Physical, Chemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Four Different Commercial Root-End Filling Materials: A Comparative Study

Commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) materials such as Endocem MTA (EC), Dia-Root Bio MTA (DR), RetroMTA (RM), and ProRoot MTA (PR) are increasingly used as root-end filling materials. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the physicochemical and mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of these MTAs. The film thicknesses of EC and DR were considerably less than that of PR; however, RM’s film thickness was greater than that of PR. In addition, the setting times of EC, DR, and RM were shorter than that of PR (p < 0.05). The solubility was not significantly different among all groups. The three relatively new MTA groups (EC, DR, and RM) exhibited a significant difference in pH variation and calcium ion release relative to the PR group (p < 0.05). The radiopacity of the three new MTAs was considerably less than that of PR. The mechanical strength of RM was not significantly different from that of PR (p > 0.05); however, the EC and DR groups were not as strong as PR (p < 0.05). All MTA groups revealed cytocompatibility. In conclusion, the results of this study confirmed that EC, RM, DR, and PR exhibit clinically acceptable physicochemical and mechanical properties and cell cytotoxicity.

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Calcium Silicate-Based Biocompatible Light-Curable Dental Material for Dental Pulpal Complex

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11030596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 596

Author(s):

Sung-Min Park ◽

Woo-Rim Rhee ◽

Kyu-Min Park ◽

Yu-Jin Kim ◽

Junyong Ahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Calcium Ions ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Dental Material ◽

Ion Release ◽

Significant Difference

Dental caries causes tooth defects and clinical treatment is essential. To prevent further damage and protect healthy teeth, appropriate dental material is a need. However, the biocompatibility of dental material is needed to secure the oral environment. For this purpose, biocompatible materials were investigated for incorporated with dental capping material. Among them, nanomaterials are applied to dental materials to enhance their chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. This research aimed to study the physicochemical and mechanical properties and biocompatibility of a recently introduced light-curable mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-like material without bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA). To overcome the compromised mechanical properties in the absence of Bis-GMA, silica nanoparticles were synthesized and blended with a dental polymer for the formation of a nano-network. This material was compared with a conventional light-curable MTA-like material that contains Bis-GMA. Investigation of the physiochemical properties followed ISO 4049. Hydroxyl and calcium ion release from the materials was measured over 21 days. The Vickers hardness test and three-point flexural strength test were used to assess the mechanical properties. Specimens were immersed in solutions that mimicked human body plasma for seven days, and surface characteristics were analyzed. Biological properties were assessed by cytotoxicity and biomineralization tests. There was no significant difference between the tested materials with respect to overall physicochemical properties and released calcium ions. The newly produced material released more calcium ions on the third day, but 14 days later, the other material containing Bis-GMA released higher levels of calcium ions. The microhardness was reduced in a low pH environment, and differences between the specimens were observed. The flexural strength of the newly developed material was significantly higher, and different surface morphologies were detected. The recently produced extract showed higher cell viability at an extract concentration of 100%, while mineralization was clear at the conventional concentration of 25%. No significant changes in the physical properties between Bis-GMA incorporate material and nanoparticle incorporate materials.

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Evaluation of pH and Calcium Ion Release of Root-end Filling Materials Containing Calcium Hydroxide or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2009.07.009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 1418-1421 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Mário Tanomaru-Filho ◽

Frederico Bordini Chaves Faleiros ◽

Juliana Nogueira Saçaki ◽

Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte ◽

Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Ion Release ◽

Filling Materials

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Effect of Superplasticizer Additives for Class Type Cpii E32 Cements

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.820.483 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 820 ◽

pp. 483-487

Author(s):

H.F. Grillo ◽

Neide Aparecida Mariano ◽

Alfeu Saraiva Ramos ◽

Fabio Ferraço ◽

K.V.F. Grillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Hydration Process ◽

High Quality ◽

Setting Times ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Significant Difference ◽

E 32

Concrete mixing technology has spread with the development of water-reducing additives, enabling production of high quality products. Despite the discoveries and important technological advances, occurrences concerning the incompatibility between sealers and additives have been reported. The main incompatibilities occur between additive and cement of different brands, or different batches. This study investigated the influence of a superplasticizer on the properties of two cements of the same class (type CP II E 32), but different manufacturers. Two cements (without the presence of the additive) were characterized by physical, chemical and mechanical tests. The setting times for pastes made from cement, water and superplasticizer mixtures were determined. The results showed a significant difference in physical, chemical and mechanical properties of cements, as well as those related to the hydration process thereof.

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THE EFFECT OF COMPOSITION CHANGE IN SOL-GEL SYNTHESIZED PSC

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s101623720800060x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (01) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Wen-Hsi Wang ◽

Yuan-Ling Lee ◽

Chun-Pin Lin ◽

Feng-Huei Lin

Keyword(s):

Setting Time ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Hydration Product ◽

Xrd Pattern ◽

Ph Variation ◽

Initial Strength ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Retrograde Filling ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sol Gel Process

Modified calcium silicate cement had previously been developed as a dental retrograde filling. It had great sealing ability, good biocompatibility, and anti-bacterial properties. However, its clinical application was limited by a long setting time and poor handling property. In previous study,1, 2 the setting property of PSC was greatly improved due the sol-gel process, without the addition of transition metal element. In this study, different ratio of starting material of PSC was prepared. The composition of each group was also altered with the ratio of the starting materials according to the result of XRD pattern. There is no significant difference in pH variation profile between each group. Even though low C 3 S / C 4 AF ratio (DX631 and DX541 groups) possessed high initial strength at first 24 hours after hydration, there was no increase in strength ever since according to the result of microhardness. However, the groups with high C 3 S / C 4 AF ratio (DX811 and DX721 groups) possessed relatively low initial strength at 24 hours after hydration, but the strength increased rapidly and continuously at least for the next six days of hydration. Moreover, the peak intensity of hydration product (Portlandite) on XRD pattern in DX811 group was much higher than other three groups, and this was also in agreement with the result of microhardness. DX811 group is determined to be the optimal one for the further development in the application as root-end filling materials.

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Evaluation of pH and Calcium Ion Release of a Dual-cure Bisphenol A Ethoxylate Dimethacrylate/Mineral Trioxide Aggregate–based Root-end Filling Material

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2013.08.013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 1603-1606 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giane da Silva Linhares ◽

Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci ◽

César Blaas Knabach ◽

Camila Mizette Oliz ◽

Mariana Antunes Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Filling Material ◽

Ion Release

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Cytotoxicity and Initial Biocompatibility of Endodontic Biomaterials (MTA and Biodentine™) Used as Root-End Filling Materials

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/7926961 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Diana María Escobar-García ◽

Eva Aguirre-López ◽

Verónica Méndez-González ◽

Amaury Pozos-Guillén

Keyword(s):

Morphological Changes ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Cellular Adhesion ◽

Control Group ◽

Third Molars ◽

Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽

Significant Statistical Difference ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Pdl Cells ◽

Significant Difference

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and cellular adhesion of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine (BD) on periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL).Methods. PDL cells were obtained from nonerupted third molars and cultured; MTS cellular profusion test was carried out in two groups: MTA and BD, with respective controls at different time periods. Also, the LIVE/DEAD assay was performed at 24 h. For evaluation of cellular adhesion, immunocytochemistry was conducted to discern the expression of Integrinβ1 and Vinculin at 12 h and 24 h. Statistical analysis was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-WhitneyUtests.Results. MTA and BD exhibited living cells up to 7 days. More expressions of Integrinβ1 and Vinculin were demonstrated in the control group, followed by BD and MTA, which also showed cellular loss and morphological changes. There was a significant difference in the experimental groups cultured for 5 and 7 days compared with the control, but there was no significant statistical difference between both cements.Conclusions. Neither material was cytotoxic during the time evaluated. There was an increase of cell adhesion through the expression of focal contacts observed in the case of BD, followed by MTA, but not significantly.

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The Use of a Setting Accelerator and Its Effect on pH and Calcium Ion Release of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and White Portland Cement

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2006.07.018 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 1194-1197 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

E ANTUNESBORTOLUZZI ◽

N JUAREZBROON ◽

M ANTONIOHUNGARODUARTE ◽

A DEOLIVEIRADEMARCHI ◽

C MONTEIROBRAMANTE

Keyword(s):

Portland Cement ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Ion Release ◽

White Portland Cement

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Evaluation of pH, Calcium Ion Release, and Dimensional Stability of an Experimental Silver Nanoparticle-Incorporated Calcium Silicate-Based Cement

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications ◽

10.1155/2021/3919543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Teena Sheethal Dsouza ◽

Aditya Shetty ◽

Neevan Dsouza

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Filling Material ◽

Ion Release ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Sample Test ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Experimental Group

An experimental calcium silicate-based root-end filling material incorporated with silver nanoparticles intended for use in periapical surgeries was developed with the purpose to overcome the drawbacks of existing materials and to satisfy the ideal requirements of root-end filling materials. This study was designed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, pH, calcium ion release, and dimensional stability of the experimental cement, and compare the results with commercially available ProRoot MTA (Dentsply). An independent sample test was used to analyze the data. Mean initial pH (immediately after mixing) of the experimental cement was 10.42 ± 0.04 which was higher than that of MTA. However, there was a significant increase in pH of MTA at 1 day, 2 days, and 7 days. Presence of calcium chloride favored the release of calcium ions which was significantly increased in the experimental group at 24 hours. At the end of 30 days, MTA showed a significant expansion when compared to the experimental cement p < 0.001 . In conclusion, the experimental nanoparticle-incorporated calcium silicate-based cement showed clinically acceptable physicochemical properties.

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