scholarly journals The Discrimination Against, Health Status and Wellness of People Who Use Drugs in Italian Services: A Survey

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Concetta Paola Pelullo ◽  
Fabio Curcio ◽  
Francesco Auriemma ◽  
Giuseppe Cefalo ◽  
Antonio Fabozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City

Background and Objectives: The aims of this study are to: describe the sociodemographic characteristics and typology of drug addiction among people who use drugs that attend the Servizio per le Dipendenze (SerD), and evaluate the competence and ability of these rehabilitation services to improve their health status and wellness. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2017. Patients attending two selected SerD facilities in the city of Naples, Italy were interviewed with a questionnaire gathering information on sociodemographic data, characteristics of drug addiction, characteristics of enrolment at the SerD, self-reported health status and wellness, and reports of the discrimination suffered. Results: Among the 451 people interviewed, 72.3% had started taking drugs by the age of 20, and half of them have used drugs within the last year. 54.5% of responders attended SerD for more than 10 years, and the two main reasons for attendance were to get help and to get methadone. 79.4% were declared to have a good/very good/excellent health status at the time of interviewing. 53.7% reported suffering from discrimination. Conclusions: Based on our study, discrimination is higher in participants who attended SerD for more than one year, who were formerly in prison, or who were current drug users.

scholarly journals Nursing training from the perspective of graduates

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (suppl 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Dias França Guareschi ◽  
Maria Aparecida de Oliveira Freitas ◽  
Maria Inês Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Private Higher Education ◽  
Nursing Graduates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
Training Satisfaction ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nursing Training ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate the satisfaction of graduates with their training according to their professional characteristics and general competences. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 192 Nursing graduates from a private higher education institution in the city of São Paulo. Data were collected between 2016 and 2017. Results: Graduates placed in the job market within one year (p=0.01) had nursing as their main source of income (p=0.011) and occupation (p=0.014); those who considered themselves professionally successful and those who would choose the profession again (p=<0.001), if they could choose, were more satisfied with their training. Satisfaction with training was linked to the competences acquired during graduates’ training, such as decision making (p=0.002), leadership (p=0.004) and continuing education (p=0.005). Conclusion: The study shows that most graduates consider their training satisfactory when analyzed with the study variables.

Reduction in Needle Sharing among Community Wide Samples of Injecting Drug Users

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Frischer ◽  
M Bloor ◽  
S Green ◽  
D Goldberg ◽  
R Covell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Sharing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The City

Evidence of reduced levels of needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDUs) has largely been confined to IDUs attending needle exchanges or receiving treatment. In this paper we present the results of a serial cross-sectional study of needle sharing conducted in Glasgow using a multisite sampling strategy. Of the estimated 9400 IDUs in the city, 503 were interviewed in 1990 and 535 in 1991. The proportion of IDUs reporting injecting with, or passing on used needles and syringes in the last 6 months fell significantly as did the number of individuals from whom equipment was received or passed on to. The impact of this level of sharing has been limited in terms of HIV transmission; the prevalence of HIV among the 1990 sample was 2.0% and 1.1% for the 1991 sample. However, the fact that a third of IDUs in Glasgow continue to inject, even occasionally, with used equipment gives cause for concern in view of the other pathologies known to be associated with poor injecting hygiene.

scholarly journals Healthcare utilization and costs among prolactinoma patients: a cross-sectional study and analysis of determinants

Pituitary ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merel van der Meulen ◽  
Amir H. Zamanipoor Najafabadi ◽  
Daniel J. Lobatto ◽  
Wilbert B. van den Hout ◽  
Cornelie D. Andela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

Abstract Purpose Prolactinomas are the most prevalent functioning pituitary adenomas. They affect gonadal function as well as health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to report healthcare utilization and costs, including their determinants, for prolactinoma patients. Methods Cross-sectional study of 116 adult prolactinoma patients in chronic care in a Dutch tertiary referral center. Patients completed four validated questionnaires, assessing healthcare utilization and costs over the previous 12 months (Medical Consumption Questionnaire), disease bother and needs (Leiden Bother and Needs Questionnaire Pituitary), HRQoL (Short Form-36), and self-reported health status (EuroQol 5D). Regression analyses were used to assess associations between disease-related characteristics and healthcare utilization and costs. Results Mean age was 52.0 years (SD 13.7) and median follow-up was 15.0 years (IQR 7.6–26.1). Patients visited the endocrinologist (86.2%), general practitioner (37.9%), and ophthalmologist (25.0%) most frequently. Psychological care was used by 12.9% of patients and 5% were admitted to hospital. Mean annual healthcare costs were €1928 (SD 3319), mainly for pituitary-specific medication (37.6% of total costs), hospitalization (19.4%) and specialist care (16.1%). Determinants for higher healthcare utilization and costs were greater disease bother and needs for support, lower HRQoL, elevated prolactin, and longer disease duration, while tumor size, hypopituitarism and adrenal insufficiency were not significantly associated with healthcare utilization and costs. Conclusion Healthcare utilization and costs of prolactinoma patients are related to patient-reported HRQoL, bother by disease and needs for support. Therefore, addressing patients’ HRQoL and needs is a way forward to improve efficiency of care and patients’ health status.

scholarly journals Health Inequality between Migrant and Non-Migrant Workers in an Industrial Zone of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiet Tuan Huy Pham ◽  
Long Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Manh-Tung Ho ◽  
Thu-Trang Vuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Inequality In Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

Vietnam has experienced massive internal migration waves from rural to industrialized zones. However, little efforts have been made to understand differences in health conditions and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between local and migrant industrial workers. This study aimed to examine the inequality in health status and HRQOL between these workers. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 289 Vietnamese workers at three industrial areas in Hanoi and Bac Ninh. Self-reported health status and HRQOL were measured using the EuroQOL-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) instrument. Sociodemographic, working, and environmental factors were also investigated. Overall, the mean EQ-5D index was 0.74 (SD = 0.21) and the average number of health problems in the last 12 months in our sample was 1.91 (SD = 1.63) problems. Migrant people had a lower EQ-5D index (β = −0.08, p < 0.01) and more health problems (β = 0.20, p < 0.05) compared to local workers. Those being male, working in the same posture more than 60 min, and exposed to more hazards at work were correlated with a lower EQ-5D index and higher number of health problems. The results highlighted inequalities in health status and HRQOL between migrant and local workers. Reinforcing regular health check-ups, ensuring sufficient protective equipment and working conditions may help improve the health outcomes of the workers.

scholarly journals Stigmatization and discrimination of patients with chronic hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kostic ◽  
Biljana Kocic ◽  
Branislav Tiodorovic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The City

Background/Aim. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is often associated with injectable drug users and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection for which there is stigmatization in society. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of stigma and discrimination of patients with CHC, as well as the influence of sociodemographic factors on the occurrence of stigmatization. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed. Patients with CHC and conducted antiviral therapy completed an anonymous structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions and Hepatitis C stigma scale. Results. Out of 154 patients 61.7% were male and 72.1% from the city; 59.7% have completed secondary school; 61.7% were employed before the disease while 31.8% after the disease; 45.5% were unsatisfactory with financial situation; 54.5% were married; 37.7% lived with a spouse and children; 86.4% in their own house/apartment; 5.2% of the patients were abandoned by their partners, while 35.7% consumed drugs. A statistical significance of the stigma score was found in those who lived in the city (p = 0.018), unmarried (p = 0.005), abandoned by the partners after the diagnosis of CHC (p < 0.001), drug users (p = 0.002) and those living with parents (p = 0.034). Univariate regression analysis singled out as significant: residence (p = 0.018), living with their parents (p = 0.046), abandonment by a partner (p < 0.001) and drug use (p = 0.002). A multivariate regression model of independent variables singled out abandonment by partners (Beta = 5.158, p = 0.007). Men disagree significantly with the two elements inside stigma [not the same as the others (p = 0.035)] and hurt by the reaction of others (p = 0.047)). Conclusion. The presence of stigma in patients with CHC was proven. The results indicate the need to strengthen anti-stigma programs that will reduce their psychological and social problems and reduce stigmatization in society.

scholarly journals MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSIES;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishwar Naheed ◽  
Shirza Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Altaf Pervez Qasim ◽  
Summyia Sadia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Unnatural Death ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The City ◽  
Study Setting

Background:  Due to high increase in the population, there is sharp increase in the accidental, homicidal, suicidal and natural deaths. Objective: To evaluate and audit the frequency of death patterns in the city of Faisalabad. Study Design: It is a cross sectional study.  Setting & Duration:  Study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Faisalabad Medical University (FMU) Faisalabad for a period of one year i.e. 1st January, 2017 to 31st December, 2017. Methodology:  The record of all unnatural deaths brought for medicolegal autopsies during the study period were examined in detail with special reference to the frequency of death patterns, manners & modalities of those cases. The data was entered in the predesigned performa & analysed by using SPSS.  Results: Study revealed that frequency of unnatural death in Faisalabad is similar to those conducted in other cities, but higher rates may be due to the fact that Faisalabad is thickly populated & third largest city of Pakistan. Out of total 255 cases of unnatural deaths reported for medico-legal autopsies in FMU Faisalabad (80.40 %) were male and (19.6%) females.     Accidental deaths occurred in (28.62%) cases, homicidal deaths involved (50.58%), suicide took the lives of (3.9%) cases and (2.7%) persons died of natural causes whereas manner of death remained undetermined in (14.11%) cases. Unnatural deaths were reported more frequently in the age group 20–29 years involving (24.70%) cases. Conclusion: Homicide is higher in this region and Firearm is the weapon of choice for assailants. This increasing death toll of homicide may be due to increase in frustration and intolerance in the society.

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