scholarly journals Analysis of dental caries prevention program in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian schoolchildren

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Kristina Saldūnaitė ◽  
Alina Pūrienė ◽  
Simona Milčiuvienė ◽  
Vilma Brukienė ◽  
Jelena Kutkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Fissure Sealing ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Objective. The present study aimed to assess dental status in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian children and to evaluate the extent and the efficiency of the Pit and Fissure Sealing in Permanent Molars program. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was performed between September 2007 and May 2008. Children, aged 7–12 years, from secondary schools in five biggest cities of Lithuania were invited for the examination using a cluster random sampling method. The data for the present study were collected following the general principles for basic oral health surveys of the World Health Organization. Results. The prevalence of dental caries was 85.5%, 88.9%, and 70.6% in 7–8-, 9–10-, and 12-year olds, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent molars increased with age and became as high as 57.7% in 12-year-old children. The data showed that the mean number of sealed teeth depends on the county and ranged from 0.83 (1.31) to 1.45 (1.85) in 7–8-year olds, from 0.95 (1.29) to 2.54 (1.15) in 9–10-year olds, and from 0.26 to 2.13 (1.15) in 12-year olds. Conclusions. The prevalence and incidence of dental caries in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian children are high. Only half of all examined children have at least one sealed molar. The financial resources allocated for the Pit and Fissure Sealing in Permanent Molars program were used insufficiently; therefore, there is a need for systematic measures in order to improve the efficacy of the aforementioned program.

scholarly journals Assessment of quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using World Health Organization quality of life-BREF questionnaire and appraisal of diabetes scale - a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya Patil ◽  
Yamini Patil ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Patil
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that disturbs the quality of life (QOL) of patients. Therefore, evaluation of diabetes- related QOL could be a key outcome measure for its management. This study assessed the QOL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life (QOL)˗BREF questionnaire and disease-specific appraisal of diabetes scale (ADS). In this cross-sectional study, 520 T2DM patients were included. Patients’ demographic data, clinical information was collected through interviews, and the WHOQOL-BREF instrument and ADS were used for the QOL of patients. Statistical analysis was performed by using R software (Version 3.6.0). The mean ADS scores were lower in controlled diabetic subjects (18.50±3.08) and higher in uncontrolled diabetic subjects (19.29±2.73) (P<0.05). For WHOQOL-BREF, the mean scores for all the domains (overall general health, physical, psychological, social, and environmental) were significantly higher in controlled diabetic subjects (P<0.001). In addition, the age, duration of diabetes, associated comorbidities, treatment, and HbA1c level of patients showed a highly significant correlation with WHOQOL-BREF (P<0.001). Diabetic patients had poor-to-average QOL. Therefore, public health measures and education of diabetic patients are essential to create more awareness for improving the QOL of T2DM.

scholarly journals Correlating Dental Caries with Tooth Brushing Frequency, Type of Toothpaste and Dental Visits

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 009-015
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Ritu Jindal ◽  
Rohini Dua ◽  
Ripin Garewal ◽  
Parveen Bathla
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Aim: This study was done to evaluate correlation of Dental Caries status with frequency of tooth brushing, type of toothpaste and regular dental visits in children. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out randomly on 2500 school children of two age groups viz. 12 and 15 years, and caries examination was done using WHO (World Health organization) 1997 criteria in order to correlate with various risk factors viz. brushing frequency, use of fluoridated/non-fluoridated toothpaste and frequency of child's visit to dental clinic. Results: In both the age groups brushing frequency and type of toothpaste used insignificantly affected caries while evidence that frequency of child's visit to dental clinic reduces caries risk was also not substantial. Conclusion: The present study implicates that due to complex multifactorial nature of dental caries, its prevention still remains an enigma for the dental professional and society.

scholarly journals Maternal anxiety, social status, and dental caries formation in children: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 6206-6214
Author(s):  
Zerrin Hatipoğlu ◽  
Damla Akşit-Bıçak
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Objective We sought to evaluate the association of maternal anxiety and social status with caries formation in children. Methods Participants comprised 258 pairs of children and their mothers. We collected information regarding age, sex, birth order of children, and mothers’ education and marital status using a questionnaire. The Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to determine maternal trait anxiety levels. The children underwent oral examination. Total values for decayed, missing, filled, and total permanent/primary teeth (DMFT/dmft) were evaluated according to standards of the World Health Organization. Results No significant relationship was found between the mother's anxiety level and DMFT/dmft scores in their children. A negative correlation was observed between the child’s age and dental caries in children. The sex of the child, mother's education level, and marital status of the mother showed a weak negative correlation with the number of dental caries observed in their children. Conclusion Although social, economic, and environmental factors might contribute substantially to the development of dental caries, we failed to demonstrate a clear relationship between maternal anxiety and social status and dental caries in children. We can therefore conclude that biological factors are decisive in the formation of dental caries among children.

scholarly journals New Growth Curves for Spanish Children (0–10 Years) in the Region of Extremadura

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8953
Author(s):  
Luis Pardo-Galán ◽  
Raquel Pastor-Cisneros ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo ◽  
José Adsuar ◽  
Miguel García-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

The anthropometric reference data used to examine the growth pattern of children in Spain are obtained from studies carried out several years ago. In the region of Extremadura, the tables obtained by the Faustino Obergozo Foundation, which date back to 2004, are used. The first objective of this work is to develop growth tables and graphs that accurately reflect the somatometric variables of children in Extremadura. Secondly, the averages of these variables by sex will be compared to determine if there are significant differences between them. A database provided by the General Directorate of Planning, Training, and Health and Social Quality of the Regional Government of Extremadura was used, which contains the measurements of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of boys and girls in Extremadura between the years 2006–2016. The database was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and the R software version 3.5.1, considering a cross-sectional study. As a result, the tables and growth graphs of Extremadura’s population base for weight and height are presented, from birth to 10 years, as well as comparisons of the average values of the analyzed variables between boys and girls. We found that there are significant differences in the mean values, according to sex, of the height and weight. On the other hand, BMI progressed normally when comparing the results of the Extremadura population with those reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO). Differences were found when comparing the results with those obtained by the Faustino Orbegozo Foundation.

scholarly journals A Study on Assessment of Knowledge and To Create Awareness Regarding COVID-19 Infection and Its Preventive Measures among Health Care Students and Non-Health Care Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Ch. O. V. Nagateja ◽  
P. Bhavya Sree ◽  
G. Padma Sri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared covid-19 as a pandemic on 11th march 2020. Since no treatment is available, following preventive measures is only the effective way to stop the spread of covid-19. This study aimed to assess knowledge regarding covid-19 and its preventive measures and to create awareness about covid-19 among healthcare students and non-healthcare students. Methods: An online cross sectional study was conducted in 2 months i.e., from 1st Aug. 2020 to 30th Sept. 2020 among healthcare students and non-health care students. To determine the scoring of questionnaire, mean of knowledge scores and standard deviation were calculated. Results: A total of 766 students were participated in this study. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 23. Males were 496 and females were 270. Health care students were 423 and 343 students are non-health care students. Overall knowledge about covid-19 infection was good among 480 students, average among 183 students and was poor among 103 students. The mean knowledge score of healthcare students (8.41) is higher than non-health care students (6.11) towards covid-19 infection and its preventive measures. Conclusion: This study reveals that majority of the students were knowledgeable about covid-19 infection and its preventive measures. The mean knowledge score of healthcare students (8.41) is higher than non-health care students (6.11) indicating that the health care students have more knowledge. Though the overall knowledge on covid-19 was good enough among health care students and non-health care students, still there is a need for education to increase knowledge especially among non-health care students. Keywords: SARS-COV 2 virus, Covid-19 infection, health care students, non-healthcare students, knowledge, awareness, India.

scholarly journals Changes in Caries Prevalence and Oral Hygiene Skills Among Preschool-Aged Children in Lithuania Between 2000 and 2010

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Jaunė Razmienė ◽  
Giedrius Vanagas ◽  
Eglė Bendoraitienė ◽  
Vilija Andriuškevičienė ◽  
Eglė Slabšinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

The aim of the study was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence and severity of dental caries as well oral hygiene habits among 4- to 6-year-old children in Kaunas (Lithuania) in 2000 and 2010. Material and Methods. A repeated cross-sectional study was carried out to reveal the changes in dental caries prevalence in 2000 and 2010. The study population comprised 4- to 6-year-old children living in Kaunas city and attending kindergartens. The study consisted of two parts: questionnaires on oral health behavior and clinical examination of children’s teeth by the World Health Organization methodology. Results. A total of 941 4–6-year-old children were examined in 2000 and 2010. The prevalence of dental caries increased from 85.4% in 2000 to 88.4% in 2010; however, the difference was not significant (P=0.28). A significant increase in the dmf-t index, describing the severity of dental caries, was observed (from 7.42 in 2000 to 12.03 in 2010, P<0.001). The percentage of 4- to 5-yearold girls and 5-year-old boys brushing their teeth regularly decreased in 2010. During the period of the study, a significant change in the accumulation of plaque on children’s tooth surfaces was documented (P=0.001). Conclusions. Comparing 2000 and 2010, no significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries among 4- to 6-year-old children in Kaunas was observed; however, the severity of dental caries differed significantly. A significant decrease in regular toothbrushing skills was documented for 4- and 5-year-old girls and 5-year-old boys. The Silness-Loe oral hygiene index was assessed as satisfactory.

scholarly journals Association between clinical manifestations of sickle cell anaemia in children and the occurrence of dental caries: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Santos Carvalho ◽  
Danilo Antônio Da Silva Duarte ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes ◽  
Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussu ◽  
Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caries Epidemiology ◽  
Pain Crisis ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia (including hospitalization and pain crisis) and dental caries in children in Bahia. Material and Methods: The study design was crosssectional, and the population included children aged from 6 to 96 months from August 2007 to July 2008 (N = 686). Interviews were performed to identify the sociodemographic profiles of the participants, and oral examinations were conducted by three examiners who were previously trained and calibrated to identify the presence of dental caries according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed for confirmatory analysis and estimation of confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The results showed that pain crises and hospitalizations were positively associated with caries (crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.11 and adjusted OR = 1.24; crude OR = 2.50 and adjusted OR = 1.46, respectively), but these associations were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The severity of the sickle cell condition alone was not sufficient to aggravate the prevalence of caries; thus, there are no major differences in caries prevalence between children with and without sickle cell disease.KEYWORDSSickle cell anemia; Dental caries; Epidemiology; Paediatrics.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-east Gabon.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo Karl IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU ◽  
Barthélemy NGOUBANGOYE ◽  
Serge Ely DIBAKOU ◽  
Lydie Sandrine OYEGUE-LIBAGUI ◽  
Franck MOUNIOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has spread from China to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices (KAP) of the Gabonese public towards the COVID-19 disease.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1016 participants aged 10 years and over in rural and urban area in south-east Gabon, using a questionnaire. All participants filled the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice toward the COVID-19. ResultsAmong the 1016 participants, there were 535 men (52.7%) and 476 women (46.9%). The mean age of the participants was 33.2±16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. Only 20.9% of respondents thought that vaccination can protect them but 51.9% were looking forward to getting the vaccine when available. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknobs (83.5%), and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban area than those living in rural areas, and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIn general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, and a positive attitude towards using protective measures. These results are encouraging in the fight against the spread of COVID-19 in Gabon. However, efforts are needed to improve the knowledge level in older participants, those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education. Awareness campaigns in local languages could, for example, be conducted to improve knowledge of the disease in rural areas.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia Among Schedule Caste Women in Rural Area of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Amar Kumar Sinha ◽  
Chandra Prakash Gaire ◽  
Babu Ram Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schedule Caste ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia of schedule caste women in Rural area ofeastern Nepal is a prominent problem in developing countries. On the present study is to determine the prevalence of anemia of schedule caste women of Baijnathpur, eastern Nepal.  A Cross sectional study was conducted to the schedule caste non -pregnant women of the age group 20 - >70 years during August - November 2015.A total 432 women were participant in the present study. Cyanmethamoglobin used for the determination of anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia was found to be 242(56%) out of N= 432 women. Anaemia was classified as per the world health organization (WHO), mild, moderate and severe. The highest prevalence of anaemia 66.7% was found at the age group of 50-59 years and second highest 59.3% was found at the age group of 20-29 years of the anaemic population. The mean and SD of haemoglobin were 11.49±2.05gm/dl and 10.14±1.57 gm/dl of total and anaemic population respectively  Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 264-268

scholarly journals Dental caries and oral hygiene practices among school children in Chennai, India: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Shanthi Ramesh ◽  
S. Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Dental caries is commonly seen among school children. The World Health Organization has stated it to be one of the leading non-communicable diseases. Objective of study the prevalence of dental caries among school children and to study the oral hygiene practices in the occurrence of dental caries.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 307 school children aged 10-15 years. Each child was asked about the dental hygiene practices and was examined for the presence of caries.Results: The prevalence of dental caries among school children was found to be 48.9 % with the 95% CI of 43.3% - 54.4%. The prevalence of dental caries was high among children 10-12 years of age 95(53.6%) compared to 55 (42.3%) among children in the age group of 13-15 years (p=0.05). Daily sweet consumption was significantly associated with a higher prevalence 40 (63.5%) of dental caries (p=0.01). Children not consuming vegetables and fruits everyday had a higher prevalence 76.5% dental caries (p = 0.03). Children who are not practicing night brushing had a higher prevalence of 112 (52.8%) of caries (p=0.04). The study showed that only 17.3% of the children visited a dental health care service.Conclusion: Authors found the prevalence of dental caries to be high. Health education regarding the importance of good oral hygiene practices such as night brushing, diet modification and periodic dental visits to all the school children will play a major role in the prevention of dental caries.

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