Investigation of Failure Mechanisms in Ceramic Composites as Potential Railway Brake Disc Materials

Ceramic composite materials have been efficiently used for high-temperature structural applications with improved toughness by complementing the shortcomings of monolithic ceramics. In this study, the fracture characteristics and fracture mechanisms of ceramic composite materials were studied. The ceramic composite material used in this study is Nicalon ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. The tensile failure behavior of two types of ceramic composites with different microstructures, namely, plain-weave and cross-ply composites, was studied. Tensile tests were performed on two types of ceramic composite material specimens. Microstructure analysis using SEM was performed to find out the relationship between tensile fracture characteristics and microstructure. It was found that there was a difference in the fracture mechanism according to the characteristics of each microstructure. In this study, the results of tensile tests, failure modes, failure characteristics, and failure mechanisms were analyzed in detail for two fabric structures, namely, plain-weave and cross-ply structures, which are representative of ceramic matrix composites. In order to help understanding of the fracture process and mechanism, the fracture initiation, crack propagation, and fracture mechanism of each composite material are schematically expressed in a two-dimensional figure. Through these results, it is intended to provide useful information for the design of ceramic composite materials based on the mechanistic understanding of the fracture process of ceramic composite materials.

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ASME Code Rules and ASTM Standards Integration for Ceramic Composite Core Materials and Components1

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2048/1/012020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2048 (1) ◽

pp. 012020

Author(s):

J W Geringer ◽

Y Katoh ◽

S Gonczy ◽

T Burchell ◽

M Mitchell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Test Methods ◽

Code Design ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Asme Code ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials ◽

American Society

Abstract Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites have many desirable properties for high-temperature nuclear applications, including excellent thermal and mechanical properties and reasonable to outstanding radiation resistance. Over the last 20 years, the use of ceramic composite materials has already expanded in many commercial nonnuclear industries as fabrication and application technologies mature. The new ASME design and construction rules under Section III, Subsection HH, Subpart B lay out the requirements and criteria for materials, design, machining and installation, inspection, examination, testing, and the marking procedure for ceramic composite core components, which is similar to the established graphite code under Section III, Subsection HH, Subpart A. Moreover, the general requirements listed in Section III, Subsection HA, Subpart B are also expanded to include ceramic composite materials. The code rules rely heavily on the development and publication of standards for composite specification, classification, and testing of mechanical, thermal, and other properties. These test methods are developed in the American Society for Testing and Materials Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics with a current focus on ceramic composite tubes. Details of the composites code, design methodology, and similarities to the graphite code, as well as guidance for the development of specifications for ceramic composites for nuclear application and recent standard developments, are discussed. The next step is to “close the gap” to support licensing aspects by validating the code with benchmarking data.

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In Situ Synthesis of Rod-Like Tielite / Alumina Ceramic Composites via Mechanical Activation

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.352.111 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 352 ◽

pp. 111-114

Author(s):

Xiao Hu Chen ◽

Xiao Min Chen ◽

Huang Zhao ◽

Ji Huai Wu

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Mechanical Activation ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Al2o3 Ceramic ◽

Longitudinal Length ◽

In Situ Formation ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials ◽

Α Al2o3

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of rod-like Al2TiO5 / α-Al2O3 composites in situ formation via a mechanical activation process. A QM-ISP-4 Planetary Mill was employed to activate mechanically the mixtures of anatase and corundum in air at room temperature for different times. The milled powder mixtures were pressed into platelets and then sintered in air at 1300°C for 3 h. The XRD results showed that only Al2TiO5 and α-Al2O3 phases could be detected in the sintered samples when the activated time reached 30 hours. The SEM observations illustrated the unusual microstructure of Al2TiO5 / α-Al2O3 ceramic composite materials. Abnormal grains with longitudinal length ~10 μm23 transversal length ~1 μm and equiaxed matrix grains of ~3 μm on an average were observed. EDXA proved that the rod-like grains and the fine equiaxed matrix grains were composed of Al2TiO5 and α-Al2O3, separately. The roles of anisotropic grain growth caused by mechanical activation are discussed for the in situ formation of rod-like Al2TiO5 / α-Al2O3 ceramic composite materials.

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Effect of a LZSA Glass Infiltration on the Properties of a Porous Ceramic Composite Material Derived from Polysiloxane/Al/Nb

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.591-593.409 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 591-593 ◽

pp. 409-414

Author(s):

Wilson Acchar ◽

Marcus Diniz ◽

Ygor Alexandre A. Fonseca ◽

F.C.C. Costa

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Porous Ceramic ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Aluminum Powders ◽

Ceramic Composite Material ◽

Polymer Pyrolysis

By using the active filler controlled polymer pyrolysis, new and cost-effective composite materials can be obtained. In this work, ceramic matrix composites were prepared by using this precursor route, using a polysiloxane network filled with metallic niobium and aluminum powders as active fillers. The mixtures were blended, uniaxially warm pressed, and pyrolyzed in flowing argon at 1400 °C. Porous ceramic preforms were infiltrated with a LZSA glass material, in order to improve the density of a porous composite material. The properties of the pyrolyzed composite material and the effect of the LZSA infiltration on the Al2O3-NbC-SiOC ceramic composite material were investigated. The results have showed that the infiltration processes has improved the physical and mechanical properties of the composite material.

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Tensile Damage Characterization in Nicalon Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1237 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 326-328 ◽

pp. 1237-1242

Author(s):

Jeong Guk Kim

Keyword(s):

Thermal Diffusivity ◽

Fracture Behavior ◽

Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

In Situ Monitoring ◽

Tensile Failure ◽

Failure Behavior ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Ir Thermography

Tensile failure behavior of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) was characterized with nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. Prior to the mechanical testing, infrared (IR) thermography was employed to obtain thermal diffusivity maps for CMC specimens. IR thermography also was used for quantitative analyses of the progressive damage and in-situ monitoring of the damage during tensile tests, while ultrasonic (UT) C-scans were used to present defect distributions of the composites. The thermal diffusivity map showed good consistency with ultrasonic C-scan results of CMC specimens. In this investigation, qualitative relationship between UT signatures and thermal diffusivity has been introduced, and the temperature changes of CMC specimens during tensile test have been measured. Moreover, the correlation between NDE results and fracture behavior of CMCs has been presented to understand tension fracture behavior of CMCs.

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Life Prediction Based on Material State Changes in Ceramic Matrix Composite Materials

Volume 1: Turbo Expo 2007 ◽

10.1115/gt2007-28167 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ken Reifsnider ◽

S. W. Case

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Gas Turbines ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Material State ◽

State Changes ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials

Monolithic ceramics and continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composites are being developed for use in high temperature applications such as combustor liners in gas turbines, thrust deflectors for jet engines, and thruster nozzles. Ceramic composite materials possess the high temperature resistance properties of ceramics, but have better creep and cyclic properties. However, the properties of these materials change somewhat with time at service temperatures, i.e., their material state changes as a function of service conditions and history. The authors have developed a methodology for representing and combining the effects of high temperature material state changes in CMCs, along with changes in applied stress / strain conditions during service, to estimate remaining strength and life of ceramic composite materials and components. Fatigue, creep rupture, and time dependent deformation are combined by a strength metric in integral form to create a time-resolved, point-wise estimate of current remaining strength and life in material elements. Application of this methodology in discrete element representations of mechanical behavior of structural elements with nonuniform stress / strain states has been implemented.

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Investigation of CeTi2O6- and CaZrTi2O7-containing glass–ceramic composite materials

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/cjc-2016-0633 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (11) ◽

pp. 1110-1121 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Elham Paknahad ◽

Andrew P. Grosvenor

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Local Structure ◽

Glass Matrix ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

X Ray ◽

Synthesis Conditions ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials ◽

Glass Ceramic Composite

Glass–ceramic composite materials are being investigated for numerous applications (i.e., textile, energy storage, nuclear waste immobilization applications, etc.) due to the chemical durability and flexibility of these materials. Borosilicate and Fe–Al–borosilicate glass–ceramic composites containing brannerite (CeTi2O6) or zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7) crystallites were synthesized at different annealing temperatures. The objective of this study was to understand the interaction of brannerite or zirconolite-type crystallites within the glass matrix and to investigate how the local structure of these composite materials changed with changing synthesis conditions. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Backscattered electron (BSE) microprobe images have been used to study how the ceramic crystallites dispersed in the glass matrix. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) spectra were also collected from all glass–ceramic composite materials. Examination of Ti K-, Ce L3-, Zr K-, Si L2,3-, Fe K-, and Al L2,3-edge XANES spectra from the glass–ceramic composites have shown that the annealing temperature, glass composition, and the loading of the ceramic crystallites in the glass matrix can affect the local environment of the glass–ceramic composite materials. A comparison of the glass–ceramic composites containing brannerite or zirconolite crystallites has shown that similar changes in the long range and local structure of these composite materials occur when the synthesis conditions to form these materials or the composition are changed.

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OXIDE FIBER COATED WITH SILICON CARBIDE FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Aviation Materials and Technologies ◽

10.18577/2713-0193-2021-0-3-94-104 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 94-104

Author(s):

V.G. Babashov ◽

◽

N.M. Varrik ◽

V.G. Maksimov ◽

O.N. Samorodova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

Composite Material ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Alumina Fiber ◽

Carbide Coating ◽

Barrier Coatings ◽

Ceramic Composite Material ◽

Barrier Coating ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials

The article presents the results of an experiment on the application of a silicon carbide coating on an alumina fiber and studies the properties of the resulting coated fibers. The purpose of applying a barrier coating to the fibers is to protect the fiber from degradation during the manufacturing of a ceramic composite material. The paper gives the characteristics of barrier coatings, such as thickness, continuity, structure, thermal and thermo-oxidative properties. The obtained data will be useful in the development of new types of ceramic composite materials reinforced with fibers.

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Rationally designed ultra-short pulsed laser patterning of zirconia-based ceramics tailored for the bone-implant interface

10.31224/osf.io/x69nu ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Norbert Ackerl ◽

Alexander Hansen Bork ◽

Roland Hauert ◽

Eike Müller ◽

Markus Rottmar

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Material Properties ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Pulsed Laser ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Laser Machining ◽

Laser Patterning ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials

Ceramic composite materials are increasingly used in dental restoration procedures, but current ceramic surface designs do not yet achieve the osseointegration potential of state-of-the-art titanium implants. Rapid bone tissue integration of an implant is greatly dependent on its surface characteristics, but the material properties of ceramic composite materials interfere with classical surface modification techniques. Here, ultra-short pulsed laser machining, which offers a defined energy input mitigating a heat-affected zone, is explored for surface modification of ceramic composites. Inspired by surface textures of clinically relevant titanium implants, dual roughness surfaces are laser patterned. Raman mapping reveals a negligible effect of ultra-short pulsed laser ablation on material properties, but a laser-induced change in the wetting state is revealed by static contact angle measurements. Laser patterning of surfaces also influences blood coagulation, but not the attachment and spreading of osteoblastic cells. The presented laser machining approach thus allows the introduction of a rational surface design on ceramic composites, holding great promise for the manufacturing of ceramic implants.

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A study of the electronic structure and structural stability of Gd2Ti2O7 based glass-ceramic composites

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra10720b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (99) ◽

pp. 80939-80949 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Esther Rani Aluri ◽

Andrew P. Grosvenor

Keyword(s):

Electronic Structure ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Radioactive Waste ◽

Structural Stability ◽

Nuclear Waste ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Ceramic Composite ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Ceramic Composite Materials ◽

Glass Ceramic Composite

Glass-ceramic composite materials have been investigated for nuclear waste sequestration applications due to their ability to incorporate large amounts of radioactive waste elements.

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