Consequently, we found that tread compounds with improved carbon black dispersion had a remarkable effect on tire dry-grip properties at high temperatures.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WAKTU PENGANGKUTAN ADUKAN BETON KE TEMPAT PENGECORAN TERHADAP KEKUATAN TEKAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Helwiyah Zain
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Group I ◽  
Concrete Quality ◽  
Long Time

There is still a lot of casting concrete implementation which is mixing location was far with the casting location, because the situation in the field there are many obstacles to implement it.  As a result, from the mixing place to a casting place take a long time, so long as transportation there is a process of hydration in the concrete, which can cause a decrease in the quality of the concrete. To determine the decreasing of concrete quality, the research conducted is to determine the effect of time between when the mixing process of the concrete to casting process. This study used 48 specimens were divided into two groups, namely 24 specimens using the time difference without rotation and 24 pieces again with rotation. Each specimen using the same water cement ratio (fas), namely 0.45. Each group was subdivided in 6 variations in the time between mixing and casting namely :. 0 minutes, 12 minutes, 24 minutes, 36 minutes, 48 minutes and 60 minutes witch each variation using 4 specimens. The result of compressive strength each specimen group, for group I (without rotation) is 348 kg / cm2 for 0 minutes, 342 kg / cm2 for 12 minutes, 333 kg / cm2 for 24 minutes, 322 kg / cm2 for 36 minutes, 310 kg / cm2 for 48 minutes, and 294 kg / cm2 for 60 minutes. For group II (with rotation) is: 338 kg / cm2 for 0 minutes, 336 kg / cm2 for 12 minutes, 333 kg / cm2 for 24 minutes, 329 kg / cm2 for 36 minutes, 324 kg / cm2 for 48 minutes , and 318 kg / cm2 for 60 minutes. The results showed that, for the concrete without rotation: compressive strength at 60-minute time delay decreased by 15.52% of normal concrete (0 minute delay), and to the mixing concrete with rotation, compressive strength on delay of 60 minutes decreased by 5.92 % of normal concrete (0 minute delay). These results indicate that the delay time without rotation the greater the loss quality of concrete.

scholarly journals Effects of mixing temperature on the extrusion rheological behaviors of rubber-based compounds

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (56) ◽  
pp. 35703-35710
Author(s):  
Zhongjin Du ◽  
Yu Du ◽  
Yankun Gong ◽  
Guizhi Liu ◽  
Zhuo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Die Swell ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Rheological Behaviors ◽  
Rubber Compounds

The carbon black dispersity and rubber molecular weight change during the mixing process were the important factors determining the die swell behavior of the rubber compounds.

ANALYSIS OF CARBON BLACK–REINFORCED CARDANOL-MODIFIED NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Mohapatra ◽  
Golok Bihari Nando
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Multifunctional Additive ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Bound Rubber ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
Filler Dispersion ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Carbon black is advantageous for rubber as a reinforcing filler. Carbon blacks at higher loadings require process aids for easier processing and improved filler dispersion. Aromatic oils have been used so far in the rubber industry as plasticizer and process aids. The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in these oils has raised concerns, and they have been banned. Rubber industries are looking for alternate sources of process aids from renewable resources. Cardanol (m-pentadecenyl phenol), an agricultural by-product of the cashew industry, is cheap and abundantly available. It was proved recently to be a plasticizer and a multifunctional additive. The dispersion of carbon black in natural rubber (NR) grafted chemically with cardanol (CGNR) is investigated and compared with that of oil plasticized natural rubber. The physico-mechanical properties of the carbon black–filled CGNR vulcanizates are better than that of the aromatic oil plasticized NR vulcanizates. The cross-link density and bound rubber content are higher and the Payne effect is lower for the carbon black–filled CGNR vulcanizates as compared with oil plasticized NR vulcanizates. Dispersion of carbon black in the CGNR matrix is uniform and better than the aromatic oil plasticized NR.

Tingkat Pemahaman Kompetensi Guru Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Sebagai Calon Guru Geografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Novia Zalmita ◽  
Muhajirah Muhajirah ◽  
Abdul Wahab Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Prospective Teacher ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Geography Education ◽  
Teacher Competence ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Long Time

One that influences human resource indicators is education. The teacher is a profession as a job of academic specialization in a relatively long time in college. Understanding related to teacher competence is very important to have by a prospective teacher because it can affect the quality of performance as a professional teacher. The teacher's competence is known as pedagogic, professional, social and personality competencies. The issue in this study is how the competency of the teacher of the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah as a prospective teacher of geography? The purpose of this study was to determine the competence of teachers in the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah as prospective geography teachers. Quantitative description approach is used in this study to find answers to the issue. The population in this study were students of the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah class of 2015 and 2016 who had been declared to have passed the Micro Teaching and Magang Kependidikan 3 course totaling 50 people. Because the population is small and can be reached, the determination of the sample using total sampling techniques so that the sample in this study is the whole population. Data collection is done by distributing test questions to respondents. The data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics percentage formula. The results of the study indicate that the level of teacher competence of Geography Education Department students as prospective teachers is in the moderate category, namely as many as 22 respondents (44%). A total of 12 respondents (24%) were in the high category, 15 respondents (30%) were in the low category and 1 respondent (2%) were in the very low category.

Electrical Damage Due to Low Energy Plasma Processing of GaAs Structures

1991 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans P. Zappe ◽  
Gudrun Kaufel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Rapid Thermal Anneal ◽  
High Temperature Anneal ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Physical Plasma

ABSTRACTThe effect of numerous plasma reative ion etch and physical milling processes on the electrical behavior of GaAs bulk substrates has been investigated by means of electric microwave absorption. It was seen that plasma treatments at quite low energies may significantly affect the electrical quality of the etched semiconductor. Predominantly physical plasma etchants (Ar) were seen to create significant damage at very low energies. Chemical processes (involving Cl or F), while somewhat less pernicious, also gave rise to electrical substrate damage, the effect greater for hydrogenic ambients. Whereas rapid thermal anneal treatments tend to worsen the electrical integrity, some substrates respond positively to long-time high temperature anneal steps.

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