scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia Among Schedule Caste Women in Rural Area of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Amar Kumar Sinha ◽  
Chandra Prakash Gaire ◽  
Babu Ram Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schedule Caste ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia of schedule caste women in Rural area ofeastern Nepal is a prominent problem in developing countries. On the present study is to determine the prevalence of anemia of schedule caste women of Baijnathpur, eastern Nepal.  A Cross sectional study was conducted to the schedule caste non -pregnant women of the age group 20 - >70 years during August - November 2015.A total 432 women were participant in the present study. Cyanmethamoglobin used for the determination of anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia was found to be 242(56%) out of N= 432 women. Anaemia was classified as per the world health organization (WHO), mild, moderate and severe. The highest prevalence of anaemia 66.7% was found at the age group of 50-59 years and second highest 59.3% was found at the age group of 20-29 years of the anaemic population. The mean and SD of haemoglobin were 11.49±2.05gm/dl and 10.14±1.57 gm/dl of total and anaemic population respectively  Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 264-268

scholarly journals Assessment of quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using World Health Organization quality of life-BREF questionnaire and appraisal of diabetes scale - a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya Patil ◽  
Yamini Patil ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Patil
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that disturbs the quality of life (QOL) of patients. Therefore, evaluation of diabetes- related QOL could be a key outcome measure for its management. This study assessed the QOL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life (QOL)˗BREF questionnaire and disease-specific appraisal of diabetes scale (ADS). In this cross-sectional study, 520 T2DM patients were included. Patients’ demographic data, clinical information was collected through interviews, and the WHOQOL-BREF instrument and ADS were used for the QOL of patients. Statistical analysis was performed by using R software (Version 3.6.0). The mean ADS scores were lower in controlled diabetic subjects (18.50±3.08) and higher in uncontrolled diabetic subjects (19.29±2.73) (P<0.05). For WHOQOL-BREF, the mean scores for all the domains (overall general health, physical, psychological, social, and environmental) were significantly higher in controlled diabetic subjects (P<0.001). In addition, the age, duration of diabetes, associated comorbidities, treatment, and HbA1c level of patients showed a highly significant correlation with WHOQOL-BREF (P<0.001). Diabetic patients had poor-to-average QOL. Therefore, public health measures and education of diabetic patients are essential to create more awareness for improving the QOL of T2DM.

scholarly journals New Growth Curves for Spanish Children (0–10 Years) in the Region of Extremadura

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8953
Author(s):  
Luis Pardo-Galán ◽  
Raquel Pastor-Cisneros ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo ◽  
José Adsuar ◽  
Miguel García-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

The anthropometric reference data used to examine the growth pattern of children in Spain are obtained from studies carried out several years ago. In the region of Extremadura, the tables obtained by the Faustino Obergozo Foundation, which date back to 2004, are used. The first objective of this work is to develop growth tables and graphs that accurately reflect the somatometric variables of children in Extremadura. Secondly, the averages of these variables by sex will be compared to determine if there are significant differences between them. A database provided by the General Directorate of Planning, Training, and Health and Social Quality of the Regional Government of Extremadura was used, which contains the measurements of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of boys and girls in Extremadura between the years 2006–2016. The database was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and the R software version 3.5.1, considering a cross-sectional study. As a result, the tables and growth graphs of Extremadura’s population base for weight and height are presented, from birth to 10 years, as well as comparisons of the average values of the analyzed variables between boys and girls. We found that there are significant differences in the mean values, according to sex, of the height and weight. On the other hand, BMI progressed normally when comparing the results of the Extremadura population with those reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO). Differences were found when comparing the results with those obtained by the Faustino Orbegozo Foundation.

scholarly journals A Study on Assessment of Knowledge and To Create Awareness Regarding COVID-19 Infection and Its Preventive Measures among Health Care Students and Non-Health Care Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Ch. O. V. Nagateja ◽  
P. Bhavya Sree ◽  
G. Padma Sri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared covid-19 as a pandemic on 11th march 2020. Since no treatment is available, following preventive measures is only the effective way to stop the spread of covid-19. This study aimed to assess knowledge regarding covid-19 and its preventive measures and to create awareness about covid-19 among healthcare students and non-healthcare students. Methods: An online cross sectional study was conducted in 2 months i.e., from 1st Aug. 2020 to 30th Sept. 2020 among healthcare students and non-health care students. To determine the scoring of questionnaire, mean of knowledge scores and standard deviation were calculated. Results: A total of 766 students were participated in this study. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 23. Males were 496 and females were 270. Health care students were 423 and 343 students are non-health care students. Overall knowledge about covid-19 infection was good among 480 students, average among 183 students and was poor among 103 students. The mean knowledge score of healthcare students (8.41) is higher than non-health care students (6.11) towards covid-19 infection and its preventive measures. Conclusion: This study reveals that majority of the students were knowledgeable about covid-19 infection and its preventive measures. The mean knowledge score of healthcare students (8.41) is higher than non-health care students (6.11) indicating that the health care students have more knowledge. Though the overall knowledge on covid-19 was good enough among health care students and non-health care students, still there is a need for education to increase knowledge especially among non-health care students. Keywords: SARS-COV 2 virus, Covid-19 infection, health care students, non-healthcare students, knowledge, awareness, India.

scholarly journals Analysis of dental caries prevention program in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian schoolchildren

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Kristina Saldūnaitė ◽  
Alina Pūrienė ◽  
Simona Milčiuvienė ◽  
Vilma Brukienė ◽  
Jelena Kutkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Fissure Sealing ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Objective. The present study aimed to assess dental status in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian children and to evaluate the extent and the efficiency of the Pit and Fissure Sealing in Permanent Molars program. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was performed between September 2007 and May 2008. Children, aged 7–12 years, from secondary schools in five biggest cities of Lithuania were invited for the examination using a cluster random sampling method. The data for the present study were collected following the general principles for basic oral health surveys of the World Health Organization. Results. The prevalence of dental caries was 85.5%, 88.9%, and 70.6% in 7–8-, 9–10-, and 12-year olds, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent molars increased with age and became as high as 57.7% in 12-year-old children. The data showed that the mean number of sealed teeth depends on the county and ranged from 0.83 (1.31) to 1.45 (1.85) in 7–8-year olds, from 0.95 (1.29) to 2.54 (1.15) in 9–10-year olds, and from 0.26 to 2.13 (1.15) in 12-year olds. Conclusions. The prevalence and incidence of dental caries in 7–12-year-old Lithuanian children are high. Only half of all examined children have at least one sealed molar. The financial resources allocated for the Pit and Fissure Sealing in Permanent Molars program were used insufficiently; therefore, there is a need for systematic measures in order to improve the efficacy of the aforementioned program.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-east Gabon.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo Karl IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU ◽  
Barthélemy NGOUBANGOYE ◽  
Serge Ely DIBAKOU ◽  
Lydie Sandrine OYEGUE-LIBAGUI ◽  
Franck MOUNIOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has spread from China to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices (KAP) of the Gabonese public towards the COVID-19 disease.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1016 participants aged 10 years and over in rural and urban area in south-east Gabon, using a questionnaire. All participants filled the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice toward the COVID-19. ResultsAmong the 1016 participants, there were 535 men (52.7%) and 476 women (46.9%). The mean age of the participants was 33.2±16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. Only 20.9% of respondents thought that vaccination can protect them but 51.9% were looking forward to getting the vaccine when available. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknobs (83.5%), and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban area than those living in rural areas, and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIn general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, and a positive attitude towards using protective measures. These results are encouraging in the fight against the spread of COVID-19 in Gabon. However, efforts are needed to improve the knowledge level in older participants, those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education. Awareness campaigns in local languages could, for example, be conducted to improve knowledge of the disease in rural areas.

scholarly journals A study on the immunisation status and the factors responsible for incomplete immunization amongst children of age group 0-12 months coming to a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4331
Author(s):  
Shivani Sinha ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Setu Sinha ◽  
Varsha Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Vaccines are safe, simple and one of the most cost-effective way to save and improve the lives of children. The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme of Immunization in 1974 and Government of India launched the same in India on 1st January, 1978, with a view to provide protection to the children against disease and to reduce infant mortality rate.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS) of Patna district. The study unit were children of age group 0 to 12 months attending the immunisation clinic of IGIMS Patna. The study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017, for a period of 12 months.Results: About 40% of children were fully immunized, about 73.3% were having immunization card.Conclusions: Immunizations is one of the biggest public health achievements of the last century, saving millions of lives and preventing illness and lifelong disability in millions more. Many childhood diseases which is now preventable by vaccines often resulted in hospitalization, death or lifelong consequences only a few decades ago. Without immunizations, serious outbreaks of many of the diseases we are now protected from can reoccur. There is a need to create awareness regarding the importance of vaccination, as well as the consequences of partial immunization, parents views must also be taken into consideration when the programme is planned, especially those with a lower educational level.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Profiling of Blunt Trauma Cases Autopsied at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences

Med Phoenix ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Abdul Sami Khan ◽  
Bikash Sah ◽  
Tej Prakash Chataut ◽  
Shyam Babu Prasad ◽  
Gopal Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean

Background: Blunt trauma is a frequent emergency and is linked with significant morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization estimates that, by 2020, trauma will be the first or second leading cause of years of productive life lost for the entire population of the world. This study focuses to evaluate 150 cases of death due to blunt traumaMethods: A descriptive cross sectional study of 150 blunt trauma cases autopsied at department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of BP Koirala Institute of earth Sciences, Dharan during a period of April 2012 and April 2013 was done.Results: Among the 150 victims of blunt trauma, 110 were of RTA, 20 were from fall from height, 15 were physically assaulted and 5 were victims from collapse of roof/wall. 80% of the victims were males and 20% were females, the Male: Female ratio being 4:1. The mean age was 35.76 years, standard deviation being 17.49.  .7% belonged to the age group of 21-40 years. 40% incident happened in summer with 12.7% in the month of March. 33.3% incident happened during evening hours of 3 pm-6pm. 42.7% victims survived for less than 3 hours after the incident. 36.36% of RTA victims sustained injury from heavy four wheelers like buses, trucks, tractors. 50% of the falls were from the height of 21-30 feet. 53.33% of the victims of physical assault were assaulted with hands and legs. 46.6% sustained injury to brain.Conclusions: Research finding have shown that 80% of the victims were males and 20% were females, the male is to female ratio being 4:1. The mean age was 35.76 years, standard deviation being 17.49. 42.7% belonged to the age group 21-40 years. Age group was not a significant predictor of the gender involved in the cases. Med Phoenix. Vol. 3, Issue. 1, 2018, Page: 21-35 

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BREASTFEEDING AND OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY IN SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 7-14 YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Jakovljevic Pudla Wagner ◽  
Camila Elizandra Rossi ◽  
Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig ◽  
Mariane de Almeida Alves ◽  
Anabelle Retondario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of breastfeeding (BF) and the association between occurrence/duration of BF and overweight/obesity in schoolchildren aged 7-14 years. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2012-2013, on schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Weight and height were measured according to procedures of the World Health Organization. Breastfeeding and sociodemographic data were obtained from a questionnaire responded by parents/guardians. BF was categorized as a dichotomous variable (yes/no) and according to duration (months). Nutritional status was evaluated according to the Z score of the body mass index per age for sex and it was categorized into two groups: normal weight (<Z score+1) and overweight/obesity (≥Z score+1). The adjusted analysis was performed by logistic regression in two age strata (age groups of 7-10 and 11-14 years). Results: 6.6% of schoolchildren had never breastfed; 16.8% had been breastfed for ≤3 months; 16.7%, for 4-6 months; and 59.9%, for ≥7 months. No statistically significant differences were found in the occurrence and duration of BF between the age groups. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 34.2%. For age groups (7-10 and 11-14 years), the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 36.7% and 29.8%, respectively. Chance of overweight/obesity for the age group of 7-10 years was lower among schoolchildren who were breastfed (OR=0.54; 95%CI 0.33-0.88), when compared with those who never breastfed. When categorized, the chance of overweight/obesity in the age group of 7-10 years was lower for duration of BF ≤3 months (OR=0.41; 95%CI 0.20-0.83), and 4-6 months (OR=0.48; 95%CI 0.28-0.82) when compared with children who never breastfed. Conclusions: BF for at least six months was associated with a lower chance of overweight/obesity for schoolchildren aged 7-10 years. No association was found for schoolchildren aged 11-14 years.

scholarly journals The Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Kurdistan Province, Iran, from 2011 through 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Moradi ◽  
Ghobad Moradi ◽  
Bakhtiar Piroozi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Calculating the burden of diseases is essential for their monitoring. The burden of cardiovascular diseases in Kurdistan Province has not been reported. This study aimed at calculating the burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Kurdistan Province from 2011 through 2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, incidence data were extracted from registration systems. The methods of the World Health Organization (WHO) were employed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of cardiovascular diseases in the Kurdistan Province. DALYs were calculated by summing the years of life lost (YLLs) and the years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for sex, age group, and year. Results: The burden of cardiovascular diseases increased from 18569.1 DALYs in 2011 to 34929.8 DALYs in 2017. The highest increase and the largest decrease in DALY according to the all age-standardized DALYs index were related to acute myocardial infarction and heart failure in women, respectively. The highest DALYs in both sexes were in the age group of over 80 years. Conclusion: The burden of cardiovascular diseases is increasing in the Iranian province of Kurdistan. It is, therefore, essential to implement appropriate and adequate interventions such as lifestyle modification, extensive screening, public education promotion, and operational plan development. We hope our results will aid decision-makers in performing urgent interventions.

scholarly journals Public knowledge, attitude, practice towards acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine: a prospective cross-sectional study in Bangalore

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4914
Author(s):  
Aileen J. ◽  
Sneha Mukherjee ◽  
Seema Bista ◽  
Manasa Reddy ◽  
Chitrasree S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The world health organization has declared COVID-19 outbreak a global health emergency which has severely affected the health-care system, social networking and economic growth throughout the world. The aim of this study was to develop awareness strategy on knowledge, attitude and perception regarding COVID-19 vaccine among the general public in selected urban area of Bangalore.Methods: The survey was conducted among 400 respondents of Hebbal constituency, Bangalore, Karnataka (India) through a structured; open and close-ended questionnaire. Content validation was done to assess the validity and factor analysis for reliability. Collected data was analyzed by using ANOVA for testing the quantitative variables (age, gender, education level, employment status) and qualitative variables (knowledge, attitude and perception).Results: Our results indicate that there is difference of opinion in the aspect of knowledge and perception among various age groups.Conclusions: The study concluded that there is a sound knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine among the age group of 18-35 years whereas in the age group above 35 years, there is inadequate knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine facts and myths. Therefore, there is high need to create awareness and provide adequate information to the general public.

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