scholarly journals Models of Wealth and Inequality Using Fiscal Microdata: Distribution in Spain from 2015 to 2020

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Ignacio González García ◽  
Alfonso Mateos Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Process ◽  
Mixture Analysis ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Data Granularity

In this research, we used Spanish wealth distribution microdata for the period 2015–2020 to provide a general framework for comparing different models and explaining different empirical datasets related to wealth distribution. We present a methodology to output the current value of assets and participations held by the population in order to calculate their real and current distribution. We propose a new methodology for mixture analysis, whereby we identify and analyze subpopulations and then go on to study their influence on wealth distribution. We use concepts of symmetry to identify two internal processes that are characteristic of the wealth accumulation process for the subpopulations of entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. Finally, we propose a method to adjust these results to other empirical data in other countries and periods, providing a methodology for comparing results output with differing data granularity.

scholarly journals Nonlocal Reaction-Diffusion Models of Heterogeneous Wealth Distribution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malay Banerjee ◽  
Sergei V. Petrovskii ◽  
Vitaly Volpert
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Nonlocal Reaction

Dynamics of human populations can be affected by various socio-economic factors through their influence on the natality and mortality rates, and on the migration intensity and directions. In this work we study an economic-demographic model which takes into account the dependence of the wealth production rate on the available resources. In the case of nonlocal consumption of resources the homogeneous in space wealth-population distribution is replaced by a periodic in space distribution for which the total wealth increases. For the global consumption of resources, if the wealth redistribution is small enough, then the homogeneous distribution is replaced by a heterogeneous one with a single wealth accumulation center. Thus, economic and demographic characteristics of nonlocal and global economies can be quite different in comparison with the local economy.

scholarly journals Religious Beliefs And Wealth Accumulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
E. Anne York ◽  
Marilyn Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Precise Measure ◽  
The Relationship

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-pagination: none;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">One of the more interesting findings in the research on household wealth is the relationship between religion and wealth accumulation. In contrast to previous studies that use denominational affiliation, we use a more precise measure of religious belief constructed from responses to survey questions regarding interpretation of the Bible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Regression results indicate that households with more literalist Biblical beliefs have lower net worth overall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Additional analysis using quantile regression reveals that this relationship holds only for the upper half of the wealth distribution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is no relationship at lower levels of wealth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally, while more literalist households are less likely to have an investment account or to have ever received an inheritance, they are more likely to own a home and to have a positive net worth.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

scholarly journals Augmented wealth in Switzerland: the influence of pension wealth on wealth inequality

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursina Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Occupational Pensions ◽  
Pension Wealth

Abstract Entitlements for social security and occupational pensions present a major wealth component and play a central role for financial security. However, most individual-level data lacks information on pension wealth. By linking various data sources, this contribution estimates the present value of future pension entitlements in Switzerland for statutory pensions, occupational pensions and third pillar accounts and analyses the distribution of augmented wealth, which combines pension wealth and net worth. The CH-SILC survey from 2015 is used to estimate real assets, financial assets and pension wealth of retired individuals. The pension entitlements of non-retired individuals are simulated on the basis of their earning history from administrative records following the accrual method and assuming a real discount rate of 2%. When pension wealth is added to net worth, average wealth doubles, and the Gini-coefficient declines by 26%. The equalising effect is particularly strong for social security pensions. The wealth distribution differs strongly between the three pillars of the pension system; there are also strong differences between gender and age groups. In Switzerland, wealth accumulation continues after retirement age.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH IN THE BLANCHARD–YAARI MODEL

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Benhabib ◽  
Alberto Bisin ◽  
Shenghao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth

We study the dynamics of the distribution of wealth in an economy with infinitely lived agents, intergenerational transmission of wealth, and redistributive fiscal policy. We show that wealth accumulation with idiosyncratic investment risk and uncertain lifetimes can generate a double Pareto wealth distribution.

Understanding the Unequal Post-Great Recession Wealth Recovery for American Families

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisi Zhang ◽  
Shuaizhang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Survey Of Consumer Finances ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Consumer Finances ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Family Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Race Ethnicity

AbstractThe wealth of US families had not returned to its prerecession level by 2013, six years after the onset of the Great Recession. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of this slow and uneven episode of wealth recovery, using family-level data from the Survey of Consumer Finances 1989–2013. Both descriptive results and regressions controlling for life cycle wealth accumulation show that families of color and less-educated families are falling behind in wealth recovery because their wealth portfolios are concentrated in housing, which has recovered very slowly. The decomposition results suggest that homeownership plays a significant role in explaining wealth disparity by race, ethnicity, and education at the mean and bottom of the wealth distribution. Understanding the uneven wealth recovery has important implications for redesigning asset-related policies and narrowing wealth gaps.

scholarly journals Nonlocal Reaction–Diffusion Models of Heterogeneous Wealth Distribution

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Malay Banerjee ◽  
Sergei V. Petrovskii ◽  
Vitaly Volpert
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Nonlocal Reaction

Dynamics of human populations can be affected by various socio-economic factors through their influence on the natality and mortality rates, and on the migration intensity and directions. In this work we study an economic–demographic model which takes into account the dependence of the wealth production rate on the available resources. In the case of nonlocal consumption of resources, the homogeneous-in-space wealth–population distribution is replaced by a periodic-in-space distribution for which the total wealth increases. For the global consumption of resources, if the wealth redistribution is small enough, then the homogeneous distribution is replaced by a heterogeneous one with a single wealth accumulation center. Thus, economic and demographic characteristics of nonlocal and global economies can be quite different in comparison with the local economy.

scholarly journals Estimating Bilateral Remittances in a Macroeconomic Framework: Evidence from top Remittance-Receiving Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Keerti Mallela ◽  
Sunny Kumar Singh ◽  
Archana Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
New Method ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
New Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

Based on Ratha and Shaw’s (2007) model for estimating bilateral remittances, this study attempts to develop a new method for computing bilateral and aggregate remittances for the top five remittances-receiving countries for the period 2010-16. Considering tempered altruism as a motive for sending remittances, we develop an analytical framework based on the lifecycle hypothesis of saving to compute bilateral and aggregate remittances. We compare our bilateral and aggregate remittance values with the World Bank's values based on Ratha and Shaw’s (2007) model. Our analytical framework seems to be an improvement over the Ratha and Shaw model in several ways. First, our model considers several theoretical aspects of motivations to remit like saving, investment and wealth accumulation. Second, it addresses the issues of underestimation and overestimation, i.e. inaccuracy, of bilateral and aggregate remittances in various ways (for instance, by considering GDP per capita instead of GNI per capita we control for overestimation of remittances whereas by considering every kind of migrants from all destination countries we control for underestimation) and mitigates the probability of both these issues through the proposed model. Third, it compares regional bilateral remittances between the new model and the Ratha and Shaw model, delving on the reasons behind underestimation and overestimation, i.e. inaccuracy. We conclude that our analytical model has the potential to provide a general framework for computing bilateral and aggregate remittances which can be used for most of the remittance-receiving countries.

Dependency 4.0: Theoretical Considerations and the Brazilian Case

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110608
Author(s):  
Leda Maria Paulani
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Process ◽  
International Division ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Brazilian Case

The liberalization of markets for goods and assets that took place beginning in the 1980s, alongside a strengthening of the resulting transnationalization of capital, did not alter the basic hierarchical organization of the global capitalist system. This new dependency, here called “dependency 4.0,” is based on the rent seeking that marks the contemporary wealth accumulation process and ongoing technological progress. Brazil’s incorporation into the international division of labor is emblematic of this type of subordination. A liberalização dos mercados de bens e ativos que teve lugar a partir dos anos 1980 e o fortalecimento da transnacionalização do capital que resultou daí não alteraram o pressuposto fundamental da prevalência de uma organização hierárquica no sistema capitalista mundial. Um novo tipo de dependência a relacionar países centrais e periféricos, dependência 4.0, estaria assentada no rentismo que marca hoje o processo de acumulação e na natureza do progresso tecnológico em curso. O caso do Brasil—a história de sua inserção na divisão internacional do trabalho—é emblemática desse novo tipo de subordinação.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Financial Literacy and Family Wealth Distribution in Bandung

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Aswin Rahadi ◽  
Jasmine Danella ◽  
L. Okdinawati
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Asian Financial Crisis ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Family Wealth ◽  
Literacy Level

Indonesia was considerably hit by the Asian financial crisis in 1997. Fortunately, since the crisis, Indonesia GDP steadily increased from $857 in 2000 to $3,603 in 2016 (World Bank, 2017). However, around 10% of the entire populations still live below the poverty line in 2016. Based on the results of the OJK survey, financial literacy level of Indonesia was 29.66% in 2016. It increased by 7.82% from 2013 alongside with reduction of poverty rate of Indonesia, which decreased from 11.47% in 2013 to 10.70% in 2016. Therefore, is there any relationship between financial literacy and poverty rate or wealth accumulation? From the result of a pilot testing, we hope to find the significant relationship between financial literacy and wealth of families in Bandung.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship and Household Saving

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Gentry ◽  
R. Glenn Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Household Saving ◽  
Consumer Finances ◽  
Saving Rates ◽  
Saving Decisions ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Using data from the 1983 and 1989 Federal Reserve Board Surveys of Consumer Finances, we quantify three findings about entrepreneurial saving decisions and their role in household wealth accumulation. First, entrepreneurial households own a substantial share of household wealth and income, and this share increases throughout the wealth distribution and the income distribution. Second, the portfolios of entrepreneurial households, even wealthy ones, are very undiversified, with the bulk of assets held within active businesses. Third, wealth-income ratios and saving rates are higher for entrepreneurial households even after controlling for age and other demographic variables. Taken together, these findings suggest that studies of household saving decisions in general and of the savings decisions of wealthy or high-income households in particular have paid insufficient attention to the role of entrepreneurial decisions and their role in wealth accumulation.

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