Assessment of Coating Quality Obtained on Flame-Retardant Fabrics by a Magnetron Sputtering Method

Innovative textile materials can be obtained by depositing different coatings. To improve the thermal properties of textiles, aluminum and zirconium (IV) oxides were deposited on the Nomex® fabric, basalt fabric, and cotton fabric with flame-retardant finishing using the magnetron sputtering method. An assessment of coating quality was conducted. Evenly coated fabric ensures that there are no places on the sample surface where the values of thermal parameters such as resistance to contact heat and radiant heat deviate significantly from the specified ones. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy was used for the analysis of modified fabric surfaces. Non-contact digital color imaging system DigiEye was also used. The criterion allowing one to compare surfaces and find which surface is more evenly coated was proposed. The best fabrics from the point of view of coating quality were basalt and cotton fabrics coated with aluminum as well as basalt fabric coated with zirconia. The probability of occurrence of places on the indicated sample surfaces where the values of thermal parameters (i.e., resistance to contact heat and radiant heat) deviated significantly from the specified ones was smaller for Nomex® and cotton fabrics coated with zirconia and Nomex® fabric coated with aluminum.

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Study on Some Thermal and Electrical Properties of Basalt Fabric Modified with Metal and Ceramics as a Result of Magnetron Sputtering

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11122087 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2087

Author(s):

Pamela Miśkiewicz ◽

Iwona Frydrych ◽

Magdalena Tokarska ◽

Wojciech Pawlak

Keyword(s):

Electrical Properties ◽

Magnetron Sputtering ◽

Imaging System ◽

Radiant Heat ◽

Original Method ◽

Color Measurement ◽

Contact Heat ◽

Instrumental Color ◽

Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽

Fabric Surface

The main aim of the research was to compare the values of some thermal and electrical parameters obtained for a basalt fabric modified with the metal and ceramics coatings. The surface modification of basalt fabric was made by using a magnetron sputtering technique. Chrome and zirconium(IV) oxide coatings were deposited on the fabric surface. The thermal and electrical properties of selected fabrics were determined. In order to assess the comfort properties of fabrics, the thermal resistance of materials was analyzed. Instrumental color measurement was used for an assessment of the surface of modified and unmodified basalt fabric. Using a non-contact digital color imaging system, DigiEye, an original method of samples surface analysis was presented. As a result of research, the modification of basalt fabric surface for applications in a hot work environment enabled the improvement of thermal properties in relation to the references samples. The first level of protection against contact heat for a contact temperature of 100 °C was obtained for the zirconium(IV) oxide-modified basalt fabric. The first level of protection against radiant heat was obtained for all samples. The highest value for the heat radiant resistance was obtained for the chrome-modified basalt fabric.

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Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Certain Flame-Retardant Fabrics Modified with a Magnetron Sputtering Method

Autex Research Journal ◽

10.2478/aut-2020-0038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Pamela Miśkiewicz ◽

Magdalena Tokarska ◽

Iwona Frydrych ◽

Marcin Makówka

Keyword(s):

Magnetron Sputtering ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Heat Radiation ◽

Contact Heat ◽

Metal Aluminum ◽

Thermal Comfort Properties ◽

Fabric Surface ◽

Comfort Parameters ◽

Parameter Values

AbstractThe article presents the modification of flame-retardant fabric surfaces made of basalt, Nomex®, and cotton fabric to improve their selected thermal comfort properties. The modification consisted of depositing on the fabric surface by magnetron sputtering the metal (aluminum) and ceramic (zirconium (IV) oxide) coatings with a thickness of 1 μm and 5 μm. Flame-retardant fabrics have been chosen because of the desire to apply them to gloves intended for the use in hot-work environments. The article presents the results of testing reference samples and their modifications, which were subjected to the test of resistance to contact heat for contact temperatures of 100°C and 250°C, resistance to thermal radiation and examined their selected thermal comfort parameters, i.e., the thermal conductivity coefficient and heat absorption coefficient. Almost the 1st efficiency level for contact heat was reached for basalt fabric coated with zirconium (IV) oxide with a thickness of 5 μm. The 1st level of protection against heat radiation was obtained for all reference and modified samples. Based on the Kruskal–Wallis test, it was noticed that a significant change in parameter values is caused by the modification with 5 μm thick coating.

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Enhancement of flame retardancy of cotton fabrics by grafting a novel organic phosphorous-based flame retardant

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-015-0641-z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 2787-2796 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Wei-Wei Gao ◽

Guang-Xian Zhang ◽

Feng-Xiu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Cotton Fabrics

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Wool: Its Effect On Flame Retardant Properties of Blend Fabrics

Journal of Fire Sciences ◽

10.1177/073490418300100205 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 145-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John V. Beninate ◽

Brenda J. Trask ◽

Timothy A. Calamari ◽

George L. Drake

Keyword(s):

Thermal Degradation ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Oxygen Index ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Cotton Wool ◽

Burning Rates ◽

Low Levels ◽

Flame Retardant Properties ◽

Strength Retention

Durable phosphorus-based flame retardants were applied to twill fabrics con taining cotton and wool to study the effect of wool on the flame retardancy and physical properties of the blend fabrics. The presence of wool in untreated blend fabrics caused burning rates to decrease and oxygen index values to increase as wool content increased in the blends. These effects were also observed in cotton/ wool blends treated with low levels of the Thps-urea-TMM flame retardant, but were less pronounced in fabrics treated at high levels. Thermogravimetric analyses were conducted to study the thermal degradation of the treated and untreated fabrics. The presence of wool in treated blend fabrics did not sig nificantly change strength retention, area shrinkage and wrinkle recovery values in comparison to similarly treated 100% cotton fabrics.

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Synthesis of triethylenetetramine phosphonate ammonium flame retardant and its application to cotton fabrics

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-022-04416-w ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Yonghua Lu ◽

Qinyu He ◽

Yajun Chen ◽

Guangxian Zhang

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Cotton Fabrics

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Development of thermally stable and hygienic colored cotton fabric made by treatment with natural coconut shell extract

Journal of Industrial Textiles ◽

10.1177/1528083717725113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 87-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

MD Teli ◽

Pintu Pandit

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Cotton Fabric ◽

Oxygen Index ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Flame Resistance ◽

Limiting Oxygen Index

As far as the value addition of textile is concerned, flame retardancy of textile materials is considered to be one of the most important properties in textile finishing by both industries as well as academic researchers. Flame-retardant property with thermal stability was imparted to cotton by using green coconut ( Cocos nucifera Linn) shell extract, a natural waste source of coconut. Coconut shell extract was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry and its phytochemical analysis was also carried out. The coconut shell extract (acidic after extraction) was applied in three different pH (acidic, neutral, and alkaline) conditions to the cotton fabric. Flame-retardant properties of the untreated and the treated cotton fabrics were analyzed by limiting oxygen index and vertical flammability. The study showed that all the treated fabrics had good flame resistance property compared to that of the untreated fabric. The limiting oxygen index value was found to increase by 72.2% after application of the coconut shell extract from alkaline pH. Pyrolysis and char formation behavior of the concerned fabrics were studied using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis in a nitrogen atmosphere. The physicochemical composition of the untreated and coconut shell extract treated cotton fabrics were analyzed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Also, treated cotton fabric showed natural brown color and antibacterial property against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The durability of the flame-retardant functionality to washing with soap solution has also been studied and reported in this paper.

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