scholarly journals Production of Aluminum AA6061 Hybrid Nanocomposite from Waste Metal Using Hot Extrusion Process: Strength Performance and Prediction by RSM and Random Forest

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6102
Author(s):  
Muntadher Sabah Msebawi ◽  
Zulkiflle Leman ◽  
Shazarel Shamsudin ◽  
Suraya Mohd Tahir ◽  
Che Nor Aiza Jaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Pareto Analysis

To date, various studies have analysed the effects of reinforced ceramic on the properties of AA6061 recycled aluminum alloy chips, such as the tensile strength and fractography. However, a comprehensive analysis of the properties of hybrid composite with the addition of nano-silica oxide and nano-copper oxide reinforcements is still very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to optimise the factors comprising the preheating temperature (PHT), preheating time (PHti), and volume fraction (VF) of reinforcements then determine their impacts on the physical and mechanical properties of the recycled solid-state extruded composite aluminum chips. A total of 45 specimens were fabricated through the hot extrusion technique. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to study the optimisation at a PHT range of 450–550 °C with PHti of 1–3 h and VF of 1–3 vol% for both reinforcements (SiO2 and CuO). Moreover, a random forest (RF) model was developed to optimize the model based on a metaheuristic method to improve the model performance. Based on the experimental results the RF model achieve better results than response surface methodology (RSM). The functional quadratic regression is curvature and the tested variable shows stable close data of the mean 0 and α2. Based on the Pareto analysis, the PHT and VF were key variables that significantly affected the UTS, microhardness, and density of the product. The maximum properties were achieved at an optimum PHT, PHti, and VF of 541 °C, 2.25 h, 1 vol% SiO2 and 2.13 vol% CuO, respectively. Furthermore, the morphological results of the tensile fractured surface revealed the homogenous distribution of nano-reinforced CuO and SiO2 particles in the specimens’ structure.

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology Approach to Recycling Aluminium Chips AA6061 by Optimum Hot Extrusion Parameter

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Syaiful Nizam Ab Rahim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Preheat Temperature ◽  
Rsm Model ◽  
Tensile Strenght

A method for recycling aluminium alloy chips by hot extrusion was studied as well as the possibility of using to recycle aluminium chips. As a result, according to an ANOVA analysis, preheat temperature is the most significant factor influencing the response variables investigated. Preheat temperature and the quadratic effect of factor preheat temperature provided a primary contribution to the responses investigated. Additionally, factor preheat time did not provide a significant contributing factor to the Ultimate Tensile Strenght. This developed the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model for ER12, which can now be used for analysis and predicting the Ultimate Tensile Strenght for recycling aluminium chip using the hot extrusion process. The Miscellaneous Design and Response Surface Methodology enabled the determination of optimal operating conditions for obtaining hot extrusion production. The optimization of the analyzed responses demonstrated that the best results for hot extrusion process parameter. It reveals the empirical models developed were reasonably accurate, particularly for UTS at 550°C temperature and 3 hours preheating time. All the actual values for the confirmation run are within the 95% prediction interval.

Optimisation of the Oil Extraction from Nigella sativa Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Gabriela Isopencu ◽  
Mirela Marfa ◽  
Iuliana Jipa ◽  
Marta Stroescu ◽  
Anicuta Stoica Guzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Pareto Analysis ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Experimental Values

Nigella sativa, also known as black cumin, an annual herbaceous plant growing especially in Mediterranean countries, has recently gained considerable interest not only for its use as spice and condiment but also for its healthy properties of the fixed and essential oil and its potential as a biofuel. Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil, due to its high content in linoleic acid followed by oleic and palmitic acid, could be beneficial to human health. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum conditions for the solvent extraction of Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil using a three-level, three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained experimental data, fitted by a second-order polynomial equation were analysed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA). From a total of 10 coefficients of the statistical model only 5 are important. The obtained experimental values agreed with the predicted ones.

scholarly journals Optimization of Extrusion Process for Producing High Antioxidant Instant Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hypochondriacus</i> L.) Flour Using Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (10) ◽  
pp. 1516-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Milán-Carrillo ◽  
Alvaro Montoya-Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado ◽  
Xiomara Perales-Sánchez ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Amaranthus Hypochondriacus

Optimization of phenolics and antioxidants extraction from Centaurium erythraea using response surface methodology

2021 ◽  
pp. 6455-6462
Author(s):  
Wissam Zam ◽  
Ali Ali ◽  
Dimah Saleem ◽  
Sahar Alali
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Centaurium Erythraea

In recent years, Centaurium erythraea extracts have attracted much research attention in the context of prevention or treatment of many diseases due to its bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity. The antioxidants of C. erythraea are very effective as they possess excellent antioxidant activity. Thus, it can be used as a safe and natural food preservative. The aim of this study is to make extracts more effective by optimizing the extraction conditions of the phenolics and antioxidants from C. erythraea using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD). Two process variables (Methanol volume fraction and solid - solvent ratio) were evaluated at five levels (13 experimental designs). Multiple regression analyses were performed to obtain quadratic polynomial equations using RSM; each response was fitted by a quadratic model. The adequacy of the models was proven using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant effects of the factors and their interactions on the extraction efficiency were investigated at 95% confidence interval. RSM indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were 71% methanol volume fraction and 2.2:10 solid:solvent ratio. Predicted values thus obtained were close to the experimental values indicating suitability of the model.

Strength Performance of Micro Alumina Reinforced Direct Recycled AA6061 Chips Based Matrix Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 961 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Muntadher S. Msebawi ◽  
Jayaprakash Murugesan ◽  
Shazarel Shamsudin ◽  
Mohammad Hussein Rady ◽  
Huda M. Sabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Preheating Temperature ◽  
Metal Chips ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Full Factorial

Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) becomes a primary concern in direct recycling of metal chips. This study investigates the influences of preheating temperature, preheating time and volume fraction of alumina on the tensile strength performance. The parameters of temperature, time and volume fraction of micro alumina were varied between 450 - 550 oC, 1 - 3 hours and 5 - 15% respectively. The full factorial design with center point analysis was employed to analyse the effect of process variables on the response. A total of 19 experimental runs were performed through the hot extrusion operation. The preheating temperature and volume fraction were identified as the key variables affecting the UTS. An optimum UTS was obtained for the profile extruded at 550 oC, 3 hours duration and 5% volume fraction of alumina.

scholarly journals Optimization of electro-Fenton oxidation of carbonated soft drink industry wastewater using response surface methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Reza Davarnejad ◽  
Jamal Azizi ◽  
Amir Joodaki ◽  
Sepideh Mansoori
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
The Impact

The immense volume of highly polluted organic wastewater continuously generated in the beverage industry urges the design of new types of wastewater treatment plants. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the electro-Fenton (EF) technique to reduce organic pollution of real effluent from a carbonated soft drink factory. The impact of various process variables like pH, time, current density, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio, and the volume ratio of H2O2/soft drink wastewater (SDW) was analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The observed responses were in good agreement with predicted values obtained through optimization. The optimum conditions showed a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 73.07 %, pH of 4.14, time of 41.55 min, current density of 46.12 mA/cm2, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio of 0.9802, and H2O2/SDW volume fraction of 2.74 ml/l. The EF process was able to effectively diminish the organic pollution, reduce the residence time and, therefore, the operating costs.

Optimization of photolysis of diclofenac using a response surface methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Kwon Im ◽  
Moon-Kyung Kim ◽  
Kyung-Duk Zoh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Pareto Analysis ◽  
Determination Coefficient

This study investigates the effects of environmental parameters such as UV intensity (X1, 2.1 ∼ 6.3 mW/cm2), Fe(III) (X2, 0 ∼ 0.94 mg/L), NO3− (X3, 0 ∼ 20 mg/L) and humic acid (X4, 0 ∼ 30 mg/L) on the removal efficiency of diclofenac (DCF, Y), and optimization using a response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD). According to analysis of variance and t-test results (p &lt; 0.001), the proposed quadratic BBD model based on a total of 29 experimental runs fitted well to the experimental data. Moreover, the determination coefficient (R2 = 0.990) and adjusted determination coefficient (Ra2 = 0.981) indicated that this model is adequate with a high goodness-of-fit. Variables of X1, X2 and X3 had significant positive contributions (p &lt; 0.001), while X4 had significant negative contribution to the DCF removal (p &lt; 0.001). A Pareto analysis showed that X4 was the most important factor (57.18%) in DCF photolytic removal. The predicted and observed DCF removal were 94.98 and 94.2% under optimal conditions (X1 = 6.29 mW/cm2, X2 = 0.75 mg/L, X3 = 15.65 mg/L and X4 = zero), respectively. The RSM not only gives valuable information on the interactions between these photoreactive species (UV intensity, Fe(III), NO3−, and humic acid) that influence DCF removal, but also identifies the optimal conditions for effective DCF removal in water.

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