scholarly journals A Bayesian-Deep Learning Model for Estimating COVID-19 Evolution in Spain

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 2921
Author(s):  
Stefano Cabras
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Expert Elicitation ◽  
Gamma Model ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Posterior Predictive Distribution ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Modelling Approach

This work proposes a semi-parametric approach to estimate the evolution of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in Spain. Considering the sequences of 14-day cumulative incidence of all Spanish regions, it combines modern Deep Learning (DL) techniques for analyzing sequences with the usual Bayesian Poisson-Gamma model for counts. The DL model provides a suitable description of the observed time series of counts, but it cannot give a reliable uncertainty quantification. The role of expert elicitation of the expected number of counts and its reliability is DL predictions’ role in the proposed modelling approach. Finally, the posterior predictive distribution of counts is obtained in a standard Bayesian analysis using the well known Poisson-Gamma model. The model allows to predict the future evolution of the sequences on all regions or estimates the consequences of eventual scenarios.

scholarly journals Towards 6G IoT: Tracing Mobile Sensor Nodes with Deep Learning Clustering in UAV Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3936
Author(s):  
Yannis Spyridis ◽  
Thomas Lagkas ◽  
Panagiotis Sarigiannidis ◽  
Vasileios Argyriou ◽  
Antonios Sarigiannidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Rf Signal ◽  
Deep Learning Model

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the role of flying anchor nodes have been proposed to assist the localisation of terrestrial Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and provide relay services in the context of the upcoming 6G networks. This paper considered the objective of tracing a mobile IoT device of unknown location, using a group of UAVs that were equipped with received signal strength indicator (RSSI) sensors. The UAVs employed measurements of the target’s radio frequency (RF) signal power to approach the target as quickly as possible. A deep learning model performed clustering in the UAV network at regular intervals, based on a graph convolutional network (GCN) architecture, which utilised information about the RSSI and the UAV positions. The number of clusters was determined dynamically at each instant using a heuristic method, and the partitions were determined by optimising an RSSI loss function. The proposed algorithm retained the clusters that approached the RF source more effectively, removing the rest of the UAVs, which returned to the base. Simulation experiments demonstrated the improvement of this method compared to a previous deterministic approach, in terms of the time required to reach the target and the total distance covered by the UAVs.

scholarly journals Multimodal Multi-tasking for Skin Lesion Classification Using Deep Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Rafaela Carvalho ◽  
João Pedrosa ◽  
Tudor Nedelcu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Lesion Classification

AbstractSkin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and, with its increasing incidence, accurate early diagnosis is crucial to improve prognosis of patients. In the process of visual inspection, dermatologists follow specific dermoscopic algorithms and identify important features to provide a diagnosis. This process can be automated as such characteristics can be extracted by computer vision techniques. Although deep neural networks can extract useful features from digital images for skin lesion classification, performance can be improved by providing additional information. The extracted pseudo-features can be used as input (multimodal) or output (multi-tasking) to train a robust deep learning model. This work investigates the multimodal and multi-tasking techniques for more efficient training, given the single optimization of several related tasks in the latter, and generation of better diagnosis predictions. Additionally, the role of lesion segmentation is also studied. Results show that multi-tasking improves learning of beneficial features which lead to better predictions, and pseudo-features inspired by the ABCD rule provide readily available helpful information about the skin lesion.

scholarly journals ROCKY SHORELINE EXTRACTION USING A DEEP LEARNING MODEL AND OBJECT-BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B3-2021 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
S. Bengoufa ◽  
S. Niculescu ◽  
M. K. Mihoubi ◽  
R. Belkessa ◽  
K. Abbad
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Object Based Image Analysis ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Deep Learning Model

Abstract. In the context of the increasing anthropogenic influence on the coastal areas that are subject to high climate variability, the main challenge is to understand its current dynamics and to predict its future evolution. Therefore, monitoring of the shoreline kinematics is a key factor for the coastal erosion assessment and an essential feature for the sustainable management of these naturally vulnerable areas.This work focuses on the detection and extraction of the shoreline, basing on a specific remote sensing methodology using Very High Resolution (VHR) optical images. Indeed, an integrated approach based on a Deep Learning model, which is the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) has been developed. This study aims to evaluate the methodological contribution of this integrated approach for the (semi)-automatic extraction of the rocky shoreline, for which the botanical indicator has been chosen. Therefore the upper limit of black marine lichen has been detected and extracted as the target shoreline. It is the first indication of a (semi)-automatic detection of such a complex type of shoreline.The classification results derived from the combined CNN model and OBIA methods had achieved a high overall accuracy of 0.94. The extracted shoreline have been compared to a shoreline of reference derived from a traditional method that is a manual digitizing. The distances between the two shorelines has been calculated in order to assess the accuracy of the extraction method. This comparison revealed that 76% of the extracted shoreline lies within 1 m, and 35% lies within 0.5 m of reference one. Therefore, the CNN model integrated to OBIA was successfully shown to be a good method for shoreline extraction and could offer an immediate insight regarding rocky shoreline position, providing an alternative to its monitoring.

Improving Sentiment Analysis using Hybrid Deep Learning Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandra Pandey ◽  
Dharmveer Singh Rajpoot
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Sentiment Classification ◽  
Deep Learning Model

Background: Sentiment analysis is a contextual mining of text which determines viewpoint of users with respect to some sentimental topics commonly present at social networking websites. Twitter is one of the social sites where people express their opinion about any topic in the form of tweets. These tweets can be examined using various sentiment classification methods to find the opinion of users. Traditional sentiment analysis methods use manually extracted features for opinion classification. The manual feature extraction process is a complicated task since it requires predefined sentiment lexicons. On the other hand, deep learning methods automatically extract relevant features from data hence; they provide better performance and richer representation competency than the traditional methods. Objective: The main aim of this paper is to enhance the sentiment classification accuracy and to reduce the computational cost. Method: To achieve the objective, a hybrid deep learning model, based on convolution neural network and bi-directional long-short term memory neural network has been introduced. Results: The proposed sentiment classification method achieves the highest accuracy for the most of the datasets. Further, from the statistical analysis efficacy of the proposed method has been validated. Conclusion: Sentiment classification accuracy can be improved by creating veracious hybrid models. Moreover, performance can also be enhanced by tuning the hyper parameters of deep leaning models.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Model Comparison for Vision-Based Classification of Full/Empty-Load Trucks in Earthmoving Operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Liu ◽  
Chen Feng ◽  
Zida Song ◽  
Joseph Louis ◽  
Jian Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Contact Field

Earthmoving is an integral civil engineering operation of significance, and tracking its productivity requires the statistics of loads moved by dump trucks. Since current truck loads’ statistics methods are laborious, costly, and limited in application, this paper presents the framework of a novel, automated, non-contact field earthmoving quantity statistics (FEQS) for projects with large earthmoving demands that use uniform and uncovered trucks. The proposed FEQS framework utilizes field surveillance systems and adopts vision-based deep learning for full/empty-load truck classification as the core work. Since convolutional neural network (CNN) and its transfer learning (TL) forms are popular vision-based deep learning models and numerous in type, a comparison study is conducted to test the framework’s core work feasibility and evaluate the performance of different deep learning models in implementation. The comparison study involved 12 CNN or CNN-TL models in full/empty-load truck classification, and the results revealed that while several provided satisfactory performance, the VGG16-FineTune provided the optimal performance. This proved the core work feasibility of the proposed FEQS framework. Further discussion provides model choice suggestions that CNN-TL models are more feasible than CNN prototypes, and models that adopt different TL methods have advantages in either working accuracy or speed for different tasks.

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