scholarly journals Effect of Tension-Compression Asymmetry Response on the Bending of Prismatic Martensitic SMA Beams: Analytical and Experimental Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5415
Author(s):  
Alireza Ostadrahimi ◽  
Fathollah Taheri-Behrooz ◽  
Eunsoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Tension Compression Asymmetry

This paper aims to analytically derive bending equations, as well as semi-analytically predict the deflection of prismatic SMA beams in the martensite phase. To this end, we are required to employ a simplified one-dimensional parametric model considering asymmetric response in tension and compression for martensitic beams. The model takes into account the different material parameters in martensite twined and detwinned phases as well as elastic modulus depending on the progress of the detwinning process. In addition, the model considers the diverse slope of loading and unloading in martensite detwinned phases favored by tension and compression. To acquire general bending equations, we first solve the pure bending problem of a prismatic SMA beam. Three different phases are assumed in the unloading procedure and the effect of neutral fiber distance from the centerline is also considered during this stage. Then according to the pure bending solution and employing semi-analytical methods, general bending equations of an SMA beam are derived. Polynomial approximation functions are utilized to obtain the beam deflection–length relationship. To validate the attained analytical expressions, several three- and four-point bending tests were conducted for rectangular and circular SMA beams. Experimental data confirm the reasonable accuracy of the analytical results. This work may be envisaged to go deep enough in investigating the response of SMA beams under an arbitrary transverse loading and stress distribution during loading and unloading, as well as findings may be applicable to a good prediction of bending behavior.

Mechanical Behaviors of Steel Strip Reinforced Flexible Pipes Under Bending

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Jin ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Peihua Han ◽  
Yong Bai
Keyword(s):  
Steel Strip ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Flexible Pipe ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Offshore Engineering ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
Good Coincidence

Steel strip reinforced flexible pipe (SSRFP) is a kind of unbonded composite pipe, which has more application foreground in offshore engineering due to its excellent mechanics and the considerable flexibility. In practical application, SSRFP will inevitably experience bending during reeling process and installation. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of SSRFP subjected to pure bending are studied both experimentally and numerically. A four-point bending equipment is utilized to conduct the full-scale laboratorial tests of SSRFP. Furthermore, the commercial software ABAQUS is employed to simulate its ovalization instability. The results acquired from the ABAQUS simulation are compared with the ones from verification bending experiment, which are in good coincidence with each other. The proposed model and the relative results may be of interest to the manufacture factory engineers.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigations of Impact Damage Influence on Behavior of Thin-Walled Composite Beam Subjected to Pure Bending

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kubiak ◽  
Lukasz Borkowski ◽  
Nina Wiacek
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Channel Section ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with buckling, postbuckling, and failure of pre-damaged channel section beam subjected to pure bending. The channel section beams made of eight-layered GFRP laminate with different symmetrical layups have been considered. The specimens with initially pre-damaged web or flange were investigated to access the influence of impact damage on work of thin-walled structure in the full range of load till failure. The bending tests of initially pre-damage beams have been performed on a universal tensile machine with especially designed grips. The digital image correlation system allowing to follow the beam deflection have been employed. The experimentally obtained results are presented in graphs presenting load-deflection or load vs. angle of rotation relations and in photos presenting impact damages areas before and after bending test. The results show that the impact pre-damages have no significant influence on the work of channel section beams.

Measurement of the Tension/Compression Asymmetry Exhibited by Single Crystalline γ-Ti 55.5at%Al

2000 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Zupan ◽  
K.J. Hemker
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Deformation Mode ◽  
Single Cycle ◽  
Flow Strength ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Cycle Loading ◽  
Reversed Cyclic ◽  
Tension Compression Asymmetry

ABSTRACTMicrosample test specimens of single crystalline γ-Ti 55.5at%Al oriented near the [001], and [-110] crystal axes have been deformed in tension and compression at 973K. From these experiments, measurements of the 0.2% offset flow stress have been made as a function of temperature, crystal orientation and sense of the applied load. A measurable violation of Schmid's law was observed and a significant tension/compression asymmetry has been observed at this temperature for the above listed orientations. Single-cycle loading experiments designed to measure the tension/compression asymmetry of the yield strength on the same sample have been conducted along the ∼[-110] and [001] orientations. The flow strength measurements from the specimens, which underwent the fully reversed cyclic-loading experiment, fall near those of the monotonically loaded microsamples deformed at the same temperature, which suggests that the same deformation mode was active in both tension and compression.

A New Four-Point Bending System to Supply Cultured Adhensive Cells In Vitro with Cyclic Uniaxial Strain

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1133-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Zhi He Zhao ◽  
Guo Ping Chen ◽  
Hai Tang ◽  
Zhi Hua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Integrate Circuit ◽  
Uniaxial Strain ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Uniaxial Stretching ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Deflection Theory

We have designed a new four-point bending system by combination of integrate circuit and beam-deflection theory, and conducted a series of experiments concerning cell morphology and proliferation. The system was proved to be able to supply the cultured anchorage-dependent cells with cyclic uniaxial stretching strain and compressive stress easily, precisely and effectively.

The Effect of Principal Bending Curvature on the Lateral Buckling of Uniform Slender Beams

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
D. A. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Buckling Load ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Cantilever Beams ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Lateral Buckling ◽  
First Order ◽  
Slender Beams ◽  
Support Conditions

The general lateral buckling equation is developed for a uniform, slender, simply supported beam fixed in torsion and with a load applied at the shear center of the midspan cross section. In this general equation, the effect of principal bending curvature (i.e., beam deflection prior to buckling) is completely accounted for. Therefore, a distinction is made between beams fixed in torsion about the deformed or undeformed elastic axis, and distinct boundary conditions are derived for each case. The equations for each of the two support conditions are then specialized to include only the first-order effect of principal bending curvature and these equations are compared with similar equations for cantilever beams and beams in pure bending. Finally, simplified buckling load formulas are derived and compared with numerical solutions of the general equations for each of the lateral buckling configurations. The comparison shows that the approximate formulas provide good estimates for the buckling load and that the classical buckling load formulas that neglect principal bending curvature are not always conservative for infinitely slender beams.

scholarly journals Analysis of influence of circular hole on stress state of plate in pure bending condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Dragan Petrović ◽  
Milan Bižić
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Circular Hole ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Infinite Dimensions ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The task of this paper is determining the zone of influence of a circular hole on the stress state of a homogeneous isotropic plate in pure bending condition. For solving the problem, the complex variable method was used which allows the complete analytical determination of the stresses at every point of the plate, and particularly on the contour of the circular hole. The analytical expressions for stresses in the plate of infinite dimensions were the basis for deriving a mathematical formulation which defines the zone as a function of diameter of the hole, inside which there is influence of the hole on the stress state of the plate. Obtained results are verified with FEM using the ANSYS software package whereby the input data for spatial discretization and mesh generation are not previously adjusted but was used a mesh that is generated automatically by the program.

Systematic Error in the Measure of Microdamage by Modulus Degradation During Four-Point Bending Fatigue

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Landrigan ◽  
Ryan K. Roeder
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Elastic Beam ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Specimen Width ◽  
Initial Modulus ◽  
Specimen Height

The accumulation of fatigue damage in bovine and human cortical bone is conventionally measured by modulus or stiffness degradation. The initial modulus or stiffness of each specimen is typically measured in order to normalize tissue heterogeneity to a prescribed strain [1,2]. Cyclic preloading at 100 N for 20 cycles has been used for this purpose in both uniaxial tension and four-point bending tests [1–3]. In four-point bending, the specimen modulus is often calculated using linear elastic beam theory as, (1)E=3Fl4bh2ε where F is the applied load, l is the outer support span, b is the specimen width, h is the specimen height, and ε is the maximum strain based on the beam deflection [2]. The maximum load and displacement data from preloading is used to determine the initial specimen modulus. The initial modulus and a prescribed maximum initial strain are then used to determine an appropriate load for fatigue testing under load control.

scholarly journals Analytical and Finite Element Modelling of Circular Glare Plates under Indentation Loading and Unloading

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369351102000 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Tsamasphyros ◽  
George S. Bikakis
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modelling ◽  
Circular Plates ◽  
Element Modelling ◽  
Modelling Procedure ◽  
Static Indentation ◽  
Analytical Formulas ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Dent Depth

In this paper, analytical expressions are derived and a finite element modelling procedure is proposed in order to predict the static load-indentation curves of circular GLARE fibre-metal laminates during loading and unloading by a hemispherical indentor. Analytical formulas have been recently published for the static indentation of circular GLARE plates which are now used during the loading stage. Here, considering that aluminum layers are in a state of membrane yield and employing energy balance during unloading, the unloading path is determined. Using this unloading path, an algebraic equation is derived and solved for calculating the permanent dent depth of the GLARE plate after the indentor's withdrawal. ANSYS software is used and a non-linear analysis is employed with geometric and material non-linearities for FEM calculations. The derived formulas and the proposed finite element modelling procedure are applied to GLARE 2-2/1-0.3 and to GLARE 3-3/2-0.4 circular plates. The analytical results are compared with corresponding FEM results and a good agreement is found. The analytically calculated permanent dent depth is within 6 % for the GLARE 2 plate, and within 7 % for the GLARE 3 plate, of the corresponding numerically calculated result. No other solution of this problem is known to the authors.

Analytical Approach in Autofrettaged Spherical Pressure Vessels Considering the Bauschinger Effect

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Adibi-Asl ◽  
P. Livieri
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Bauschinger Effect ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Material Models ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Spherical Pressure

This paper presents an analytical study of spherical autofrettage-treated pressure vessels, considering the Bauschinger effect. A general analytical solution for stress and strain distributions is proposed for both loading and unloading phases. Different material models incorporating the Bauschinger effect depending on the loading phase are considered in the present study. Some practical analytical expressions in explicit form are proposed for a bilinear material model and the modified Ramberg–Osgood model.

Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on Nano Crystalline Materials Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 18-19 ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jafari Nedoushan ◽  
Mahmoud Farzin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundary Sliding ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Boundary Sliding ◽  
Tension Compression Asymmetry ◽  
Effect Of Hydrostatic Pressure

One of the Remarkable Differences between Mechanical Behavior of Nano-Crystalline and Coarse-Grained Materials Is Tension Compression Asymmetry that Has Been Experienced in Nano-Crystalline Materials. In this Paper a Constitutive Model Is Proposed which Considers Dominant Operative Deformation Mechanisms of Nano-Crystalline Materials Including Grain Interior Plasticity, Grain Boundary Diffusion and Grain Boundary Sliding. A Grain Size Dependent Taylor Type Polycrystalline Model Is Used to Predict Grain Interior Deformation. Three Dimensional Relationships Are Proposed to Relate Macro Stress and Strain Rate in Grain Boundary Mechanisms. The Effect of Normal Stress Acting on a Boundary Is Also Considered in Grain Boundary Sliding, Therefore, Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure Is Included in the Model. The Proposed Model Is Used to Predict Strength of Nano-Crystalline Copper in both Tension and Compression and Good Results Are Obtained Comparing with Experimental Data. The Model Also Predicts Various Behaviors of Nano-Crystalline Materials Observed in Literature's Experiments and Molecular Dynamic Simulations. Some Examples Are: Inverse Hall-Petch Effect; Tension and Compression Maximum Strength Grain Sizes; Tension Compression Asymmetry and its Change Vs. Grain Size and Strain Rate and the Yield Locus Shape.

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